From,

DR.GEETA

Preliminary M. D. (Ayu.) Scholar

Department of Post Graduate Studies in Shareera Rachana,

N.K.J.A.M.C. & P.G. Centre,

BIDAR- 585403.

To,

The Registrar,

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences,

BANGALORE, KARNATAKA.

Through,

The Principal and H.O.D,

P.G. studies in Shareera Rachana,

N.K.J.A.M.C. & P.G. Centre,

BIDAR - 585403.

Subject: Submission of Completed Performa for Registration of Synopsis for Dissertation.

Respected Sir,

I request you to kindly register the below mentioned subject against my name for the submission of the dissertation to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, for partial fulfilment of M.D. (Ayu.) in Shareera Rachana.

TITLE OF DISSERTATION:

“A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON RAKTADHARA KALA"

I am hereby enclosing completed Performa for registration of subject for dissertation.

Thanking You,

Yours faithfully,

Date: 22.04.13

Place: Bidar. (DR.GEETA)

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

KARNATAKA-BANGALORE

ANNEXURE-II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

  1. Name of the Candidate: DR.GEETA

Address: D/O MADIWALAPPA GIRINIVAS.

NEAR URDU SCHOOL.JEWARGI

TQ: JEWARGI. PIN: 585310 .

DIST: GULBARGA.( KARNATAKA)

  1. Name of Institution: N.K.J. AYURVEDIC MEDICAL COLLEGE &

P.G.CENTRE, BIDAR- 585403.

KARNATAKA (INDIA).

  1. Course of study and Subject: M.D. (SHAREERA RACHANA)

4.Date of Admission to Centre: 10-10-2012

5. Title of the topic:

“A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON RAKTADHARA KALA”

6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK.

INTRODUCTION:

The Knowledge of bodily structure is invariably essential for its benefit i.e, for keeping the body healthy. A physician unless & until knows all the intricate secrets of this body, he cannot comprehend the factors that are beneficial for this body.

Acharya Sushruta pioneer of Rachana Shareera presented the science of Kala Shareera in the chapter “Garbhavyakarana nama shareera” under which he tried to emphasize the concept of kala along with fundamental science.

While composing the Anatomical and Physiological Sciences Ayurvedic acharya’s thought much for the basic constituents of the body (Dhatu) and their substratum (Ashaya). While considering upon the ashaya they had also thought of the linings making internal walls of the ashaya, designating them as Kala.They presented it in a very silent way.

Definition of Kala According to different Acharya’s,

According to Sushruta Samhita:

Seven kalas are appearing as structure intervening between dhatu and their seat ashayas. Among the seven kalas, second is Raktadhara Kala situated inside the muscle which contains the blood, it is found particularly in blood vessels, liver, and spleen. (1)Just as ksheera flows out when ksheeri vriksa are cut, similarly when muscles are cut blood flows out quickly. (2)

According to Ashtanga Samgraha andAshtanga Hrudaya:

BothAcharyas given similar description i.e The moisture that remains inside the spaces in the dhatus (tissues) gets cooked (processed) by the heat present in them (tissues), forms into structure similar to those found in the wood (tree) and become covered with snayu (tendenous sheath), shlesma (kapha) and jarayu (chorionic membrane). It is called as kala, because it is formed from very little quantity of rasa, and essence of dhatus (tissues). (3, 4)

According to Bhavaprakasha Samhita:

The kleda (lubricating material, moist substances) present inside the dhatu (tissue), ashaya (organ/viscera), and dhatvantara (places in between organs/tissue) which gets cooked by the dehosma (heat of the body tissues) is known as kala. (5)

According toSharangadhara Samhita:

The moisture present in the dhatus undergo transformation by the heat of the body and forms into structure known as kala. (Lining membranes, sheaths coverings and secreting membranes). (6)

6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Anatomical structure of RaktadharaKala and its limitations has been described by different Acharyas, particularly in Sushruta Samhita and Astanga Samgraha, but is not in an elaborative manner. So it still needs further scientific study on its structure, limitations and to add new knowledge concern to it.

Many medical and surgical therapies are regularly done in the Ayurvedic hospitals but the anatomical importance of Raktadhara Kalais not yet highlighted.

Till now in detailed study of Raktadhara Kala with its applied aspects is not yetcarried out. The scientific understanding of Raktadhara kala is the need of the hour. The study has been under taken will become help full for the Ayurvedic scholars, doctors, etc.

As there is extensive research is going on in contemproary science with respect to structural, microscopic, histopathological studies etc, the postgraduate Ayurvedic research in Shareera Rachana has its Role. Hence an attempt is made to understand the Raktadhara Kala, to update modern positive relavance and scope in applied Ayurveda was considered and the study is undertaken.

After compiling the literary evidences comparative study is expected upon Raktadhara Kala in the current scenario and hence the present title “A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON RAKTADHARA KALA” is selected for the study, which is first of its kind with respect to Raktadhara Kala.

6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Sushruta samhita:

Acharya Sushrutha explained kala in shareera sthana 4th chapter, 5th -21st shloka.

Astanga samgraha:

Acharya Vagbhata-1 explained kala in shareera sthana 5th chapter, 19th-24th shloka.

Astanga hrudaya:

Acharya Vagbhata- 2 explained kala in shareera sthana 3rd chapter, 9th shloka.

Bhavaprakasha Samhita:

Acharya Bhavamishra explained kala in Purvakhanda 3rd chapter, 219 shloka.

Sharangadhara samhita:

Acharya Sarnghadhara explainedkala in Purvakhanda 5th chapter, 6th shloka.

PREVIOUS WORKS DONE:

  • Kotur S.B – Critical and Comparitive Study on Kala Shareera w.s.r to Pureeshadhara Kala.(RGUHS-2003)
  • Mishra A P - A Critical Study of Kala. (Lucknow Univerity-2004)
  • Ashwini kumar.W. - Critical and Comparative Study on Kala Shareera W.S.R to Mamsa Dhara Kalaa. (RGUHS-2004)
  • Kulkarni Bhagawan Gangadhara - A Scientific study of Pittadhara Kala W.S.R to Evolution of Digestive System.(RGUHS-2006)

6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

To review the Raktadhara Kala.

To fix its anatomical limitation.

7. MATERIALS & METHODS:

7.1 SOURCE OF DATA:

Literary & Conceptual study will be undertaken from Brihatrayis and Laghutrayis, other classical texts including Journals, Papers presented, previous thesis work done & correlated, analysed with the knowledge of contemporary sciences on the subject.

7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA:

Ayurvedic literature related to Raktadhara Kala will be collected from Ayurvedic classics.

Modern anatomical literature will be collected from various modern anatomy books and digital library, internet etc.

Relavant photographs of Raktadhara Kala related structures will be collected retrospectively from dissection mannual etc.

Related important informations have to be discussed and analysed scientifically to approach the objectives.

7.3 DOES THE STUDY REQUIRE ANY INVESTIGATIONS TO BE CONDUCTED ON THE PATIENTS / ANIMALS? IF SO, PLEASE DESCRIBE BRIEFLY:

NO

7.4 HAS ETHICAL CLEARANCE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION?

YES OBTAINED

8.LIST OF REFERENCES:

1. P.V.Sharma - Sushruta Samhita (Shareera Sthana 4/10) vol.2 Reprint-2005,

Chaukambha Vishvabharati, Varanasi. P- 151,152.

2.Prof. K.R.Srikanth Murthy – Sushruta samhita (Shareera Sthana 4/10) vol.1- 3rd

Edition -2007. Choukambha orientalia. P-55, 56.

3. Prof. K.R.Srikanth Murthy-Ashtanga Samgraha of Vruddha Vagbhata (Shareera

Sthana 5/21) - 5th Edition -2005, Choukambha orientalia. P- 62, 64.

4. Prof. K.R.Srikanth Murthy - Astanga Hridaya of Laghu Vagbhata (Shareera Sthana

3/9) Edition -2007, vol.1, Choukambha Krishnadas Academy. P- 394.

5. Prof. K.R.Srikanth Murthy - Bhavaprakasha of Bhavamisra (Purvakhanda 3/219-

222) Edited Reprint -2004, Choukambha Krishnadas Academy Varanasi. P- 48, 49.

6. Prof. K.R.Srikanth Murthy - Sharangadhara Samhita by Sharangadhara

(Prathamakhanda 5/6) 4th Edition -2001, Choukambha Orientalia. P-21.

9. SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE: DR.GEETA

10. REMARKS OF THE GUIDE:

11. NAME & DESIGNATION OF:

11.1 GUIDE: DR. ASHWINI KUMAR.W

ASST. PROFESSOR

11.2 SIGNATURE:

11.3 CO-GUIDE: DR. ANUP BHOSGIKAR

LECTURER

11.4 SIGNATURE

11.5 HEAD OF DEPARTMENT : DR.N.G MULIMANI

PROF.& H.O.D

P.G DEPT OF SHAREERA RACHANA

N.K.J.A.M.C & P.G CENTER,BIDAR

11.6 SIGNATURE:

12.12.1 REMARKS OF THE CHAIRMAN:

& PRINCIPAL

12.2 SIGNATURE:

1