AP HISTORY
SUMMER WORK
2015
This version is for students who were in Mr. Trujillo’s Honors class. It does NOT contain chapters 6 and 7 since they were done in class. If you were NOT in Mr. Trujillo’s Honors class, you must also complete chapters 6 and 7.
Summer work deadline:
These chapter assignments are based on the text book, The Earth and Its Peoples. They are due on Tuesday, August 11, 2015. Place them in a folder, staple them, and give them to the secretary in the Main Office. The secretary will place these assignments in my mailbox. These chapter assignments must be typed in 12 point font. Please keep backup copies for yourself! Since this project counts for a significant part of your first quarter grade, you must complete the work on time to achieve a good grade for the first quarter.
Summer Work Rationale: There is an enormous amount of content in this course. It covers two college classes: World History I and World History II. If we did not assign the summer work, it would be nearly impossible to learn the material in an appropriate manner.
Office hours: Although this assignment is self-explanatory, I will be available for assistance on this project on Wednesday, July 8, 2015 from 8:00 AM to 11:30 AM.
Teacher: Mr. Glen Cummings
Student signature ______
Parent signature ______
Binder requirement: On the first day of school, please have a 1.5 inch binder with seven dividers labeled as follows: Foundations Unit, 600-1450, 1450-1750, 1750-1900, charts, and homework.
AP SUMMER WORK 2015 Name ______
Directions. If you were in Mr. Trujillo’s honors class, answer each of the questions for chapters 1,2,3,4,5, and 8 in complete sentences. All work must be typed. If you were in the Regents class, you must answer chapters1,2,3,4,5,6,7, and 8.
Note for chapter 6 and 7: You already did these assignments if you were in the Honors class. Please place your chapter 6 and 7assignments in your binder at the beginning of the school year. You will have a comparative essay on the Rome and Han information from chapter 6.
Chapter 1 Text Book Questions. Answer each of these questions in complete sentences. All work must be typed.
African Genesis (p.5)
1) In the mid-nineteenth century, why did the discovery of the remains of ancient creatures that
were once humanlike generate both excitement and controversy?
2) What book did Charles Darwin write? (p.5) What is natural selection? (p.6)
3) Where did Ray Dart believe that human life originated? Why?
4) When did the Great Ice Age end? Answer 9000 BCE. (Please memorize this; see p.7)
5) Refer to the map on page 8. Where did human life originate according to this map? (Just give
a short response, you do NOT need a complete sentence for this question. Observe how
human life made it to each continent.)
History and Culture in the Stone Age (p.11)
1) What are the two major periods of the Stone Age? Approximately when did the Neolithic era
begin?
2) What are foragers? From which food source do modern foragers derive the bulk of their
day-to-day nourishment? (p. 13, first column)
3) What roles did women play in the Ice Age? Give specific examples.(p.13 second column and p.14)
4) What were men more suited for?
5) What did Paleolithic cave art show?
The Agricultural Revolutions (p.17)
1) How did stone tools help the development of agriculture?
2) How did animal domestication help the development of agriculture?
3) How were nomadic pastoralists different than regular nomads?
4) What gradually replaced foraging?
Chapter 2 Text Book Questions.
Mesopotamia (p.29)
1) What does Mesopotamia mean? Where is it located? Why was it important? (p.29)
2) Refer to map on page 30. State which rivers flowed through Mesopotamia? Which river
is located in a valley in Pakistan? (See the caption under the picture).
3) What was the Epic of Gilgamesh? Why was it important? (p.34)
4) Who was Hammurabi? Explain the significance of his legal code.
5) Very important: What do anthropologists believe happened to women’s social standing in
Mesopotamia? Give examples to support your answer.(p.35 last paragraph)
during the Neolithic Revolution?
6) On which number was the Sumerian/Mesopotamian math system based? What impact did
this have? (p.40)
7) Were the floods of the Tigris and Euphrates generally predictable? How did this affect their
world view?
8) What was cuneiform? (p.39)
9) On which number was the Sumerian/Mesopotamian math system based? What impact did
this have? (p.40)
Egypt (p.40)
1) What is the longest river in the World? Where does this river originate? (p.40)
2) Why did Egyptians build irrigation channels? (p.41)
3) Technology: Briefly explain how pyramids were constructed. (Two sentences; p43)
4) Where was the kingdom of Kush located? (p.41)
5) Describe the role, status and privileges of Egyptian women. (p.45, second column, last
paragraph, be sure to mention property ownership)
Indus Valley Civilization (p.48)
1) The Indus River is in South Asia. Find this on a map. In March and April, what feeds the
Indus River’s sources? (p.48, top of column 2)
2) Which two ancient cities developed on the Indus? (p.48) Describe two key features of these
cities. (p.49)
3) Why were Indus Valley cities abandoned after 1900 BCE? (p.51, second column)
Chapter 3 Text Book Questions. Answer each of these questions in complete sentences. All work must be typed.
Early China (p.55)
1) Give three specific examples of geographic isolation in China. (p.56)
2) Name two great river systems in China. (The Xi in the south is a third). (p.57)
3) How were agricultural patterns in northern China different than those in the south? (p.58)
4) Which metal was developed in Shang China circa 2000 BCE? Why was it important? (What
was it used for? (p.59 second column)
5) What were oracle bones? How did shamans from Shang China use oracle bones? (p.60)
6) Which dynasty replaced the Shang? Which concept did they use to justify the overthrow of
the Shang? (p.61)
7) Memorize this: The three Chinese philosophies that occurred emerged the Zhou period were
Legalism, Daoism, and Confucianism.
8) What was legalism? (p.62) [This should be about two sentences.]
9) What are the key features of Confucianism? (Review the Five Relationships and their
political and social impact). (p.63) [This should be about two sentences.]
10) What are the key points of Daoism? (p.63; explain Yin and Yang). [This should be about two
sentences.]
Nubia (p.69)
1) Where was Nubia? What was its central geographic feature?
2) Who were the Kush? What did they develop?
3) Refer to the caption under the map on page 70. Which civilization had an important influence
on Nubia? (Also look at the blue area on the map).
Conclusion (p.79)
1) Why was the acquisition of bronze weapons a priority for the elite classes?
2) What led to the fall of Late Bronze Age Civilizations?
Note: You will have to know that the Bronze Age ended the Neolithic Era, and the Iron
Age ended the Bronze Age.
Chapter 4 questions. Answer each of these questions in a complete sentence. All work must be typed.
First Civilizations of the Americas (p.86)
1) Refer to the map on page 88. Where were the Olmec located? Where were the Chavin
Located?
2) Refer to the picture on page 89. Which civilization sculpted this giant stone head? Who does
it represent?
3) Who were the Chavin? Why were they important? (p.89) Note: It’s important to note that the Chavin had a great influence on the Inca.
The Assyrian Empire (p.93)
1) Define the term mass deportation. (p.95) Why did the Assyrians use mass deportation?
Note: Be able to locate the Assyrian empire on an upcoming map test.
Israel (p.99)
1) What is the Hebrew Bible? Describe it. (p.99) Note: Christians call this the Old Testament.
2) Why did the Israelites flee to Egypt? (see the top of page 100).
3) What was written on the tablets that Moses received? What did these writings prohibit?
(p.100)
4) Define the term diaspora. (p.103)
Phoenicia and the Mediterranean (p.103)
1) Which writing system did the Phoenicians develop? Why was it an important advance
As compared to cuneiform or hieroglyphics? (p.104)
2) Refer to the map on page 106. Where was Phoenicia located? What did Phoenicia
begin to do in the ninth century BCE.
Chapter 5 Text Book Questions. Answer each of these questions in a complete sentence. All work must be typed.
Ancient Iran (p.114)
1) Which regions of Asia were linked due to Iran’s location? (p.114) Which ancient civilization
developed in this region?
2) How was Persian society stratified (divided)? (see page 117 column 2).
3) What were satraps? Why were they important? (p.118)
4) How was Zoroastrianism, the main Persian religion, similar to Christianity? (p.121, first
column) Just give one brief sentence.
The Rise of the Greeks (p.121)
1) Describe the topography of Greece. What political effect did this have? What economic effect
did this have?
2) Which form of cultural diffusion was transferred from the Phoenicia to Greece?
3) What is a polis? Why did this become the dominant political structure in ancient Greece?
4) Who could vote in ancient Greece?
5) Describe the main differences between Athens and Sparta. (p.129)
Note: you will have to know the SPICE information for Athens on an upcoming
compare and contrast essay.
The Struggle of Persia and Greece (p.130)
1) When were the Persian Wars? Who did Persia attack? What was the main result?
2) Why was Socrates important? (p.133) Give several details.
3) In this course, slavery is referred to as coercive labor. Describe the role and treatment of
Greek slaves. (p.134)
4) Who fought in the Peloponnesian War? When? What was the result? (p.135)
5) What were the accomplishments of Alexander the Great? (p.136) Note: the map on page
137 shows the cultural diffusion of Hellenistic ideas due to the conquests of Alexander
Great. (Thus, Alexander the Great is best known for the spread of Hellenism).
6) What is meant by the Hellenistic Age? Name the areas that became Hellenized. (p.137)
Chapter 8 Text Book Questions. Answer each of these questions in a complete sentence. All work must be typed.
The Silk Road (p.203)
1) Refer to the picture on page 205. Which animal did the Chinese breed to facilitate Silk Road
travel? Why did caravans often travel in the winter?
2) Which manufactured goods was China best known for? (p. 205 last paragraph)
3) What was major impact of Silk Road trade? (p.206) Give details.
4) Which invention made riding easier? (p.206) Explain how this invention made riding easier.
Give details.
The Indian Ocean (p.207)
Note: IOMS means Indian Ocean Maritime System
1) What was the IOMS? Which lands did it embrace?
2) Contrast the differences between Mediterranean sailors and IOMS sailors.
3) Note: The summer monsoons travel northeast; the winter monsoons travel
southwest. Based on this information, if you were a Arab sailor traveling to India, would you
go in the summer or winter. (This requires only a one word answer J).
Routes Across the Sahara (p.210)
1) By 1100 CE, what was transported over the trans-Saharan caravan routes?
2) What does Saharan cave art tell us about past civilizations in this region? What caused this
to change.
3) Scholars believe that camels came to the Sahara from ______.
4) What is the Sahel? (p.215)
5) Where was the kingdom of Ghana?
Note: Ghana means War Chief. Ghana became powerful due to the fact that it traded
gold for salt (from the north).
Sub-Saharan Africa (p.216)
1) What is sub-Saharan Africa? What are steppes? Savannas?
2) What are Great traditions? What are Small traditions?
3) Note: Africa has over 1000 languages. What factors have caused this?
4) When did the Sahara turn dry? What demographic impact did this have?
5) Who were the Bantu? Where were they from? Where did they migrate to?
6) Which metal did the Bantu smelt?
Note new terms: push factor--when people migrate because they are forced from their
land; pull factor--people migrate in search of products of conquest
Spread of Ideas (p.219)
1) Where and how did Buddhism spread? Give at least two sentences. (top of p.220)
Important SPICE information to know for the first unit test:
Classical era civilizations: Gupta, Han, Rome, Athens