AP Chem Unit 1 Study Guide
Chapt. 1-3
1.All of the following are properties of tin. Which one is a chemical property of tin?
A.Tin can be hammered into a thin sheet.
B.At 40oC a sheet of tin crumbles to a gray powder.
C.Tin melts at 231.9C.
D.When a bar of tin is bent, it emits an audible “cry”.
E.Tin dissolves slowly in cold, dilute hydrochloric acid, but it dissolves readily in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
2. Which one of the following represents a chemical change?
A. heating water to form steam
B. sliced apples, in contact with air, turning brown
C. sugar dissolving in hot coffee
D. mixing sugar and cinnamon
E. cutting a bar of sodium metal into pieces with a knife
3. The diameter of an atom is approximately 1 10– 8 cm. What is this diameter when expressed in nanometers?
4. How many significant figures does the result of the following operation contain? 8.52010 7.9
5. A US barrel is 4.21 cubic feet. Express this volume in liters.
6. A piece of metal with a mass of 114 g was placed into a graduated cylinder that contained 25.00 mL of water, raising the water level to 42.50 mL. What is the density of the metal?
7. Given the following densities at 25oC: magnesium: 1.7 g/cm3 graphite: 1.8 g/cm3 iron: 7.9 g/cm3
A block of iron has a mass of 483 g. What is the mass of a block of graphite that has the same volume as the block of iron?
8. The density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm3. How many liters does 251 g of Hg occupy?
9. Give the number of protons (p), electrons (e), and neutrons (n) in one atom of chlorine-37.
10. An aluminum ion, Al3+, has:
A.13 protons and 13 electrons
B.27 protons and 24 electrons
C.16 protons and 13 electrons
D.13 protons and 10 electrons
E.10 protons and 13 electrons
11.Which pair of elements would be most likely to form an ionic compound?
A. P and Br B. Zn and K C. F and Al D. C and S E. Al and Rb
12.What is the formula for the ionic compound formed by calcium and selenium?
13. The chemical name for ClO2– is chlorite ion. Therefore, the name of HClO2 is ?
14. The formula for magnesium sulfate is ______
15. The Stock system name for As2S5 is ______
16. The mineral manganosite is a compound of manganese-55 and oxygen-16. If 77% of the mass of manganosite is due to manganese, what is the empirical formula of manganosite?
17. What is the mass, in grams, of one arsenic atom?
18.The mass of 1.63 1021 silicon atoms is ______
19. How many atoms are in 5.54 g of F2?
20.Calculate the number of moles of xenon in 12.0 g of xenon.
21.Calculate the molecular mass of menthol, C10H20O.
22.Formaldehyde has the formula CH2O. How many molecules are there in 0.11 g of formaldehyde?
23.How many sulfur atoms are there in 21.0 g of Al2S3?
24.How many grams of nitrogen are there in 7.5 g of Ca(NO3)2?
25.A compound was discovered whose composition by mass is 85.6% C and 14.4% H.Which of the following could be the molecular formula of this compound?
A.CH4B. C2H4C. C3H4D. C2H6E. C3H8
26.What is the coefficient of H2O when the following equation is properly balanced with smallest set of whole numbers?
___ Al4C3 + ___ H2O ___ Al(OH)3 + ___ CH4
27.What is the coefficient of H2SO4 when the following equation is properly balancedwith the smallest set of whole numbers?
___ Ca3(PO4)2 + ___ H2SO4 ___ CaSO4 + ___ H3PO4
28.Ammonia reacts with diatomic oxygen to form nitric oxide and water vapor: 4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O
When 20.0 g NH3 and 50.0 g O2 are allowed to react, which is the limiting reagent?
29. How many grams of Cl2 can be prepared from the reaction of 16.0 g of MnO2 and 30.0 g of HCl according to the following chemical equation?
MnO2 + 4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
30.What is the maximum mass of ammonia, NH3 , that can be obtained from the reaction of 10.0 g of H2 and 80.0 g of N2?
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
31.A chemistry student determined the empirical formula for tungsten oxide (WxOy). To do so, he heated tungsten with oxygen in a crucible. The data that he recorded are shown below:
Weight of crucible 11.120 g
Weight of tungsten 8.820 g
Weight of crucible and product22.998 g
What is the percent composition by mass of tungsten oxide?
What is the empirical formula of tungsten oxide?
32.Refer to the (unbalanced) equation CS2 + CaO CO2 + CaS
a. Balance this equation.
b. How many moles of CO2 can be obtained from the reaction of 4 moles of CS2?
c. How many moles of CaO are consumed if 0.3 mole CS2 reacts?
d. How many grams of CaS are produced if 53 g of CO2 are produced?
e. How many grams of CaO are required to react completely with 38 g of CS2?
33. NH4+ is an example of which of the following?
A)a monatomic cation
B)a monatomic anion
C)a polyatomic cation
D)a polyatomic anion
34. What is the name of KMnO4?
35. What is the formula for calcium hydrogen phosphate?
36. What is wrong with or ambiguous about the phrase “four molecules of NaCl”?
A)Four molecules of NaCl would require the formula to be Na4Cl4
B)NaCl molecules do not exist in aggregates of four
C)The formula for NaCl is incorrect
D)NaCl is ionic and does not exist in the form of molecules
37.Which of the following are compounds but not molecules? (a) SO2, (b) S8, (c) Cs, (d) N2O5, (e) O, (f) O2, (g) O3, (h) CH4, (i) KBr, (j) S, (k) P4, (l) LiF
A)(f) and (h)
B)(a) and (d)
C)(i) and (l)
D)(d)
38. Why is magnesium chloride (MgCl2) not called magnesium(II) chloride?
39. Caproic acid, the compound responsible for the odor of dirty socks, is composed of C, H, and O atoms. Combustion of a 0.225g sample of this compound produces 0.512 g CO2 and 0.209 g H2O.
A) What is the empirical formula of caproic acid?
B) Caproic acid has a molar mass of 116 g/mol. What is its molecular formula?