Rise of Totalitarianism

WHII.11c

Main Ideas

·  Economic disruptions following World War I led to unstable political conditions. Worldwide depression in the 1930s provided opportunities for the rise of dictators in the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, and Japan.

·  A communist dictatorship was established by Vladimir Lenin and continued by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union.

·  The Treaty of Versailles worsened economic and political conditions in Europe and led to the rise of totalitarian regimes in Italy and Germany.

·  Japan emerged as a world power after World War I and conducted aggressive imperialistic policies in Asia.

Totalitarianism
Root Word / Definition / Illustration
Overview
Economic problems / Dictators gained more control / International conflicts break out
Economic disruptions signaled the beginning of the ______Depression. / Rise of ______leaders, who have complete control over their countries. / Germany invades Poland, beginning ______II.
Economic Disruptions
Economic Disruption / Impact on Germany
Reparations imposed by the Treaty of Versailles
Loss of German territory under the Treaty of Versailles
1929 Stock Market Crash
Communism in the Soviet Union
Compare and contrast the economic policies of the Soviet Union under Lenin and Stalin.
Vladimir Lenin’s
New Economic Policy (NEP) / Joseph Stalin’s
Five Year Plans
Treaty of Versailles
Provision / How it was broken by Hitler
War reparations
·  Germany must assume guilt for the war
·  Germany must pay $2 billion to repair damages caused by WWI
Demilitarization
·  German army limited to 100,000
·  German submarines and air force were prohibited
Territorial Changes
·  Germany lost Alsace-Lorraine
·  Germany lost land in east to Poland and Czechoslovakia
·  Austria was forbidden from joining with Germany
Japanese Military Aggression
Explain how each of these concepts contributed to Japanese military aggression.
Bushido / Greater East Asia
Co-Prosperity Sphere
(The “Japanese Monroe Doctrine”) / U.S. trade embargo with Japan
Totalitarian Propaganda
Explain the purpose of each of these examples of propaganda.

Nazi Nuremburg Rally /
1936 Berlin Olympics /
“Father” Stalin
Italy / Germany / Japan / Soviet Union
Flag
(Color it) / / / /
Party/Type of Government
Leaders
(Write name below picture) / / / /
Events that led to seizing of power
“Us vs. Them”
Intimidation of enemies
Human costs
Economy in 1920s & 1930s
Military Aggression
WWII: Axis or Allies?
Word Bank for Chart
·  Benito Mussolini
·  Communism vs. capitalism
·  Nazism
·  Japan vs. “inferior” Asian nations
·  Gestapo & SS
·  Democratic government weakened, Hitler was appointed chancellor, Reichstag Fire gave Hitler more power
·  Adolf Hitler
·  Communism
·  Emperor Hirohito
·  Restore glory of Rome vs. its lost empire
·  Secret Police (Cheka, NKVD) & “Great Purge”
·  Hideki Tojo
·  Invasion of Ethiopia
·  “Mussolini made the trains run on time.”
·  20 million Chinese were killed in WWII / ·  Military leaders gradually gained more influence in 1930s
·  March on Rome
·  Bushido
·  Blackshirt thugs
·  Winter War with Finland
·  Russian Revolutions of 1917
·  Fascism
·  Peace Preservation Department
·  Vladimir Lenin
·  Extreme nationalism & anti-Semitism (“Aryans” vs. Jews)
·  Joseph Stalin
·  Reparations payments & hyperinflation crippled economy
·  12 million were killed in the Holocaust; millions more killed by German military in WWII / ·  Invasions of Korea, Manchuria, and the rest of China
·  400,000 Italians died in WWII; 300,000 Ethiopians were killed by Italy
·  Joining with Austria, annexation of Sudetenland, invasion of Poland
·  Axis (x3)
·  Allies (x1)
·  20 million killed by purges, famine, relocation and forced labor
·  Five year plans, collectivization of farms, state industrialization; communist economics became entrenched
·  U.S. cut off trade; Japan invaded neighboring areas for raw materials (oil, metals, etc.)