NAME ______DATE ______

Biological Studies: Semester 1 Exam Study Guide

Chapter 1:

1.  (1.1) Define Biology:

2.  (1.1) Careers in Biology

3.  (1.1) Factors of Living things

4.  (1.2) Metric System & Prefixes

5.  (1.2) Scientific Theory

6.  (1.3) Qualitative vs. Quantitative

7.  (1.3) Steps of the scientific method

Chapter 2: Principles of Ecology

1.  (2.1) Define Ecology:

2.  (2.1) Levels of biological organization – organism to biosphere

3.  (2.1) A ______is where an animal lives. A ______is the role or position the organism plays in its habitat, such as predator. When habitats and niches overlap, organisms must ______for the same resources.

4.  (2.1) The parts of the environment include both ______(living) and ______(non-living) factors. An example of a living factor would be ______, and a non-living factor would be ______.

5.  (2.1) Which would be an abiotic factor for a tree in the forest?

a.  a caterpillar eating its leaves

b.  wind blowing through its branches

c.  a bird nesting in its branches

d.  fungus growing on its roots

6.  (2.1) Predator vs. Prey

7.  (2.1) Identify, define, and give an example of each of the three relationships found in a community.

Name / Definition / Example

8.  (2.1) An insect gathers pollens and nectar for food from a plant, but at the same time is aiding in the plant’s reproduction. What does this relationship demonstrate?

a.  predation

b.  commensalism

c.  mutualism

d.  parasitism

9.  (2.1) What term best describes the bee’s role of gathering pollen?

a.  niche

b.  predator

c.  parasite

d.  habitat

10.  (2.1) Herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, detrivore

11.  (2.2) Members of a food chain

a.  Autotroph

b.  Heterotroph

12.  (2.2) Identify the following as a food chain or food web, and explain the difference between them.

13.  (2.2) Trophic level

14.  (2.2) Food web dynamics (flow of energy)

15.  (2.2) How does energy first enter a pond ecosystem?

a.  through growth of algae

b.  through light from the sun

c.  through decay of dead fish

d.  through runoff from fields

16.  (2.2) Which statement is true about energy in an ecosystem?

a.  energy for an ecosystem originates from the sun

b.  energy most often is released as light from an ecosystem

c.  energy flows from heterotrophs and autotrophs

d.  energy levels increase toward the top of the food chain

17.  (2.3) List the steps of each cycle –

a.  Water:

b.  Carbon:

Chapter 3: Communities, Biomes, & Ecosystems

1.  (3.1) Limiting factors

2.  (3.1) Zones of tolerance

3.  (3.1) Primary vs. Secondary succession

4.  (3.1) Pioneer species and their role

Chapter 4: Population Ecology

1.  (4.1) population dispersion

2.  (4.1) population characteristics

3.  (4.1) density independent vs. density dependent

4. (4.1) Which of the following is a density-independent factor?

a.  a severe drought

b.  an intestinal parasite

c.  a fatal virus

d.  severe overcrowding

5.  (4.1) spatial distribution

Label and draw each form of spatial distribution.

1. ______2. ______3. ______

6.  (4.1) What is the dispersion pattern of a herding animals, birds that flock together, and fish that form schools?

a.  clumped

b.  random

c.  uniform

d.  unpredictable

7.  (4.1) r-strategist vs. k-strategist

RATE
CARRYING CAPACITY

8.  (4.1) If angelfish produce hundreds of young several times a year, which statement below is true?

a.  angelfish have a k-strategy reproductive pattern

b.  angelfish have an r-strategy reproductive pattern

c.  angelfish probably have a low mortality rate

d.  angelfish provide a lot of care for their young

9.  (4.1) growth rate calculation

10.  (4.1) emigration vs. immigration

Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Conservation

1.  (5.1) Extinction factors

2.  (5.1) biodiversity

3.  (5.1) In which location would you expect to find greater species diversity?

a.  Canada

b.  Costa Rica

c.  Mexico

d.  United States

4.  (5.1) genetic diversity, species diversity, ecosystem diversity

5.  (5.2) Threats to biodiversity

6.  (5.2) biological magnification

7.  (5.3) renewable vs. nonrenewable resources

8.  (5.3) bioremediation vs. biological augmentation

9. (5.3) sustainable use

Chapter 6: Chemistry in Biology

1.  (6.1) element

2.  (6.1) subatomic particles and charges

3.  (6.1) isotope

4.  (6.1) ion

5.  (6.1) van der Waals occur when:

a.  a positive atom and a negative atom bond

b.  two oppositely charged molecules are bonded

c.  two atoms share electrons

d.  two compounds with opposite charges bond

6.  (6.1) Label each as a covalent bond or ionic bond and explain the difference

7.  (6.2) chemical reaction, reactants, and products

8.  (6.2) Is the following equation balanced? YES/NO

CH4 + 2O2 à CO2 + 2H2O

9.  (6.2) activation energy and enzymes

10.  (6.2) Catalysts and enzymes help:

a.  Create more product in the reaction

b.  Endothermic reactions release heat

c.  Decompose the reactants

d.  Speed up reaction time

11.  (6.2) substrates and active sites

12.  (6.2) Label the following picture.

13.  (6.2) endothermic vs. exothermic reactions

14.  (6.3) water polarity

15.  (6.3) acid vs. base

16.  (6.3) Acid solutions are produced by the release of ______ions

a.  Potassium

b.  Hydrogen

c.  Oxygen

d.  Sodium

17.  (6.4) carbon atom

18.  (6.4) basic types of organic compounds

Chapter 7: Cellular Structure & Function

1. (7.1) Label each cell as prokaryotic or eukaryotic and explain the difference between them.

2.  (7.1) cell theory

3.  (7.2) plasma membrane structure

4.  (7.2) selective permeability

5.  (7.3) label the following as plant cell or animal cell and explain the difference between them.

6.  (7.3) mitochondria

7.  (7.3) endoplasmic reticulum

8.  (7.4) diffusion vs. osmosis

9.  (7.4) dynamic equilibrium

Chapter 8: Cellular Energy

1. (8.1) ATP

2.  (8.2) photosynthesis equation

3.  (8.2) chlorophyll

4.  (8.3) respiration equation

5.  (8.3) fermentation

6. (8.3) aerobic vs. anaerobic