Authority to Construct

Application Review

Diesel-Fired Emergency IC Engine

Facility Name: / [Facility Name] / Date: / [Date]
Mailing Address: / [Mailing Address]
[City, State Zip] / Engineer: / [Engineer]
Lead Engineer: / [Lead Engineer]
Contact Person: / [Contact’s Name]
Telephone: / [Telephone Number]
Application #: / [ATC Number(s)]
Project #: / [Project Number]

I. Proposal

[Facility Name] is proposing to install a diesel-fired emergency internal combustion (IC) engine powering [brief description of equipment].

II. Applicable Rules

Rule 2201 New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule (6/21/01)

Rule 4101 Visible Emissions (11/15/01)

Rule 4102 Nuisance (12/17/92)

Rule 4201 Particulate Matter Concentration (12/17/92)

Rule 4701 Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (11/12/98)

Rule 4801 Sulfur Compounds (12/17/92)

CH&SC 42301.6

III. Project Location

The equipment will be operated at [Street address and city or UTM Coordinates]. The applicant states that the equipment is [not] located within 1,000 feet of a K-12 school.

IV. Process Description

The emergency engine powers [brief description of equipment]. Other than emergency operation, the engine may be operated up to [200] hours per year for maintenance and testing purposes.

V. Equipment Listing

[ATC Number(s)]: ### hp [manufacturer make and model] diesel-fired emergency IC engine powering [brief description of equipment].

VI. Emission Control Technology Evaluation

The engine is equipped with:

[ ] Turbocharger

[ ] Intercooler/aftercooler

[ ] Injection timing retard (or equivalent per District Policy SSP 1805)

[ ] Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) or 90% efficient control device

[ ] This engine is required to be, and is UL certified

[ ] Catalytic particulate filter

[ ] Low (0.05%) sulfur diesel

[ ] Very Low (0.0015%) sulfur diesel

[ ] High (0.5%) sulfur diesel

The emission control devices/technologies and their effect on diesel engine emissions detailed below are from Non-catalytic NOx Control of Stationary Diesel Engines, by Don Koeberlein, CARB.

[Delete the following if equipment/technology is not proposed or required]

The turbocharger reduces the NOx emission rate from the engine by approximately 10% by increasing the efficiency and promoting more complete burning of the fuel.

The intercooler/aftercooler functions in conjunction with the turbocharger to reduce the inlet air temperature. By reducing the inlet air temperature, the peak combustion temperature is lowered, which reduces the formation of thermal NOx. NOx emissions are reduced by approximately 15% with this control technology.

Retarding the fuel injection timing by 4° from standard or having the fuel injection timing advanced to no greater than 16° before top dead center (BTDC) lowers the peak combustion temperature and reduces the formation of thermal NOx. NOx emissions are reduced by approximately 15% with this control technology.

The PCV system reduces crankcase VOC and PM10 emissions by at least 90% over an uncontrolled crankcase vent.

The particulate filter reduces exhaust stack PM10 emissions by at least 90%.

The use of low sulfur (0.05% by weight sulfur maximum) diesel fuel reduces SOx emissions by approximately 90% from standard diesel fuel.

The use of very low sulfur (0.0015% by weight sulfur maximum) diesel fuel reduces SOx emissions by over 99% from standard diesel fuel.

VII. General Calculations

A. Assumptions

operating schedule: [24] hours/day, [200] hours/year

(maximum non-emergency use)

density of diesel fuel: 7.1 lb/gal

EPA F-factor: 9,190 dscf/MMBtu

fuel heating value: 137,000 Btu/gal

BHP to Btu/hr conversion: 2,542.5 Btu/hphr

thermal efficiency of engine : commonly » 35%

B. Emission Factors

[List emission factors and source. If not available, use the applicable AP-42 emission factors below:]

IC Engine Emission Factors / Source
NOx / ## g/hphr / Engine Manufacture
SOx / 0.171 g/hphr / Mass Balance Equation Below
PM10 / ## g/hphr / ARB/EPA Certification
CO / 3.03 g/hphr / AP-42 (10/96) Table 3.3-1
VOC / 1.14 g/hphr / AP-42 (10/96) Table 3.3-1
0.05 %S / / 0.171 /

[Add the following section if the engine is equipped with a PCV and AP-42 is used.]

According to AP-42, the use of a PCV valve reduces VOC emissions to 1.12 g/hphr.

C. Potential to Emit (PE)

The daily, annual and quarterly PE are calculated as follows:

Daily Emissions
NOx / ## / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 24 / (hr/day) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0.0 / (lb/day)
SOx / 0.171 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 24 / (hr/day) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0.0 / (lb/day)
PM10 / ## / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 24 / (hr/day) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0.0 / (lb/day)
CO / 3.03 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 24 / (hr/day) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0.0 / (lb/day)
VOC / 1.14 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 24 / (hr/day) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0.0 / (lb/day)
Annual Emissions
NOx / ## / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 200 / (hr/yr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/yr)
SOx / 0.171 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 200 / (hr/yr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/yr)
PM10 / ## / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 200 / (hr/yr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/yr)
CO / 3.03 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 200 / (hr/yr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/yr)
VOC / 1.14 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 200 / (hr/yr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/yr)
Quarterly Emissions
NOx / ## / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 50 / (hr/qtr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/qtr)
SOx / 0.171 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 50 / (hr/qtr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/qtr)
PM10 / ## / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 50 / (hr/qtr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/qtr)
CO / 3.03 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 50 / (hr/qtr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/qtr)
VOC / 1.14 / (g/hphr) x / ### / (hp) x / 50 / (hr/qtr) ¸ 453.6 (g/lb) = / 0 / (lb/qtr)

D. Increase in Permitted Emissions (IPE)

1. Annual IPE

The Annual IPE for this engine is the same as the Annual PE posted in Section VII.C above.

IPE (lb/yr) = IPE (lb/day) * 365 (days/yr)

Pollutant / IPE [lb/year]
NOx / 0
SOx / 0
PM10 / 0
CO / 0
VOC / 0

2. Quarterly IPE

The Quarterly IPE for this emissions unit is required for the emission profile. The Quarterly IPE for this engine is the same as the Quarterly PE posted in Section VII.C above.

The Quarterly IPE for this emissions unit is required for the emission profile.

IPE (lb/qtr) = IPE (lb/yr) ¸ 4 (qtr/yr)

Pollutant / IPE [lb/qtr]
NOx / 0
SOx / 0
PM10 / 0
CO / 0
VOC / 0

4. Adjusted Increase in Permitted Emissions (AIPE)

The AIPE is used to determine if BACT is required for emission units which are being modified. Since this is a new engine, the BACT requirements are based on the daily IPE calculated above. Therefore, the AIPE will not be calculated.

The AIPE is used to determine if BACT is required for emissions units that are being modified. Since this project modifies an existing permit unit, the AIPE will be calculated.

Adjusted Potential to Emit (AIPE) Calculations:

AIPE = PE2 – HAPE where,

AIPE = Adjusted Increase in Permitted Emissions, lb/day.

PE2 = the emissions units post project Potential to Emit, lb/day.

HAPE = the emissions unit’s Historically Adjusted Potential to Emit, lb/day.

Historically Adjusted Potential to Emit (HAPE) Calculations:

HAPE = PE1 x (EF2 / EF1) where,

PE1 = The emissions unit’s Potential to Emit prior to modification or relocation.

EF2 = The emissions unit’s permitted emission factor for the pollutant after modification or relocation. If EF2 is greater than EF1 then EF2/EF1 shall be set to 1.

EF1 = The emissions unit’s permitted emission factor for the pollutant before the modification or relocation.

AIPE (lb/day) = PE2 (lb/day) – [PE1 (lb/day) x (EF2 / EF1)]

Pollutant / PE2 [lb/day] / PE1 [lb/day] / AIPE [lb/day]
NOx / 0 / 0 / 0
SOx / 0 / 0 / 0
PM10 / 0 / 0 / 0
CO / 0 / 0 / 0
VOC / 0 / 0 / 0

E. Facility Emissions

1. Pre-Project Stationary Source Potential to Emit (SSPE1)

Since this is a new facility, the SSPE1 will be equal to zero.

Detailed SSPE1 calculations are presented in Appendix B of this report.

SSPE1
NOx / ## lb/year
SOx / ## lb/year
PM10 / ## lb/year
CO / ## lb/year
VOC / ## lb/year

2. Post-Project Stationary Source Potential to Emit (SSPE2)

SSPE2
SSPE1 / Annual Emissions / SSPE2
NOx / 0 / lb/year + / 0 / lb/year / = / 0 / lb/year
SOx / 0 / lb/year + / 0 / lb/year / = / 0 / lb/year
PM10 / 0 / lb/year + / 0 / lb/year / = / 0 / lb/year
CO / 0 / lb/year + / 0 / lb/year / = / 0 / lb/year
VOC / 0 / lb/year + / 0 / lb/year / = / 0 / lb/year

3. SSIPE

The SSIPE is the same as the Annual Emissions posted in Section VII.C above.

The SSIPE is the same as the Annual Increase in Permitted Emissions posted in Section VII.D.2 above.

4. Baseline Emissions

Since emergency IC engines are exempt from the offsetting requirements of Rule 2201, the Baseline Emissions calculations are not necessary.

5. Contemporaneous Increase in Permitted Emissions (CIPE)

This facility is [not] an existing major source (see Section VII.E.2 below).

Therefore the CIPE is required to determine if the Title I Modification is triggered. The CIPE calculations and the results are included in Appendix D of this report

The CIPE is required for existing Major Sources to determine if the Title I Modification is triggered. Since this is not a Major Source, the CIPE will not be calculated.

VIII. Compliance

Rule 2201 New and Modified Stationary Source Review Rule

A. Best Available Control Technology (BACT)

1. BACT Applicability

BACT requirements are triggered on a pollutant-by-pollutant basis and on an emissions unit-by-emissions unit basis for the following: (1) Any new emissions unit with a potential to emit exceeding two pounds in any one day, (2) The relocation from one Stationary Source to another of an existing emissions unit with a potential to emit exceeding two pounds in any one day, and (3) Modifications to an existing emissions unit with a valid Permit to Operate resulting in an Adjusted Increase in Permitted Emissions (AIPE) exceeding two pounds in any one day.*

* Except for CO emissions from a new or modified emissions unit at a Stationary Source with an SSPE2 of less than 200,000 pounds per year of CO.

[* Enter the appropriate paragraph:]

[* Engines < 175 hp]

BACT Guideline 3.1.1, [quarter] [year], which appears in Appendix A of this report, covers diesel-fired emergency IC engines of less than 175 horsepower.

[* Engines ³ 175 hp and < 400 hp]

BACT Guideline 3.1.2, [quarter] [year], which appears in Appendix A of this report, covers diesel-fired emergency IC engines of greater than or equal to 175 horsepower and less than 400 horsepower.

[* Engines ³ 400 hp]

BACT Guideline 3.1.3, [quarter] [year], which appears in Appendix A of this report, covers diesel-fired emergency IC engines of greater than 400 horsepower.

[* Engines Powering a Fire Pump]

BACT Guideline 3.1.4, [quarter] [year], which appears in Appendix A of this report, covers diesel-fired emergency IC engines powering a fire pump.

2. BACT Analysis

Pursuant to the BACT Analysis which appears in Appendix A of this report, BACT is satisfied with: [Delete the following if not applicable.]

Certified NOx emissions of 6.9 g/hphr or less.

The use of low sulfur fuel (0.05% sulfur by weight) or very low sulfur fuel where available.

Positive Crankcase Ventilation.

PM10 emissions of 0.1 g/hphr or less. (if TBACT is triggered)

PM10 emissions of 0.4 g/hphr or less. (if TBACT is not triggered)

CO emissions of 2.0 g/hphr or less.

B. Offsets

Since emergency IC engines are exempt from the offset requirements of Rule 2201, offsets are not required for this engine, and no further offset calculations are required.

C. Public Notification

Public noticing is required for:

a. A facility which is becoming a new Major Source,

b. Title I Modifications of an existing Major Source,

c. Any project which results in the offset thresholds being exceeded,

d. Any new emissions unit with a Potential to Emit greater than 100 pounds during any one day for any one pollutant, and/or

e. Any project with an SSIPE of greater than 20,000 lb/year for any pollutant.

1. Applicability

a. Major Source

The following table compares the pre-project and post-project facility-wide annual emissions in order to determine if the facility is already an existing Major Source or if the facility is becoming a new Major Source as the result of this project.