MINNESOTA GEOGRAPHY QUIZ 3
TORIN (17-46 + -)…..HART (42-55 & 88-103)…..CLASS LECTURES
1) Most people who established farms in Minnesota….
a. used the Homestead Act of 1862
b. bought their land from the railroad
c. had lands granted by military warrants from service in the Civil War
d. bought it first for lumber to sell and after clearing, farmed it
2) The bluff near Fontenac…
a. was used to test early flying machines
b. is the highest in the state
c. provides a view of both the Mississippi and St Croix Rivers
d. was the end of the first bridge to cross the Mississippi River
3) A cataract…
a. refers to the blind curves that paddleboats navigated
b. can cause a field mouse to have a heart attack
c. refers to a major rapids or waterfall
d. is a dam constructed to trap logs floated down a river
4) Slash…
a. is a fiddler for ‘Guns and Roses’ b. is a mark left on trees by voyageurs
c. is a scar left in the ground after mining d. is left over debris after logging
5) The last log was sawn at St Anthony Falls in…
a. 1894 b. 1919 c. 1927 d. 1953
6) Why were most settlers of Minnesota farms from Northern and Western Europe….
a. over population of the rural areas and few new local farms available
b. migration from growing large urban areas because of Industrialization
c. famines such as the one that occurred in Ireland
d. increasing unsettled political conditions that lead to World War I
7) The ‘tailsman’ of Chief Redwing
a. was buried under the sacred stone near Winona
b. today can be seen as a graphic on Minnesota’s State Flag
c. is his legacy associated with the treaty that preserved hunting and fishing rights
d. is used as a logo on pottery and shoes
8) Minnesota prairie soils generally fall under the classification of…
a. conifers b. ECS
c. mollisols d. climates that have more than 30 inches of rain per year
9) Who or what are Faith, Hope and Charity….
a. the names used for the three lock and dams on the Mississippi River
b. bluffs used for navigation by steam driven paddleboats
c. the creed used at the bottom every treaty signed in Minnesota
d. missions established by the French along the Mississippi River
10) Itasca State Park…
a. reintroduced fire to promote red and white pines
b. finally became a state park in the 1960s
c. has the only white pines left in the state
d. was totally clear cut by loggers and picked up later as tax forfeited lands
11) Today Montezuma is known as…
a. Winona b. St Peter c. Stillwater d. Minneapolis
12) Wabasha is known for all except…
a. a bald eagle center
b. the first pulp mill in the state
c. a movie about grumpy old men
d. having Minnesota’s oldest hotel
13) The ‘Big Woods’…
a. dominate the NE part of the state
b. were severely impacted by frequent wild fires that made them a savanna
c. have been completely removed and only pictures remain
d. are part of the deciduous forest biome
14) Swampers..
a. cut branches off of trees during logging
b. dragged logs from the swamps to the rivers
c. cut ditches to drain the swamps so they could be farmed
d. are beaver
15) The legend associated with Paul Bunyan…
a. was actually created by an advertising person after most logging was finished
b. started in the Maine woods and was brought to Minnesota by early loggers
c. is wrong, because he really had a moose, not a blue ox
d. was the reason that the environmental movement started in Minnesota
16) Mississippi’s Lake Pepin…
a. was created by silt build up from adjacent rivers
b. was created by a lock and dam
c. did not exist prior to settlers arriving in Minnesota
d. is older than the last glacier that dominated the state 25,000 years ago
17) Traditional logging…
a. wasted 70-80% of the tree
b. was more effective than today since it used almost all of the tree
c. ended with invention of the cross-cut saw
d. cut down the more valuable walnuts and oaks, then was forced to remove pines
18) Wabasha…
a. is Minnesota’s oldest continually occupied community
b. location on the eastern bank of the Mississippi allowed easy access to paddleboats
c. was the Territorial Capital of Minnesota
d. is the only place in Minnesota where bald eagles can be seen
19) How do we know the sequence of changes in biomes over thousands of years in Minnesota
a. because of Native American tales and folklore
b. by pollen records as found in sediment in the bottom of bogs and lakes
c. because of early settler journals and paintings
d. by looking at old air photos
20) The Blandings Turtle…
a. is whitish and therefore is named after the light color
b. is relatively flat and can not be seen easily when crossing the road
c. is the only land tortoise in Minnesota
d. is rare, but can be found in great numbers in the Weaver Dunes area
21) Prairie originally covered…
a. about 1/3 of the state b. only the northwest corner of the state
c. less than 10 percent of the state d. most of the state when the settlers arrived
22) The bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River in SE Minnesota…
a. are up to 600’ high granite cliffs
b. gradually get higher the further north traveled along the river
c. only have trees on them since over 30” of rain falls each year
d. are composed of mostly Limestone
23) Log rafts associated with logging…
a. were about the size of a semi truck and poled by hand along the lower Mississippi
b. looked much like an upside down hollow log cabin
c. were frequently 4-5 football fields in size
d. were usually found on the smaller rivers where paddleboats couldn’t operate
24) Which factor did not have a major influence on the prairie-forest ecotone..
a. fire b. topography c. soil moisture d. plowing
25) The Richard j. Doran State Forest…
a. is the largest contiguous forest in the state
b. is composed of numerous scattered tracts of forest
c. contains most of the ‘Big Woods” area
d. has the last remaining white pines in the state
26) The ConAgra Mill…
a. is thought to be Minnesota’s oldest continually operating mill
b. is the largest mill in Minnesota built in the 1990s for pulp/paper industry
c. was an old historic mill submerged and lost when they built the lock and dams
d. was thought to be the source of the Hinckley fires
27) The French named river called Rivere aux Canots…
a. has been drained for farmland and no longer flows
b. was the source for the legend of the Jolly Green Giant’s vegetables
c. helped to create the legend of Paul Bunyan
d. is now known as the Cannon River
28) The dwarf trout lily…
a. is the only plant in Minnesota that is a federally protected endangered species
b. grows only in swamps along the Root River
c. can easily spread and is a noxious weed to farmers
d. can only be found in the sand dune prairies
29) The Steamboat Julius C. Wilkie..
a. was the first paddleboat to reach St. Paul
b. was the last paddleboat in Minnesota
c. was burned by an arsonist after Lincoln was assassinated
d. was moved onto land in Winona, but burned down
30) Why was Winona an important saw mill location on the Mississippi River…
a. because of the expanding settlers market to the west
b. it had a major waterfall on the Mississippi River to provide water power
c. it was the only deep area of the river where log booms could be built
d. because electricity reached here first in the state
31) How long has the Driftless area been under continuous erosion…
a. since the last glacier left around 11,000 years ago
b. for the last half million years
c. it has never experienced erosion
d. since settlers cleared the forest
32) Francis J. Marschner…
a. created a map of early natural vegetation for Minnesota
b. was the first territorial Governor of the Minnesota Territory
c. was a wealthy paddleboat captain who later introduced railroads to the state
d. was the paddleboat captain Mark Twain based some of his books on
33) Fort Beauharois…
a. was a British Fort on Lake Superior that the French captured and burned
b. is a fictional place sited in the poem “Song of Hiawatha”
c. was the first European fort in Minnesota
d. was later named Fort Snelling
34) The Forest History Center
a. is located near Grand Rapids
b. is located near Lock and Dam # 3
c. was reconstructed after the Hinkley fire burned it down
d. is ironically built in a prairie
35) Who built most of the Mounds in Mounds Park..
a. Hopewell peoples b. Dakota c. Ojibwa d. no one knows
36) The 1854 Grand Excursion…
a. led investors into the northern forest to promote logging
b. used paddleboats to carry thousands of tourists up the Mississippi River
c. carried the first railroad passengers from Chicago to St Pau
d. was a military expedition to stop the Dakota Uprising
37) Witness trees…
a. were used when a minister was not present for marriages
b. had a axe cut marking the limits of clear cutting to be done by loggers
c. were used to reference the locations of survey pins
d. are also called Treaty or Peace Trees since treaties were signed there
38) The name Wabasha comes from…
a. a red military cap
b. a Chiefs daughter
c. a laundry area on the stream near a Dakota village
d. an arrow that was shot across the Mississippi River
39) Oak Savannas….
a. are the result of frequent fires
b. no longer exist since they have been cleared for farmland
c. are a mixture of swampy lands and wetland trees
d. were mostly removed early on by loggers because they were valuable
40) The Corp of Engineers maintains how deep of a channel for commercial navigation…
a. 9 feet b. 12 feet c. 20 feet d. 33 feet
41) Karst is …
a. an expression used by Native Americans for the blind valleys in Minnesota
b. a paleo-European word from karra meaning stone
c. the cold conditions that cause glaciation
d. the biome that dominates Minnesota
42) In Hastings..
a. around 60 structures are on the National Register of Historic Places
b. the Mississippi River changed course that stopped paddleboats from stopping
c. the first Capital was built a year after statehood
d. nothing remains since it eroded and fell into the river
43) Minnesota has elevations that range…
a. all above 1800 feet above sea level
b. a difference of about 1700 feet
c. less than 600 feet
d. can not be calculated because of the extreme variations
44) Generally logs….
a. were floated down rivers in late fall
b. smaller than 24 were preferred because they could be moved easily
c. were identified by species when claimed by different owners
d. were cut into 16 foot lengths
45) Minnesota had a waterfall…
a. on the Mississippi River near Barn Bluff that was removed by settlers
b. that was created by karst along the Rum River
c. created by a fault near Grand Rapids
d. near the location of Fort Snelling once that was larger than the modern Niagara Falls
46) Logs floated down the river
a. were often held ransom by the adjacent Native Americans
b. usually had to dry for a year before they could be cut with a saw
c. were usually branded or marked on the end first with the owners brand
d. only on top of rafts so they wouldn’t sink
47) A map of saw mill locations in the state would generally show most to be found in...
a. the northeastern part of the state
b. the Mississippi and St Croix Rivers
c. the central portion of the state
d. the prairie areas where they needed the wood for buildings
48) The Lock and Dams along the Mississippi River…
a. are named by numbers
b. generally can be by passed by natural rapids
c. created lakes such as Lake Pepin
d. were completed by the 1890s to help steam paddleboats go up river
49) Around 1920…
a. the cleared logging areas were now valuable farmlands
b. the railroads started to carry more logs than were rafted down river
c. many swamps were being drained that opened new lands for logging
d. large sawmills disappeared and were replaced by pulp and OSB plants
50) The Mdewkanton referred to Barn Bluff as…
a. mountain in water b. father of waters c. sleeping bear d. island of mists
ANSWER TWO (2) OF THE FOLLOWING ESSAYS.
USE 3-5 SENTENCES FOR EACH.
BE SURE TO BE CLEAR AND CONCISE.
(Points taken off if not answered)
-What are the issues or approaches to management of ‘exotic species”?
-From where and how did trees return to Minnesota after the glaciers left?
-The logging industry in Minnesota had two distinct markets….to where and when?
-What does the phrase ‘artificially gentrified” mean?
-Why are the lower portions of the stream valleys in the Bluff Country wide with steep sides?
-Why did steamboats decline after the 1870s on the rivers of Minnesota?
-Why was Winona a ‘hub of transportation’?
-How are Little Crow Chiefs and Red Wing Chiefs similar?
-How did the Driftless area get its name?