Europe and the World Rebuild After the French Revolution and Napoleon
Chapter 20 Teacher Notes
1. Diagnosing the Problem
- when Napoleon was defeated (the 1st and 2nd time) the leaders of the coalition that defeated him tried to rebuild Europe (and the world) so that would never happen again. – Congress of Vienna in 1815
- diagnosed the problem/cause as the spread of the dangerous ideas of the Enlightenment like equality, liberty, democracy.
- therefore saw their job as designing a system to stop the spread.
2. The Revolution in the Caribbean and South America
- These men not only saw this effecting Europe but looked out at the rest of the world and saw examples of the dangers of the Enlightenment.
- Haiti
- A sugar-planation based on slave labor. The D of the Rights of Man and the Citizen instituted the vote to all free man (race does not matter). This is resisted by the white plantation owners. Results in a general uprising.
- Led by Toussaint L’Ouverture a former slave who espouses the ideals of the Enlightenment
- dies in French prison in 1803
- Declares independence in 1804
- South America
- Independence is led by two people
- In northern South America (1811-1820)– Simon Bolivar “The Liberator”
- Wanted to set-up a “Federation of the Andes” but
infighting broke-up the area into several countries.
- In southern South America (1816) – Jose de San Martin
- Fights 1st in Argentina then Chile
- Has a meeting with Bolivar – leaves SA to never return.
3. Rebuilding Europe – Congress in Vienna
- In Europe the victors of Europe meet in Vienna to redraw/rebuild Europe in 1815
- Prince Klemens von Metternich – from Austria emerges as the key conservative leader during these negotiations
- distrusted democracy and wanted to restore the balance of power, peace and old monarch
- make sure France never threatened the rest of Europe again
- Concert of Europe: Agreements between the victors in the Napoleonic Wars to come to each other’s assistance if threatened by internal or external proponents of Enlightenment ideals
- Redrew map of Europe to strengthen the countries surrounding Europe to contain it.
- The domination of reactionary ideals – return Europe to pre-1789