Prison Bowl V
Questions written and edited by Hunter College High School (Mehnaj Ahmed, Lily Chen, York Chen, William Dou, Matthew Gurevitch, Willie Ha, Sarah Hamerling, Sophey Ho, Brent Morden, Alex Moschetti, Paul Moschetti, Tenzin Norzin, Wilton Rao, Karina Xie, David Xu, Richard Yu, Marianna Zhang, Zihan Zheng).
Round 02 – Tossups
1. Mordehai Milgrom modified this man’s theories in an attempt to explain the galaxy rotation problem without using dark matter. A law named after this man states that a body’s rate of heat loss is proportional to the temperature difference between the body and the environment. He demonstrated that white light is made up of the full spectrum of colors in his treatise Opticks. He gives his name to a kilogram-meter per second squared, the SI unit of force, and he stated that “Fequals m a.” For 10 points, name this British physicist who names three laws of motion and may have been hit by a falling apple.
ANSWER: Sir Isaac Newton<LC>
2. The first biography of this figure was written by Maximus the Confessor. After a two-week fast, an Orthodox feast celebrates the dormition of this figure, who also spoke the words of a text often sung in the Liturgy of the Hours and at Vespers. That text contains the line “my soul doth magnify the lord” and is called the Magnificat. Pope Pius IX in the encyclical Ineffabilis Deus codified the belief that this figure was “free from all stain.” Along with the use of the word “theotokos” and belief in the Assumption, the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception concerns this figure. For 10 points, name this woman, the mother of Jesus Christ.
ANSWER: the Virgin Mary[accept Miryamor Maryamor Madonna] <RY>
3. This organization was a party to a 2006 Supreme Court case in which its facial challenge to a New Hampshire law was invalidated. Indiana representative Bob Morris alleged that the Girl Scouts, with its recent gay-friendly policy, is a branch of this organization. Mayor Michael Bloomberg of New York City donated 250,000 dollars to this group to recoup lost funding. In light of recent controversy involving this organization, Karen Handel resigned from her post as vice president of Susan G. Komen for the Cure. For 10 points, name this organization founded by Margaret Sanger that provides low-cost health care including birth control and abortions.
ANSWER: Planned ParenthoodFederation of America, Inc. <MA>
4. This leader incorporated some Sherden people, one of the earliest groups of Sea Peoples, into his personal bodyguard. In one battle, this leader was forced back to the Orontes River after his forces were distracted with looting the enemy camp. He nonetheless had to retreat south to Canaan, and negotiated peace 15 years after that battle with Hattusili III, a brother of Muwatalli II, who later became the ruler of the Hittites. This ruler fought in the largest chariot battle in history, at Kadesh. For 10 points, name this Egyptian pharaoh who is sometimes called Ozymandias.
ANSWER: Ramesses II [or Ramesses the Great; accept Ozymandias before it is read] <RY>
5. This philosopher claimed that human emotions are governed by the same rules as natural occurrences, and that people must strive to become independent of their passions. “On Human Bondage” is part of a larger work in which he equated Nature with God, which is the only substance. He described modes that are “in” God, leading to the assertion that God is infinite, in a work named after the discipline that studies right conduct. For 10 points, name this rationalist philosopher and author of Ethics who was the subject of a cherem that banned him from the Jewish community.
ANSWER: Baruch Spinoza<MA/MZ>
6. In one work by this author, a sacred veil is stolen from the temple of Tanit with the help of the slave Spendius. That novel ends with Matho’s torture and execution as well as the death of the title daughter of Hamilcar Barca. This author of Salammbowrote about Louise Roque’s marriage to Charles Deslauriers in a novel including Marie Arnoux’s affair with Frederic Moreau. In his most famous work, this author ofSentimental Educationwrote about the numerous affairs of Charles’s wife Emma. For 10 points, name this author of Madame Bovary.
ANSWER: Gustave Flaubert<YC>
7. During the Revolutionary War, this state was the site of a failed attempt by John Sullivan to recapture Aquidneck Island. This state was the site of the Great Swamp Fight, and later saw the death of the Wampanoag leader Metacomet in King Philip’s War. It also saw an incident where the Sons of Liberty raided and burned the grounded HMS Gaspée. Samuel Ward King opposed electoral reform in this state, leading to the Dorr Rebellion, and it was home to the Narragansetts. For 10 points, name this state founded by an exile from Massachusetts, Roger Williams, who named it after a Greek island.
ANSWER: State of Rhode Islandand Providence Plantations<RY>
8. This man composed a ballet about the title necromancer in Grohg. A movement titled “Corral Nocturne” in one of his works makes heavy use of the oboe and bassoon. He included Camptown Races along with excerpts of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln Portrait. Another piece of his depicts pioneers trekking westward and follows the life of Billy the Kid. He included the Shaker melody “Simple Gifts” in one work, while another opens with “Buckaroo Holiday” and closes with the famous “Hoe-down.” For 10 points, name this 20th century American composer of Appalachian Spring, Fanfare for the Common Man and Rodeo.
ANSWER: Aaron Copland <BM>
9. One character in this play draws an analogy to an “unstanched wench,” and some of its characters had previously attended Claribel’s wedding to the king of Tunis. Some of the nobles’ speeches in this play paraphrase Montaigne’s “On Cannibals.” Stephano and Trinculo give alcohol to a native of this play’s setting, who is the son of the witch Sycorax. In this play, one character claims “we are such stuff / as dreams are made on,” and celebrates the marriage of Ferdinand to his daughter Miranda. The air spirit Ariel and the native Caliban are servants to Prospero, who conjures up the title storm in, for 10 points, what play by Shakespeare?
ANSWER: The Tempest<MAG>
10. A solution of chromic acid in this substance is used in the Jones oxidation, and this compound occurs naturally as a by-product of fatty acid breakdown. Useful as a solvent because it is miscible with water, this substance is also used as a cooling bath of negative 78 degrees Celsius when mixed with dry ice. It is typically produced via oxidation of isopropanol, which gives a carbonyl in place of the hydroxyl on the second carbon. It is commonly used to clean laboratory glassware. For 10 points, name this substance found in nail polish remover, the simplest ketone.
ANSWER: acetone[accept 2-propanoneor dimethylketone]<LC>
11. The symmetry group of this figure is O(2,R) (“oh two R”). It has constant finite curvature, and the power-of-a-point theorem relates the lengths of certain line segments constructed relative to a point and one of these figures. The shortest path between two points on a sphere is along a “great” one of these. These conic sections with eccentricity 0 can be graphed parametrically as “xequals rcosine theta” and “yequals rsine theta,” or in polar coordinates as “requals a constant.” The equation “xsquared plus ysquared equals 1” describes the “unit” one of these. For 10 points, name this figure consisting of points equidistant from the center.
ANSWER: circles <LC>
12. Zebulon Brockway wrote about his 50 years of service in one of these institutions, and Cesare Beccaria called for their reform. One work about these “complete and austere institutions” discussed the “unequal gaze” caused by the observation booth at the center of a circular one of these institutions. Riots and violence forced the early end of an experiment simulating one of these institutions conducted by Philip Zimbardo at Stanford University, in which subjects were divided into guards and inmates. For 10 points, name these institutions in which criminals are incarcerated.
ANSWER: prisons [accept jails, penitentiaries or reasonable equivalents] <LC>
13. In one novel by this author, Letty Gerald draws Lester Kane’s attention away from the title character, who bears a daughter Vesta after the Senator George Brander dies. This author created a character who moves in with her sister Minnie and her husband Sven Hanson in Chicago. This author of Jennie Gerhardtdescribed Charles Drouet’s relationship with Caroline Meeber in one work, while in another of his works, the protagonist allows Roberta Alden to drown in a lake. The creator of Clyde Griffiths, for 10 points, name this author of Sister Carrieand An American Tragedy.
ANSWER: Theodore Dreiser<YC>
14. In ancient times this country was home to the Molossian Greeks, who were at times invaded by rulers like Bardyllis of Illyria. The League of Lezhë (“le-juh”) in this country won the Battle of Torvioll and resisted the Ottomans until the death of its leader, Skanderbeg, and Egyptian pasha Muhammad Ali’s ancestry was from this country. Its King Zog was deposed by Mussolini, who attempted to invade Greece from this country, and it was formerly ruled by the communist dictator Enver Hoxha (“ho-sha”). This country shares its main ethnic group with neighboring Kosovo. For 10 points, name this Muslim-majority country with capital at Tirana.
ANSWER: Albania[accept Shqiperia] <RY>
15. Some members of this phylum have magnetite-coated teeth and eight overlapping shell plates, while others are covered in photophores and can turn themselves inside out. Members of this phylum have a sense organ called the osphradia, and an odontophore supporting a radula. They were the first to develop an efficient excretory system. Other features of this phylum include muscular feet, which may secrete mucus, and a mantle, which may secrete a shell. For 10 points, name this phylum containing bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods, which includes animals like snails, squids and clams.
ANSWER: mollusks [accept mollusca]<WR>
16. This architect proposed bulldozing part of Paris for a failed project intended to house 3 million people. He later executed smaller-scale urban planning in the form of “unités” throughout Europe, including the Cité d’Habitation in Marseilles. Another project of his was the Open Hand Monument in Chandigarh. His style is marked by ground-level piers that create a floating impression, and he designed a chapel with a billowing roof in Ronchamp. He outlined Five Points in his Towards a New Architecture,and described houses as “machines for living.” For 10 points, name this architect of Notre-Dame du Haut and Villa Savoye.
ANSWER: Le Corbusier[accept Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris] <MZ>
17. Operation Musketeer was launched against this man, who denounced the Baghdad Pact, also known as CENTO. He sent a military force to aid the Republicans in the North Yemen Civil War. With Syria, he founded a short-lived United Arab Republic, and he imprisoned Sayyed Qutb, the leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. Earlier, as leader of the Free Officers Movement, he had overthrown King Farouk. This man built the Aswan High Dam, and he attempted to take the Suez Canal back from the British. For 10 points name this man who led his country during the Six-Day War and founded modern Egypt.
ANSWER: Gamel Abdel NasserHussein<RY>
18. Early in this work, a man from the Ministry of Rites declares that women should not be too scholarly. This work which contains the section “Appraisal of Women on a Rainy Night” features a protagonist who writes a poem comparing a love interest to a molted cicada shell and attempts to adopt a 10 year old whom he eventually marries. Among the many women the protagonist seduces are his stepmother Lady Fujitsubo, which annoys his first wife Lady Aoi. For 10 points, name this early novel set during the Heian period by Lady Murasaki.
ANSWER: The Tale of Genji<YC>
19. The Czech branch of this movement included the sculptor Otto Guttfreund. One painter in this style, Fernand Léger, had his cylindrical shapes mocked by Louis Vauxcelles, who coined both “fauvism” and this term. Juan Gris painted a portrait of this movement’s founder. It was strongly influenced by a painting depicting a small town beneath Mont Sainte-Victoire by Cezanne. Works like Still-life with Chair Caning and Three Musicians were part of its late “synthetic” school, dominated by the artist of Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. For 10 points, name this artistic movement founded by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso.
ANSWER: Cubism [prompt on “Tubism” if the buzz is on “Fernand Léger”] <RY>
20. This figure was taught by Chiron, but accidentally shot him with a poisoned arrow while trying to drive away a herd of centaurs. His wife Deianira gave him a shirt poisoned with the blood of Nessus, leading to his death. This figure killed a Libyan giant, Antaeus, by lifting him from the ground and bearhugging him to death. This son of Zeus killed his first wife Megara and their children in a fit of madness. He kissed and killed Hippolyta for her girdle, and rerouted a river to clear the Augean stables. For 10 points, name this demigod who killed the Hydra as part of his Twelve Labors.
ANSWER: Heracles[accept Hercules] <WD>
TB. This process can be detected using nick-end labeling in the TUNEL assay. During this process, phos·pha·tidyl·serine becomes exposed to the cell surface and “laddering” is observed. It is triggered by BAK and BAX, and opposed by Bcl-2. Initiated by the binding of a Fas ligand, which activates caspases, it is triggered by p53 if DNA is damaged beyond repair. During this process, the cell membrane blebs, DNA breaks down, and the nucleus becomes fragmented. In the human body, its failure results in conjoined fingers or toes. For 10 points, name this biological process of programmed cell death.
ANSWER: apoptosis(“a-puh-to-sis”) [prompt on “programmedcell death” before it is mentioned] <BM>
Round 02 – Bonuses
1. In this poem, the author is met with the divine as “a motion and a spirit, that impels all thinking things.” For 10 points each:
[10] Name this poem in blank verse in which the author visits and describes the title location near the bank of the Wye River.
ANSWER: "Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey on revisiting the banks of the Wye during a tour. 13 July 1798"
[10] This British poet of “Tintern Abbey” addresses his sister Dorothy in the poem and is also known for the joint publication Lyrical Ballads and his poem “The Prelude.”
ANSWER: William Wordsworth
[10] Wordsworth wrote this collection of five poems about the title figure when he lived in Germany. Some poems in this collection include “A slumber did my spirit seal” and “She dwelt among the untrodden ways.”
ANSWER: Lucy poems <BM>
2. They can be single-walled or multi-walled, and may be metallic or semiconducting depending on atomic structure. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this form of carbon with a long, hollow cylindrical structure. These molecules are valued for their high tensile strength.
ANSWER: carbon nanotubes
[10] Carbon atoms in nanotubes have this hybridization, which is also found in graphene, benzene, and ethylene. Atoms with this hybridization can have up to one pi bond and are typically trigonal planar.
ANSWER: sp2(“s p two”)
[10] This term refers to the multiple distinct forms in which a chemical element can exist in the same state of matter. Examples for carbon include diamond, graphite, and fullerenes.
ANSWER: allotropes <LC>
3. These officials had no imperium and no lictor bodyguards, although Domitian declared himself a “perpetual” one. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this office of the Roman Republic that was responsible for maintaining public morals, and gave its name to the modern act of filtering certain information out of documents.
ANSWER: censor
[10] This was the highest elected office of the Republic, and was held by men such as Marius, Sulla, and Caesar. Two people held this office simultaneously, and each had veto power over the other.
ANSWER: consul
[10] This official title actually referred to two offices, one of whom gave a yearly legal edict and presided over civil cases in Rome, while the other served as a military leader outside of Rome.
ANSWER: praetor<RY>
4. At the end of a conversation, the protagonist kisses Sybil’s foot. For 10 points each:
[10] In this short story, Seymour Glass discusses the title animal with Sybil before returning to his hotel and committing suicide next to his sleeping wife Muriel.
ANSWER: “A Perfect Day for Bananafish”
[10] This writer included “Teddy” and “A Perfect Day for Bananafish” in Nine Stories and also wrote about Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye.
ANSWER: Jerome David Salinger
[10] In this short story from Nine Stories, the title character requests Sergeant X write her a story after they meet in a tearoom in Britain. Upon his deployment to combat, she sends him a letter and her father’s wristwatch.
ANSWER: “For Esme- with Love and Squalor” <MZ>