Name ______

DNA, RNA, and PROTEINS HONORS TEST

(2 points each)

MULTIPLE CHOICE
Write the letter of the answer that best completes the statement on the blank and the left.

______Which of the following shows the sequence for the way information is transferred in cells?

A. PROTEINS  DNA  RNA

B. DNA  PROTEINS  RNA

C. PROTEINS  RNA  DNA

D. DNA  RNA  PROTEINS

_____ The “sides of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made up of ______.

A. nitrogen bases

B. phospholipids and proteins

C. nitrogen bases and sugars

D. sugars and phosphates

______DNA wraps around proteins called ______when it condenses into chromosomes.

A. histones

B. promoters

C. repressors

D. ribosomes

______Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine are all ______. A. amino acids

B. nitrogen bases

C. proteins

D. phospholipids

_____ The “rungs of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made of ______.

A. phosphate

B. sugars

C. nitrogen bases

D. amino acids

_____ According to Chargaff’s rules, which nucleotide is always paired with ADENINE in a DNA
molecule?

A. Uracil

B. Thymine

C. Guanine

D. Cytosine

_____ Ribosomes are made out of ______.

A. RNA and proteins

B. phospholipids and proteins

C. glycoproteins and lipids

D. DNA and proteins

_____ Where in the cell does transcription take place?

A. in the nucleus

B. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm

C. in Golgi bodies

D. on the nucleosomes

_____ Where in the cell does translation take place?

A. in the nucleus

B. on the nucleosomes

C. in Golgi bodies

D. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm

_____ The molecule that caused transformation in Griffith’s pneumonia/mouse experiment was ______.

A. a protein

B. a bacteriophage

C. DNA

D. RNA

_____ The Hershey-Chase blender experimentsand Avery’s enzyme digestion experiments helped to
prove that ______

A. DNA is a double helix.

B. pneumonia causes dead mice.

C. transformation is caused by proteins

D. the genetic material is made of DNA

_____ The series of genes that control differentiation of cells and tissues in an embryo are called

______genes.

A. TATA

B. hox

C. enhancer

D. lacoperon

______A group of genes in prokaryotes that operate together is known as a(n) ______

A. codon

B. operator

C. operon

D. gene group

______The place where RNA polymerase binds to start transcribing a gene is called the ______

A. operator

B. promoter

C. repressor

D. anticodon

_____ The lac operon is found in ______

A. prokaryotes

B. eukaryotes

_____ TATA boxes and enhancer sequences are found in ______cells

A. prokaryotes

B. eukaryotes

_____ The lac operon is normally turned OFF when ______,

A. lactose is present

B. the operator binds glucose

C. the repressor binds the operator

D. RNA polymerase binds the promoter

_____ The presence of lactose turns the lac operon ON when ______.

A. the repressor binds lactose instead of the operator

B. the repressor binds the operator

C. anticodon binds the codon

D. lactose binds the TATA box

_____ The function of the TATA box is to ______.

A. bind the lac repressor

B. turn on cell division genes

C. help position the RNA polymerase

D. edit introns

_____ DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, ______

A. each with two new strands

B. one with two new strands and one with 2 original strands

C. each with two original strands

D. each with one new strand and one original strand

***************

MATCH THE KIND OF RNA WITH ITS DESCRIPTION:

(You can use them MORE THAN ONCE!)

______Carries the DNA code from nucleus to cytoplasm
______Made by the nucleolusA. messenger-RNA

______Adds the correct amino acid to the growing protein chainB. transfer-RNA

______Combines with proteins to form ribosomesC. ribosomal-RNA

______Has a CODON region

______Has an ANTICODON region

MATCH THE VOCAB WORD WITH ITS DEFINITION:

_____ Making a DNA copy of a DNA molecule (DNA DNA)A. TRANSFORMATION

B. REPLICATION

_____ Making a complementary RNA message from a DNA codeC. TRANSCRIPTION

(DNA RNA)D. TRANSLATION

_____ Making a protein from an RNA message(RNA  protein)

______Process in which one strain of bacteria is changed

by absorbing DNA from another strain of bacteria

***************

_____ protein molecule around which DNA is wrapped to form a nucleosome in chromatin

_____ enzyme involved in RNA transcription that binds to DNA, separates
the strands, & assembles nucleotide subunitsinto an RNA moleculeA. CHROMOSOME

B. CHROMATIN
_____ enzyme involved in DNA replication which joins nucleotide subunitsC. ANTI-PARALLEL

together to make a DNA moleculeD. HISTONE E.RNA POLYMERASE

_____ DNA coiled around histones that is found F.DNA POLYMERASE

spread out in the nucleus of non-dividing cells

_____ DNA coiled around histones that is foundcondensed into bundles in dividing cells

_____ Orientation in which the two complementary strands in a DNA molecule run in opposite directions

**************

_____ subunit (monomer) consisting of a 5 carbon sugar,

a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base used to A. INTRON

build nucleic acids such as DNA and RNAB. EXON C. BACTERIOPHAGE

_____ A virus that infects bacteriaD. NUCLEOTIDE

E. NUCLEOSOME

_____ Beadlike structure formed by coiling DNA around F. TRANSPOSON

histone proteins that pack together to form chromosomes

______Sequence of DNA that can jump from one location to

another which is thought to be involved in increasing
mutations in cells

_____ Expressed sequence of DNA that codes for a protein

_____ sequence of DNA that is NOT involved in coding for a

protein which is cut out of the m-RNA molecule before
it is read by the ribosomes

MATCH THE PARTS IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE CORRECT LABEL

_____ RIBOSOME

_____ NUCLEUS

_____ MESSENGER RNA

_____ ANTICODON

_____ AMINO ACID

_____ CODON

_____ TRANSFER RNA

***************

USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TOMAKE A COMPLIMENTARY DNA STRAND

A T T C G A T G C

______

USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TO MAKE AN RNA MESSAGE

A C T G G A T A C

______

USE the DECODING WHEEL to DETERMINE the AMINO ACID that corresponds to the m-RNA CODE GIVEN

mRNA CODE / AMINO ACID
UUC
GCG
CAC
UGA

MATCH THE MUTATION WITH ITS DESCRIPTION

_____ One nucleotide in the code is replaced by anotherA. POLYPLOIDY

B. INVERSION

_____ Piece of DNA is added to the codeC. INSERTION

D. DUPLICATION

_____ A piece of DNA is broken off and is lost E. TRANSLOCATION

F. SUBSTITUTION

_____ Extra copies of part of a chromosome are made G. DELETION

_____ Complete set of chromosomes fails to separate resulting in
3N or 4N organisms

_____ Piece of DNA breaks off and reattaches to another

NON-homologous chromosome

_____ Piece of DNA breaks off, flips, and reattaches so that it reads backwards

***************

SHORT ANSWER:

TELL one way DNA is DIFFERENT from RNA

DNA / RNA

EXPLAIN WHY A FRAMESHIFT MUTATION AT THE BEGINNING OF A GENE IS MORE HARMFUL THAN AT THE END.

______

______

***************

BONUS:

Name the woman scientist whose X-ray images helped Watson and Crick come up with the structure of DNA

______

Look at the list of mutations in the matching section above. Which kind of mutation changes the hemoglobin code and causes sickle cell disease? ______

What is the “glue” that holds the 2 sides of the DNA “ladder” together? ______

Name ______

DNA, RNA, and PROTEINS TEST

(2 points each)

MULTIPLE CHOICE
Write the letter of the answer that best completes the statement on the blank and the left.

______Which of the following shows the sequence for the way information is transferred in cells?

A. PROTEINS  RNA  DNA

B. DNA  PROTEINS  RNA

C. DNA  RNA  PROTEINS

D. PROTEINS  DNA  RNA

_____ The “sides of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made up of ______.

A. nitrogen bases

B. sugars and phosphates

C. nitrogen bases and sugars

D. phospholipids and proteins

______DNA wraps around proteins called ______when it condenses into chromosomes.

A. ribosomes

B. promoters

C. repressors

D. histones

______Adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine are all ______. A. nitrogen bases

B. amino acids

C. proteins

D. phospholipids

_____ The “rungs of the ladder” in a DNA molecule are made of ______.

A. phosphate

B. nitrogen bases

C. sugars

D. amino acids

_____ According to Chargaff’s rules, which nucleotide is always paired with ADENINE in a DNA
molecule?

A. Uracil

B. Guanine

C. Thymine

D. Cytosine

_____ Ribosomes are made out of ______.

A. DNA and proteins

B. phospholipids and proteins

C. glycoproteins and lipids

D. RNA and proteins

_____ Where in the cell does transcription take place?

A. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm

B. in the nucleus

C. in Golgi bodies

D. on the nucleosomes

_____ Where in the cell does translation take place?

A. on ribosomes in the cytoplasm

B. on the nucleosomes

C. in Golgi bodies

D. in the nucleus

_____ The molecule that caused transformation in Griffith’s pneumonia/mouse experiment was ______.

A. a protein

B. a bacteriophage

C.RNA

D. DNA

_____ The Hershey-Chase blender experimentsand Avery’s enzyme digestion experiments helped to
prove that ______

A. DNA is a double helix.

B. pneumonia causes dead mice.

C. the genetic material is made of DNA

D. transformation is caused by proteins

_____ The series of genes that control differentiation of cells and tissues in an embryo are called

______genes.

A. hox

B. TATA

C. enhancer

D. lacoperon

______A group of genes in prokaryotes that operate together is known as a(n) ______

A. codon

B. operon

C. operator

D. gene group

______The place where RNA polymerase binds to start transcribing a gene is called the ______

A. anticodon

B. repressor

C. promoter

D. operator

_____ The lac operon is found in ______

A. eukaryotes

B. prokaryotes

_____ TATA boxes and enhancer sequences are found in ______cells

A. prokaryotes

B. eukaryotes

_____ The lac operon is normally turned OFF when ______,

A. lactose is present

B. the operator binds glucose

C. the repressor binds the operator

D. RNA polymerase binds the promoter

_____ The presence of lactose turns the lac operon ON when ______.

A. the repressor binds lactose instead of the operator

B. the repressor binds the operator

C. anticodon binds the codon

D. lactose binds the TATA box

_____ The function of the TATA box is to ______.

A. bind the lac repressor

B. turn on cell division genes

C. help position the RNA polymerase

D. edit introns

_____ DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, ______

A. each with one new strand and one original strand

B. one with two new strands and one with 2 original strands

C. each with two original strands

D. each with two new strands

***************

MATCH THE KIND OF RNA WITH ITS DESCRIPTION:

(You can use them MORE THAN ONCE!)

______Carries the DNA code from nucleus to cytoplasm
______Made by the nucleolusA. ribosomal-RNA

______Adds the correct amino acid to the growing protein chainB. messenger-RNA

______Combines with proteins to form ribosomesC. transfer-RNA

______Has a CODON region

______Has an ANTICODON region

MATCH THE VOCAB WORD WITH ITS DEFINITION:

_____ Making a DNA copy of a DNA molecule (DNA DNA)A. TRANSLATION

B. TRANSFORMATION

_____ Making a complementary RNA message from a DNA codeC. REPLICATION

(DNA RNA)D.TRANSCRIPTION

_____ Making a protein from an RNA message(RNA  protein)

______Process in which one strain of bacteria is changed

by absorbing DNA from another strain of bacteria

***************

_____ protein molecule around which DNA is wrapped to form a nucleosome in chromatin

_____ enzyme involved in RNA transcription that binds to DNA, separates
the strands, & assembles nucleotide subunitsinto an RNA moleculeA. CHROMOSOME

B. CHROMATIN
_____ enzyme involved in DNA replication which joins nucleotide subunitsC. ANTI-PARALLEL

together to make a DNA moleculeD. RNA POLYMERASE E. DNA POLYMERASE

_____ DNA coiled around histones that is found F.HISTONE

spread out in the nucleus of non-dividing cells

_____ DNA coiled around histones that is foundcondensed into bundles in dividing cells

_____ Orientation in which the two complementary strands in a DNA molecule run in opposite directions

**************

_____ subunit (monomer) consisting of a 5 carbon sugar,

a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base used to A. EXON

build nucleic acids such as DNA and RNAB. INTRON C. TRANSPOSON

_____ A virus that infects bacteriaD. NUCLEOSOME

E. NUCLEOTIDE

_____ Beadlike structure formed by coiling DNA around F. BACTERIOPHAGE

histone proteins that pack together to form chromosomes

______Sequence of DNA that can jump from one location to

another which is thought to be involved in increasing
mutations in cells

_____ Expressed sequence of DNA that codes for a protein

_____ sequence of DNA that is NOT involved in coding for a

protein which is cut out of the m-RNA molecule before
it is read by the ribosomes

MATCH THE PARTS IN THE DIAGRAM WITH THE CORRECT LABEL

_____ MESSENGER RNA

_____ TRANSFER RNA

_____ RIBOSOME

_____ CODON

_____ AMINO ACID

_____ ANTICODON

_____ NUCLEUS

***************

USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TOMAKE A COMPLIMENTARY DNA STRAND

C G A T G CA T T

______

USE THE FOLLOWING DNA SEQUENCE TO MAKE AN RNA MESSAGE

G G A T A CA C T

______

USE the DECODING WHEEL to DETERMINE the AMINO ACID that corresponds to the m-RNA CODE GIVEN

mRNA CODE / AMINO ACID
UGA
UUC
CAC
GCG

MATCH THE MUTATION WITH ITS DESCRIPTION

_____ One nucleotide in the code is replaced by anotherA. INSERTION

B. DUPLICATION

_____ Piece of DNA is added to the codeC. POLYPLOIDY

D. INVERSION

_____ A piece of DNA is broken off and is lost E. DELETION

F. TRANSLOCATION

_____ Extra copies of part of a chromosome are made G.SUBSTITUTION

_____ Complete set of chromosomes fails to separate resulting in
3N or 4N organisms

_____ Piece of DNA breaks off and reattaches to another

NON-homologous chromosome

_____ Piece of DNA breaks off, flips, and reattaches so that it reads backwards

***************

SHORT ANSWER:

TELL one way DNA is DIFFERENT from RNA

RNA / DNA

EXPLAIN WHY A FRAMESHIFT MUTATION AT THE BEGINNING OF A GENE IS MORE HARMFUL THAN AT THE END.

______

______

***************

BONUS:

Name the woman scientist whose X-ray images helped Watson and Crick come up with the structure of DNA

______

Look at the list of mutations in the matching section above. Which kind of mutation changes the hemoglobin code and causes sickle cell disease? ______

What is the “glue” that holds the 2 sides of the DNA “ladder” together? ______