AP Bio Molecular Genetics Review Sheet
Chapter 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20
What is a phage, transformation, DNA, Griffith, and Avery? (What do they have to do with each other?)
What was determined directly from X-Ray diffraction photographs of DNA?
What is required when replicating the Lagging strand of DNA?
What is the primary transcript of eukaryotic genes?
Can you use a table of codons to derive a DNA sequence? Amino acid sequence?
What prevents mRNA from degrading?
If you remove nucleic acid molecules and capsid units from a cell infected with Tobacco Mosaic Virus, then spray it on tobacco plants, what do you expect to happen next?
What is the most common source for diversity in a bacterial colony?
The fundamental form of chromatin is what?
Antibody diversity is due to what?
What are the characteristics of the p53 gene?
Tobacco Mosaic Virus has RNA rather then DNA. If you mixed RNA from TMV is mixed with proteins from a related DNA virus. If the resulting hybrid virus were to infect a cell what would the offspring viruses be like?
What is the function of DNA polymerase?
What mechanism ensures that DNA replication is accurate?
If UUU codes for phenylalanine in bacteria then what should UUU code for in plants?
When a ribosome first attaches to an mRNA molecule one tRNA binds to the ribosome the tRNA that recognizes the initiation codon also binds to what?
What is the differences in life cycle between virulent phages and temperate phages?
The alteration of a cell’s genotype by the uptake of naked, foreign DNA from surrounding environments is called what?
What would happen to a cell that could not produce histone proteins?
Muscle cells and nerve cells in an organism owe their differences in structure to what?
Trick question—about DNA insertion and restriction enzymes. Read about in the book and hope for the best.
What does transformation involve in bacteria?
If radioactive sulfur (35S) is used in a culture medium of bacteria that contains phage viruses where would you expect the sulfur to appear later?
Which nucleotides match with which nucleotides? What is the main rule about nucleotide composition of DNA?
What does it mean when you say that the strands that make up DNA are antiparallel?
What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication?
What is the similarity between DNA and RNA?
How do you know the total number of amino acids that can be coded for by genetic code? What could you do to figure out the number of amino acids for a new DNA that has a different number of bases and different base sequences (i.e. 3 DNA bases instead of 4 and quadruplets instead of triplets for its base sequence)?
Where is the attachment site for RNA polymerase?
Why are introns significant to biological evolution?
What is typically the most common type of mutation?
What determines the host range for viruses?
What are prions?
What can a composite transposon do?
After transcription what is a possible step to in the control of gene expression?
What is the order of organization of DNA in the nucleus? (Think about the junk in the trunk.)
What is most of the DNA in eukaryotes is called what?
What controls gene regulation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Why does the incidence of cancer increase with age?