Supplementary Table 1A. Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Three Tillage Treatments

Supplementary Table 1a. Physical and chemical characteristics of three tillage treatments from different sites and soil depths

Site / Treatment / Depth / Bulk density / SOC / Total N / Total P / Total S
(cm) / (g cm-3) / (mg g-1) / (mg g-1) / (mg g-1) / (mg g-1)
Friemar / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 1.1 / 13.9 / 1.5 / 0.62 / 0.26
5-10 / 1.4 / 14.2 / 1.6 / 0.63 / 0.27
10-15 / 1.3 / 14.9 / 1.6 / 0.65 / 0.27
15-20 / 1.3 / 14.2 / 1.6 / 0.62 / 0.26
20-30 / 1.3 / 11.9 / 1.4 / 0.60 / 0.24
30-40 / 1.4 / 6.8 / 1.0 / 0.48 / 0.20
Grubber / 0-5 / 1.0 / 21.5 / 2.3 / 0.69 / 0.36
5-10 / 1.1 / 19.0 / 2.1 / 0.61 / 0.31
10-15 / 1.2 / 15.2 / 1.6 / 0.59 / 0.29
15-20 / 1.5 / 13.2 / 1.5 / 0.58 / 0.26
20-30 / 1.5 / 12.4 / 1.4 / 0.57 / 0.26
30-40 / 1.4 / 9.0 / 1.1 / 0.47 / 0.18
No tillage / 0-5 / 1.1 / 24.1 / 2.5 / 0.71 / 0.38
5-10 / 1.3 / 16.8 / 1.7 / 0.57 / 0.29
10-15 / 1.4 / 14.3 / 1.5 / 0.55 / 0.26
15-20 / 1.5 / 13.3 / 1.4 / 0.56 / 0.25
20-30 / 1.5 / 11.9 / 1.4 / 0.54 / 0.25
30-40 / 1.4 / 6.3 / 0.8 / 0.41 / 0.17
Grombach / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 1.2 / 11.9 / 1.0 / 0.68 / 0.19
5-10 / 1.2 / 10.8 / 1.0 / 0.68 / 0.19
10-15 / 1.3 / 10.8 / 1.0 / 0.68 / 0.24
15-20 / 1.3 / 10.4 / 1.0 / 0.67 / 0.19
20-30 / 1.4 / 10.5 / 1.0 / 0.69 / 0.20
30-40 / 1.5 / 8.6 / 1.0 / 0.65 / 0.22
Grubber / 0-5 / 1.0 / 18.9 / 2.0 / 0.91 / 0.32
5-10 / 1.2 / 16.3 / 1.7 / 0.86 / 0.30
10-15 / 1.3 / 13.9 / 1.6 / 0.84 / 0.31
15-20 / 1.6 / 11.7 / 1.4 / 0.85 / 0.30
20-30 / 1.6 / 9.5 / 1.4 / 0.79 / 0.31
30-40 / 1.5 / 5.6 / 1.4 / 0.69 / 0.33
No tillage / 0-5 / 1.1 / 18.5 / 1.9 / 0.83 / 0.28
5-10 / 1.3 / 14.9 / 1.5 / 0.78 / 0.24
10-15 / 1.4 / 11.6 / 1.2 / 0.70 / 0.22
15-20 / 1.6 / 11.0 / 1.2 / 0.74 / 0.22
20-30 / 1.6 / 8.8 / 1.1 / 0.70 / 0.24
30-40 / 1.5 / 5.1 / 1.2 / 0.60 / 0.26

Supplementary Table 1b. Physical and chemical characteristics of three tillage treatments from different sites and soil depths.

Site / Treatment / Depth / Bulk density / SOC / Total N / Total P / Total S
(cm) / (cm m-3) / (mg g-1) / (mg g-1) / (mg g-1) / (mg g-1)
Lüttewitz / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 1.3 / 12.7 / 1.3 / 0.58 / 0.21
5-10 / 1.3 / 11.8 / 1.2 / 0.60 / 0.21
10-15 / 1.2 / 12.0 / 1.2 / 0.58 / 0.21
15-20 / 1.2 / 12.0 / 1.3 / 0.58 / 0.21
20-30 / 1.2 / 11.6 / 1.2 / 0.58 / 0.21
30-40 / 1.3 / 7.1 / 0.8 / 0.45 / 0.13
Grubber / 0-5 / 1.1 / 17.8 / 1.7 / 0.50 / 0.24
5-10 / 1.3 / 16.4 / 1.6 / 0.49 / 0.23
10-15 / 1.2 / 11.5 / 1.1 / 0.46 / 0.19
15-20 / 1.5 / 9.7 / 1.0 / 0.46 / 0.17
20-30 / 1.4 / 9.0 / 0.9 / 0.46 / 0.16
30-40 / 1.5 / 5.8 / 0.6 / 0.38 / 0.11
No tillage / 0-5 / 1.2 / 16.8 / 1.7 / 0.51 / 0.23
5-10 / 1.4 / 13.0 / 1.3 / 0.46 / 0.21
10-15 / 1.3 / 9.1 / 0.9 / 0.44 / 0.16
15-20 / 1.5 / 8.8 / 0.9 / 0.50 / 0.16
20-30 / 1.5 / 8.2 / 0.8 / 0.44 / 0.18
30-40 / 1.5 / 4.1 / 0.5 / 0.29 / 0.08
Zschortau / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 1.3 / 10.5 / 1.1 / 0.39 / 0.20
5-10 / 1.3 / 10.4 / 1.1 / 0.39 / 0.20
10-15 / 1.2 / 10.4 / 1.1 / 0.38 / 0.20
15-20 / 1.3 / 10.9 / 1.2 / 0.37 / 0.20
20-30 / 1.3 / 10.4 / 1.1 / 0.38 / 0.19
30-40 / 1.4 / 7.6 / 0.8 / 0.31 / 0.15
Grubber / 0-5 / 1.2 / 13.6 / 1.4 / 0.43 / 0.23
5-10 / 1.3 / 13.3 / 1.4 / 0.44 / 0.23
10-15 / 1.2 / 13.0 / 1.4 / 0.43 / 0.23
15-20 / 1.3 / 10.6 / 1.1 / 0.42 / 0.20
20-30 / 1.4 / 8.1 / 0.9 / 0.39 / 0.17
30-40 / 1.5 / 5.6 / 0.6 / 0.30 / 0.14
No tillage / 0-5 / 1.1 / 16.0 / 1.7 / 0.42 / 0.25
5-10 / 1.3 / 14.3 / 1.5 / 0.43 / 0.24
10-15 / 1.2 / 10.9 / 1.2 / 0.42 / 0.21
15-20 / 1.5 / 9.3 / 1.0 / 0.42 / 0.19
20-30 / 1.5 / 8.4 / 0.9 / 0.38 / 0.17
30-40 / 1.6 / 4.8 / 0.5 / 0.27 / 0.10

SupplementaryTable 2a. The effects of different tillage treatments on mean contentsof basal respiration, microbial biomass C, N and S, and ergosterol in soils from different sites and soil depths.

Site / Treatment / Depth / Basal respiration / Microbial biomass / Ergosterol
(cm) / CO2-C (µg g-1 d-1) / C (µg g-1) / N (µg g-1) / S (µg g-1) / (µg g-1)
Friemar / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 9.5 / 289 / 36 / 9.4 / 0.89
5-10 / 9.8 / 276 / 38 / 8.8 / 0.86
10-15 / 12.4 / 332 / 47 / 10.3 / 1.05
15-20 / 10.7 / 272 / 37 / 8.8 / 0.88
20-30 / 10.4 / 208 / 27 / 6.7 / 0.53
30-40 / 7.1 / 128 / 16 / 4.3 / 0.11
Grubber / 0-5 / 11.6 / 517 / 42 / 10.5 / 2.90
5-10 / 11.4 / 455 / 124 / 9.9 / 2.00
10-15 / 4.9 / 272 / 68 / 8.9 / 0.97
15-20 / 3.0 / 187 / 49 / 7.6 / 0.40
20-30 / 2.1 / 166 / 49 / 6.1 / 0.31
30-40 / 2.0 / 89 / 8 / 5.4 / 0.07
No tillage / 0-5 / 15.8 / 744 / 87 / 13.8 / 2.78
5-10 / 6.6 / 387 / 52 / 9.9 / 0.89
10-15 / 4.7 / 266 / 36 / 7.6 / 0.52
15-20 / 3.9 / 226 / 29 / 7.3 / 0.38
20-30 / 3.8 / 184 / 23 / 5.9 / 0.28
30-40 / 4.3 / 84 / 11 / 5.0 / 0.09
Grombach / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 3.6 / 208 / 8 / 9.3 / 0.48
5-10 / 3.4 / 216 / 18 / 8.2 / 0.37
10-15 / 3.3 / 220 / 22 / 7.9 / 0.39
15-20 / 3.9 / 220 / 22 / 8.3 / 0.35
20-30 / 3.7 / 222 / 23 / 7.6 / 0.36
30-40 / 3.4 / 156 / 17 / 5.9 / 0.30
Grubber / 0-5 / 8.7 / 539 / 71 / 11.0 / 1.55
5-10 / 7.1 / 429 / 57 / 10.4 / 0.86
10-15 / 6.3 / 352 / 47 / 9.2 / 0.43
15-20 / 6.5 / 235 / 34 / 5.8 / 0.26
20-30 / 6.3 / 184 / 26 / 4.6 / 0.14
30-40 / 5.9 / 68 / 10 / 3.6 / 0.03
No tillage / 0-5 / 6.1 / 419 / 40 / 10.8 / 1.84
5-10 / 3.1 / 250 / 29 / 8.2 / 0.52
10-15 / 2.8 / 178 / 20 / 7.1 / 0.24
15-20 / 3.1 / 153 / 19 / 6.0 / 0.18
20-30 / 3.0 / 119 / 17 / 5.5 / 0.10
30-40 / 2.1 / 47 / 8 / 3.6 / 0.03

SupplementaryTable 2b. The effects of different tillage treatments on mean contents of basal respiration, microbial biomass C, N and S, and ergosterol in soils from different sites and soil depths.

Site / Treatment / Depth / Basal respiration / Microbial biomass / Ergosterol
(cm) / CO2-C (µg g-1 d-1) / C (µg g-1) / N (µg g-1) / S (µg g-1) / (µg g-1)
Lüttewitz / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 4.9 / 247 / 28 / 7.5 / 0.45
5-10 / 4.7 / 235 / 42 / 7.2 / 0.44
10-15 / 6.0 / 255 / 47 / 7.3 / 0.42
15-20 / 5.6 / 246 / 46 / 7.6 / 0.50
20-30 / 6.1 / 235 / 41 / 7.4 / 0.48
30-40 / 3.6 / 96 / 17 / 3.6 / 0.12
Grubber / 0-5 / 8.1 / 447 / 52 / 11.0 / 1.76
5-10 / 8.3 / 415 / 75 / 9.0 / 1.07
10-15 / 4.4 / 221 / 39 / 8.0 / 0.44
15-20 / 3.2 / 151 / 24 / 6.7 / 0.26
20-30 / 3.1 / 130 / 20 / 6.2 / 0.24
30-40 / 2.4 / 69 / 11 / 5.6 / 0.10
No tillage / 0-5 / 8.1 / 459 / 61 / 12.6 / 1.31
5-10 / 4.6 / 331 / 60 / 8.0 / 0.96
10-15 / 2.2 / 157 / 26 / 6.9 / 0.28
15-20 / 1.7 / 140 / 22 / 5.0 / 0.24
20-30 / 2.0 / 126 / 19 / 3.8 / 0.16
30-40 / 2.0 / 38 / 7 / 3.2 / 0.07
Zschortau / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 2.4 / 183 / 24 / 5.3 / 0.50
5-10 / 3.3 / 202 / 34 / 5.1 / 0.45
10-15 / 4.1 / 206 / 34 / 6.0 / 0.54
15-20 / 7.4 / 246 / 43 / 8.8 / 0.68
20-30 / 4.8 / 198 / 34 / 7.4 / 0.51
30-40 / 3.1 / 116 / 18 / 3.0 / 0.29
Grubber / 0-5 / 6.2 / 389 / 44 / 11.5 / 1.02
5-10 / 8.5 / 430 / 66 / 10.1 / 1.16
10-15 / 7.2 / 339 / 51 / 9.2 / 0.90
15-20 / 4.8 / 222 / 33 / 3.7 / 0.59
20-30 / 3.5 / 165 / 22 / 2.6 / 0.30
30-40 / 2.8 / 106 / 10 / 1.1 / 0.11
No tillage / 0-5 / 9.3 / 476 / 65 / 7.9 / 1.26
5-10 / 7.2 / 379 / 52 / 6.4 / 0.83
10-15 / 5.2 / 251 / 34 / 4.9 / 0.51
15-20 / 3.9 / 194 / 24 / 4.1 / 0.36
20-30 / 2.6 / 159 / 19 / 3.3 / 0.28
30-40 / 2.1 / 93 / 9 / 2.7 / 0.09

SupplementaryTable 3a. The effect of different tillage treatments on the distribution of soil amino sugar contents at varying soil depths and investigation sites.

Site / Treatment / Depth / MurN / ManN / GalN / GluN
(cm) / (µg g-1) / (µg g-1) / (µg g-1) / (µg g-1)
Friemar / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 89 / 37 / 604 / 1054
5-10 / 95 / 43 / 645 / 1098
10-15 / 90 / 35 / 577 / 1007
15-20 / 98 / 43 / 663 / 1124
20-30 / 74 / 36 / 501 / 837
30-40 / 35 / 20 / 283 / 421
Grubber / 0-5 / 130 / 45 / 861 / 1431
5-10 / 98 / 38 / 749 / 1249
10-15 / 76 / 34 / 624 / 1016
15-20 / 76 / 36 / 622 / 963
20-30 / 79 / 45 / 685 / 1021
30-40 / 62 / 45 / 533 / 720
No tillage / 0-5 / 117 / 33 / 797 / 1325
5-10 / 101 / 37 / 728 / 1184
10-15 / 82 / 41 / 598 / 941
15-20 / 79 / 42 / 570 / 906
20-30 / 64 / 27 / 497 / 797
30-40 / 29 / 18 / 263 / 378
Grombach / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 69 / 28 / 492 / 862
5-10 / 65 / 25 / 491 / 839
10-15 / 63 / 25 / 488 / 830
15-20 / 59 / 26 / 446 / 764
20-30 / 54 / 20 / 445 / 740
30-40 / 39 / 18 / 326 / 313
Grubber / 0-5 / 81 / 21 / 548 / 894
5-10 / 71 / 24 / 526 / 844
10-15 / 57 / 23 / 446 / 702
15-20 / 48 / 19 / 393 / 600
20-30 / 60 / 20 / 430 / 652
30-40 / 24 / 15 / 210 / 358
No tillage / 0-5 / 110 / 27 / 795 / 1344
5-10 / 79 / 26 / 592 / 1013
10-15 / 52 / 21 / 406 / 677
15-20 / 57 / 23 / 428 / 724
20-30 / 44 / 20 / 346 / 577
30-40 / 17 / 14 / 153 / 272

SupplementaryTable 3b. The effect of different tillage treatments on the distribution of soil amino sugar contents at varying soil depths and investigation sites.

Site / Treatment / Depth / MurN / ManN / GalN / GluN
(cm) / (µg g-1) / (µg g-1) / (µg g-1) / (µg g-1)
Lüttewitz / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 46 / 20 / 349 / 589
5-10 / 47 / 20 / 371 / 621
10-15 / 51 / 21 / 387 / 693
15-20 / 51 / 21 / 388 / 653
20-30 / 48 / 22 / 429 / 698
30-40 / 26 / 16 / 233 / 397
Grubber / 0-5 / 72 / 17 / 528 / 996
5-10 / 76 / 23 / 592 / 1101
10-15 / 55 / 19 / 433 / 785
15-20 / 40 / 14 / 339 / 586
20-30 / 37 / 12 / 302 / 542
30-40 / 20 / 10 / 180 / 340
No tillage / 0-5 / 77 / 19 / 644 / 1062
5-10 / 65 / 21 / 588 / 939
10-15 / 38 / 16 / 371 / 586
15-20 / 33 / 15 / 338 / 522
20-30 / 33 / 16 / 270 / 498
30-40 / 15 / 10 / 137 / 256
Zschortau / Mouldboard / 0-5 / 54 / 14 / 358 / 716
5-10 / 54 / 14 / 366 / 728
10-15 / 47 / 12 / 322 / 644
15-20 / 49 / 16 / 345 / 696
20-30 / 50 / 17 / 352 / 697
30-40 / 41 / 20 / 305 / 569
Grubber / 0-5 / 79 / 19 / 460 / 906
5-10 / 73 / 18 / 426 / 849
10-15 / 75 / 19 / 430 / 849
15-20 / 64 / 17 / 401 / 770
20-30 / 46 / 15 / 301 / 558
30-40 / 22 / 10 / 150 / 315
No tillage / 0-5 / 85 / 17 / 577 / 1018
5-10 / 75 / 14 / 541 / 942
10-15 / 58 / 12 / 409 / 722
15-20 / 50 / 14 / 339 / 598
20-30 / 46 / 11 / 316 / 553
30-40 / 24 / 9 / 177 / 323