Supplementary Tables
Supplementary Table 1a. Demographic and background information of children
Samplingtimepoint / Sample ID / Gender / Age
(months) / Age
category / Race / ZBMI / BF vs. FF
(months between BF cessation and baseline sampling) / Synbiotic / Antibiotics
(minimumweeks between antibiotics and sampling)
Baseline / K1A* / Boy / 18 / 1 / White / 0,95 / NR / N / N
6 months / K1C / Boy / 24 / 1 / White / 0,27 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K1D* / Boy / 30 / 2 / White / 0,44 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K2A* / Boy / 35 / 2 / White / 1,56 / BF (29) / N / N
4 months / K2B* / Boy / 39 / 3 / White / 2,75 / Weaned / N / Y (14)
Baseline / K3A* / Girl / 20 / 1 / Black / 4,96 / BF (17) / N / N
4 months / K3B / Girl / 24 / 1 / Black / 2,75 / Weaned / Y / N
6 months / K3C* / Girl / 26 / 2 / Black / 2,88 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K4A* / Girl / 20 / 1 / White / 1,87 / BF (16) / N / N
4 months / K4B / Girl / 24 / 1 / White / 0,62 / Weaned / Y / N
6 months / K4C* / Girl / 26 / 2 / White / 0,68 / Weaned / N / Y (NR)
12 months / K4D / Girl / 32 / 2 / White / 0,89 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K5A* / Girl / 24 / 1 / Black / 1,53 / BF (23) / N / N
4 months / K5B* / Girl / 28 / 2 / Black / 5,63 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K6A* / Boy / 35 / 2 / NR / 1,04 / BF (5) / N / N
4 months / K6B* / Boy / 39 / 3 / NR / 0,45 / Weaned / Y / N
6 months / K6C / Boy / 41 / 3 / NR / 0,58 / Weaned / N / Y (NR)
Baseline / K7A* / Girl / 18 / 1 / Black / -0,31 / BF (15) / N / N
4months / K7B / Girl / 22 / 1 / Black / -0,45 / Weaned / Y / Y (4)
6months / K7C / Girl / 24 / 1 / Black / -0,77 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K8A* / Girl / 42 / 3 / Black / 0,38 / FF / N / N
4 months / K8B / Girl / 46 / 3 / Black / 0,02 / Weaned / Y / N
Baseline / K9A* / Boy / 35 / 2 / White / 0,64 / BF (22) / N / N
4 months / K9B* / Boy / 39 / 3 / White / -0,19 / Weaned / N / Y (2)
6 months / K9C / Boy / 41 / 3 / White / -0,56 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K9D / Boy / 47 / 3 / White / -0,48 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K10A* / Boy / 34 / 2 / Hispanic / 1,04 / BF (16) / N / N
4 months / K10B* / Boy / 38 / 3 / Hispanic / 0,78 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K10C / Boy / 40 / 3 / Hispanic / 0,61 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K10D / Boy / 46 / 3 / Hispanic / -0,07 / Weaned / N / Y (NR)
Baseline / K11A* / Boy / 32 / 2 / White / 1,11 / BF (27) / N / N
4 months / K11B / Boy / 36 / 2 / White / 0,96 / Weaned / Y / Y (0)
6 months / K11C* / Boy / 38 / 3 / White / 0,82 / Weaned / N / Y (NR)
Baseline / K12A* / Girl / 18 / 1 / White / 1,51 / BF (14) / N / N
4 months / K12B / Girl / 22 / 1 / White / 0,67 / Weaned / Y / Y (12)
12 months / K12D* / Girl / 30 / 2 / White / 0,37 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K13A* / Girl / 24 / 1 / White / 1,59 / BF (11) / N / N
4 months / K13B* / Girl / 28 / 2 / White / 0,99 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K13C / Girl / 30 / 2 / White / 0,73 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K13D / Girl / 36 / 2 / White / 0,64 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K14A* / Boy / 14 / 1 / Black / 0,97 / BF (0) / N / N
4 months / K14B / Boy / 18 / 1 / Black / 1,3 / NR / Y / Y (8)
6 months / K14C / Boy / 20 / 1 / Black / 1,56 / NR / N / N
12 months / K14D* / Boy / 26 / 2 / Black / 1 / NR / N / Y (NR)
Baseline / K15A* / Girl / 47 / 3 / Pacific Islander / -0,66 / BF (38) / N / N
4 months / K15B* / Girl / 51 / 4 / Pacific Islander / -0,72 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K15C / Girl / 53 / 4 / Pacific Islander / -0,59 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K15D / Girl / 59 / 4 / Pacific Islander / -0,78 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K16A* / Girl / 47 / 3 / White / -0,24 / BF (41) / N / N
4 months / K16B* / Girl / 51 / 4 / White / -0,59 / Weaned / Y / N
6 months / K16C / Girl / 53 / 4 / White / -0,39 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K17A* / Girl / 30 / 2 / White / -0,31 / BF (24) / N / N
4 months / K17B / Girl / 34 / 2 / White / 0,4 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K17C / Girl / 36 / 2 / White / 0,46 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K17D* / Girl / 42 / 3 / White / 0,55 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K18A* / Girl / 31 / 2 / White / -0,52 / BF (8) / N / N
4 months / K18B / Girl / 35 / 2 / White / -0,22 / Weaned / Y / N
6 months / K18C* / Girl / 37 / 3 / White / -0,13 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K19A* / Boy / 48 / 3 / Hispanic / 0,84 / BF (34) / N / N
4 months / K19B* / Boy / 52 / 4 / Hispanic / 1,34 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K19C / Boy / 54 / 4 / Hispanic / 0,81 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K20A* / Boy / 23 / 1 / Black / 2,98 / BF (18) / N / N
4 months / K20B* / Boy / 27 / 2 / Black / 2,2 / Weaned / Y / N
6 months / K20C / Boy / 29 / 2 / Black / 2,24 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K21A* / Girl / 48 / 3 / Hispanic / 3,56 / FF / N / N
4 months / K21B* / Girl / 52 / 4 / Hispanic / 3,54 / Weaned / N / Y (12)
6 months / K21C / Girl / 54 / 4 / Hispanic / 4,09 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K22A* / Girl / 25 / 2 / White / 0,3 / BF (13) / N / N
4 months / K22B / Girl / 29 / 2 / White / 0,22 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K22C / Girl / 31 / 2 / White / -0,75 / Weaned / N / N
12 months / K22D* / Girl / 37 / 3 / White / -0,6 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K23A* / Girl / 34 / 2 / White / 1,4 / BF (33) / N / N
4 months / K23B* / Girl / 38 / 3 / White / 1,14 / Weaned / N / N
6 months / K23C / Girl / 40 / 3 / White / -0,72 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K25A* / Girl / 48 / 3 / White / 0,98 / BF (44) / N / N
6 months / K25C* / Girl / 54 / 4 / White / 1,38 / Weaned / N / N
Baseline / K26A* / Boy / 35 / 2 / White / -0,02 / BF (17) / N / N
Baseline / K27A* / Boy / 19 / 1 / Black / 2,49 / FF / N / N
4 months / K27B / Boy / 23 / 1 / Black / 2,05 / Weaned / N / Y (6)
Baseline / K29A* / Boy / 47 / 3 / White / 0,39 / BF (29) / N / N
4 months / K29B* / Boy / 51 / 4 / White / -0,24 / Weaned / Y / N
Baseline / K30A* / Boy / 25 / 2 / White / 3,06 / FF / N / N
4 months / K30B / Boy / 29 / 2 / White / 1,32 / Weaned / N / N
*Used for plotting relative abundances and for core microbiota analysis
NR: information not recorded.
Age category:
1: age ≤ 2 years
2: age between 2-3 years (including 3 years)
3: age between 3-4 years (including 4 years)
4: age between 4-5 years
BF vs. FF:
BF: Breastfeeding
FF: Formulafeeding
The months between BF cessation and baseline sampling are recorded in parenthesis.
Synbiotic:
Y: The samples taken from the synbiotic treatment group in the end of intervention
N: The samples at baseline, samples from the placebo group of intervention and 2 and 8 months after the intervention.
Antibiotics:
Y: Sample wastaken after short-term antibiotics treatment for acute infections. Each antibiotic course length was as recommended for the type of antibiotic, meaning that e.g. amoxicillin is usually 10 days etc. The weeks between antibiotics and sampling are recorded in parenthesis.
N:The samples were taken from the children without antibiotics treatment during the preceedingperiod.
Supplementary Table 1b. Demographic and background information of adults
Sample ID / HITChipID / Gender / Age (years) / Age category / Race / BMI category107 / ALO_184* / Female / 27 / 5 / Asian / Healthy
297 / ALO_217* / Female / 28 / 5 / Black / Obese
278 / ALO_198* / Female / 33 / 5 / Black / Obese
109 / ALO_186* / Female / 25 / 5 / White / Healthy
110 / ALO_187* / Female / 54 / 5 / White / Healthy
106 / ALO_183* / Female / 25 / 5 / White / Healthy
108 / ALO_185* / Female / 21 / 5 / White / Healthy
296 / ALO_216* / Female / 28 / 5 / White / Healthy
295 / ALO_215* / Female / 60 / 5 / White / Healthy
292 / ALO_212* / Female / 23 / 5 / White / Healthy
293 / ALO_213* / Female / 37 / 5 / White / Healthy
294 / ALO_214* / Female / 37 / 5 / White / Healthy
266 / ALO_191* / Female / 58 / 5 / White / Obese
96 / ALO_173* / Female / 52 / 5 / White / Overweight
97 / ALO_174* / Female / 22 / 5 / White / Healthy
98 / ALO_175* / Male / 21 / 5 / White / Healthy
99 / ALO_176* / Female / 54 / 5 / White / Healthy
100 / ALO_177* / Male / 28 / 5 / White / Obese
101 / ALO_178* / Female / 24 / 5 / White / Obese
102 / ALO_179* / Male / 52 / 5 / White / Healthy
103 / ALO_180* / Female / 22 / 5 / White / Healthy
104 / ALO_181* / Female / 25 / 5 / White / Healthy
105 / ALO_182* / Male / 42 / 5 / White / Healthy
*Used for plotting relative abundances and for core microbiota analysis
Age category:
5: age >21 years
Supplementary Table 2.HITChip data summarized to phylum-level and genus-level bacterial groups (separate xlsx file)
Supplementary Table3.Diversity, richness, evenness and stability of total microbiota in the study subjects.
Sample ID / Diversity / Richness / Evenness / StabilityK1A / 6,56 / 1374 / 0,91 / 1
K1C / 6,58 / 1299 / 0,92 / 0,51
K1D / 6,59 / 1274 / 0,92 / 0,28
K2A / 6,74 / 1451 / 0,93 / 1
K2B / 6,61 / 1351 / 0,92 / 0,53
K3A / 6,92 / 1529 / 0,94 / 1
K3B / 6,62 / 1471 / 0,91 / 0,43
K3C / 6,85 / 1490 / 0,94 / 0,19
K4A / 6,51 / 1297 / 0,91 / 1
K4B / 6,78 / 1412 / 0,94 / 0,25
K4C / 6,61 / 1396 / 0,91 / 0,27
K4D / 6,84 / 1419 / 0,94 / 0,55
K5A / 6,58 / 1385 / 0,91 / 1
K5B / 6,86 / 1555 / 0,93 / 0,56
K6A / 6,95 / 1493 / 0,95 / 1
K6B / 6,83 / 1383 / 0,94 / 0,77
K6C / 6,89 / 1565 / 0,94 / 0,73
K7A / 6,93 / 1618 / 0,94 / 1
K7B / 6,68 / 1434 / 0,92 / 0,69
K7C / 7,07 / 1647 / 0,96 / 0,35
K8A / 6,77 / 1553 / 0,92 / 1
K8B / 6,90 / 1576 / 0,94 / 0,31
K9A / 6,81 / 1566 / 0,93 / 1
K9B / 6,89 / 1585 / 0,94 / 0,48
K9C / 6,88 / 1585 / 0,93 / 0,56
K9D / 6,73 / 1304 / 0,94 / 0,77
K10A / 6,78 / 1324 / 0,94 / 1
K10B / 6,99 / 1526 / 0,95 / 0,2
K10C / 6,96 / 1554 / 0,95 / 0,72
K10D / 6,70 / 1390 / 0,93 / 0,37
K11A / 6,58 / 1206 / 0,93 / 1
K11B / 6,67 / 1296 / 0,93 / 0,07
K11C / 6,85 / 1471 / 0,94 / 0,19
K12A / 6,71 / 1437 / 0,92 / 1
K12B / 6,87 / 1543 / 0,94 / 0,37
K12D / 6,54 / 1551 / 0,89 / 0,4
K13A / 6,73 / 1560 / 0,91 / 1
K13B / 6,89 / 1586 / 0,94 / 0,26
K13C / 6,75 / 1731 / 0,91 / 0,21
K13D / 6,95 / 1583 / 0,94 / 0,75
K14A / 6,38 / 1347 / 0,89 / 1
K14B / 6,53 / 1285 / 0,91 / 0,05
K14C / 6,63 / 1454 / 0,91 / 0,38
K14D / 6,76 / 1566 / 0,92 / 0,74
K15A / 6,76 / 1511 / 0,92 / 1
K15B / 6,92 / 1505 / 0,95 / 0,43
K15C / 6,60 / 1296 / 0,92 / 0,38
K15D / 6,95 / 1604 / 0,94 / 0,66
K16A / 6,63 / 1443 / 0,91 / 1
K16B / 6,48 / 1313 / 0,90 / 0,83
K16C / 6,67 / 1366 / 0,92 / 0,62
K17A / 6,69 / 1353 / 0,93 / 1
K17B / 6,90 / 1571 / 0,94 / 0,39
K17C / 7,00 / 1641 / 0,95 / 0,55
K17D / 6,57 / 1422 / 0,91 / 0,46
K18A / 6,78 / 1506 / 0,93 / 1
K18B / 6,38 / 1181 / 0,90 / 0,32
K18C / 6,60 / 1290 / 0,92 / 0,64
K19A / 6,61 / 1340 / 0,92 / 1
K19B / 6,55 / 1290 / 0,91 / 0,8
K19C / 6,92 / 1479 / 0,95 / 0,2
K20A / 6,93 / 1521 / 0,95 / 1
K20B / 6,62 / 1283 / 0,92 / 0,39
K20C / 6,74 / 1428 / 0,93 / 0,24
K21A / 6,76 / 1480 / 0,93 / 1
K21B / 6,55 / 1379 / 0,91 / 0,59
K21C / 6,56 / 1339 / 0,91 / 0,35
K22A / 6,76 / 1474 / 0,93 / 1
K22B / 6,84 / 1471 / 0,94 / 0,43
K22C / 6,61 / 1333 / 0,92 / 0,27
K22D / 6,70 / 1353 / 0,93 / 0,6
K23A / 6,74 / 1197 / 0,95 / 1
K23B / 6,32 / 881 / 0,93 / 0,57
K23C / 6,71 / 1241 / 0,94 / 0,47
K25A / 6,11 / 711 / 0,93 / 1
K25C / 6,26 / 870 / 0,92 / 0,82
K26A / 6,68 / 1187 / 0,94 / 1
K27A / 6,28 / 1012 / 0,91 / 1
K27B / 6,25 / 981 / 0,91 / 0,52
K29A / 6,39 / 964 / 0,93 / 1
K29B / 6,44 / 1065 / 0,92 / 0,48
K30A / 6,14 / 809 / 0,92 / 1
K30B / 6,37 / 990 / 0,92 / 0,94
107 / 7,02 / 1677 / 0,95 / 1
297 / 7,09 / 1505 / 0,96 / 1
278 / 7,04 / 1310 / 0,95 / 1
109 / 6,97 / 1609 / 0,95 / 1
110 / 6,92 / 1622 / 0,94 / 1
106 / 7,18 / 1343 / 0,96 / 1
108 / 6,89 / 1494 / 0,93 / 1
296 / 7,01 / 1498 / 0,95 / 1
295 / 7,09 / 1600 / 0,95 / 1
292 / 6,75 / 1435 / 0,94 / 1
293 / 6,59 / 1608 / 0,92 / 1
294 / 6,91 / 1774 / 0,93 / 1
266 / 6,67 / 1501 / 0,91 / 1
96 / 6,94 / 1631 / 0,94 / 1
97 / 6,93 / 1677 / 0,94 / 1
98 / 6,78 / 1617 / 0,93 / 1
99 / 6,62 / 1591 / 0,92 / 1
100 / 6,71 / 1592 / 0,92 / 1
101 / 6,89 / 1835 / 0,93 / 1
102 / 7,08 / 1653 / 0,95 / 1
103 / 6,92 / 1606 / 0,94 / 1
104 / 6,72 / 1708 / 0,92 / 1
105 / 6,76 / 1345 / 0,92 / 1
Diversity is measured by Shannon's index
Richness is represented by responding oligos
Evenness is quantified by Pielou's index
Stability is assessed by Pearson correlation between consecutive time points
Supplementary Table 4.The stability of phylum-level bacterial groups.
Bacterial group / Stability during 1-5Y (LME) / Mean stability (95% CI)* / Compared to total microbiota stability** / Stability category***Actinobacteria / No change / 0.87 (0.80-0.94) / Higher (p=8,80E-10) / High
Bacilli / No change / 0.85 (0.78-0.92) / Higher (p=1,78E-09) / High
Bacteroidetes / Increasing (p=0.04) / 0.70 (0.63-0.76) / Higher (p=6,53E-05) / Moderate
Clostridium cluster I / No change / 0.69 (0,57-0,81) / Higher (p=6,39E-03) / Moderate
Clostridium cluster III / No change / 0.82 (0.75-0.89) / Higher (p=3,88E-08) / High
Clostridium cluster IV / No change / 0.49 (0.39-0.59) / No difference (p=NS) / Low
Clostridium cluster XI / No change (p=0.08) / 0.72 (0.62-0.81) / Higher (p=3,48E-04) / Moderate
Clostridium cluster XIVa / No change / 0.50 (0.42-0.58) / No difference (p=NS) / Low
Proteobacteria / No change / 0.71 (0.64-0.78) / Higher (p=5,88E-05) / Moderate
Uncultured Clostridiales / No change / 0.52 (0,40-0,64) / No difference (p=NS) / Low
Total microbiota / Increasing / 0.49 (0.42-0.56)
* Stability is assessed by Pearson correlation between consecutive time points
**Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-value, ns: not significant (>0.05)
***Stability categories.High: Pearson correlation > 0.8; moderate stability: Pearson correlation 0.6-0.8; low stability: Pearson correlation <0.6
Supplementary Table 5.The significance of covariatesas estimated using linear mixed effects model in the cohort of children with ages between 1- 5 years. Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p-values reported.
Responder / Covariate (p-value) / EffectAntibiotics / Probiotics / ZBMI / Age
Total microbiota / Richness* / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Diversity** / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Evenness*** / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Stability**** / NS / NS / NS / 0.03 / Total microbiota stability increases with age (coefficient=0.006)
Actinobacteria / Stability / NS / 0.04 / NS / NS / Increased stability in children with thesynbiotic(coefficient=0.3)
Asteroleplasma / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Bacilli / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Bacteroidetes / Stability / NS / NS / NS / 0.04 / Stability increases with age (coefficient=0.01)
Clostridium cluster I / Stability / 0.04 / NS / NS / NS / Less stable in children with antibiotics(coefficient=-0.21)
Clostridium cluster III / Relative abundance / NS / NS / NS / 0.03 / Abundance increases with age (coefficient=0.02)
Clostridium cluster IV / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Clostridium cluster IX / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Clostridium cluster XI / Relative abundance / NS / NS / NS / 0.03 / Abundance increases with age (coefficient=0.02)
Clostridium cluster XIII / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Clostridium cluster XIVa / Relative abundance / 0.02 / NS / NS / NS / Lower abundance in children with antibiotics(coefficient=-0.11)
Clostridium cluster XV / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Clostridium cluster XVI / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Clostridium cluster XVII / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Clostridium cluster XVIII / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Cynobacteria / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Fusobacteria / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Spirochaetes / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Uncultured Clostridiales / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Uncultured Mollicutes / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Proteobacteria / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Akkermansia spp. / Stability/abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Bifidobacterium spp. / Relative abundance / NS / NS / NS / NS / No effect
Butyrate-producing bacteria / Relative abundance / NS / NS / NS / 0.02 / Abundance increases with age (coefficient=0.19)
* Richness is represented by responding oligos
** Diversity is measured by Shannon's index
*** Evenness is quantified by Pielou's index
****Stability is assessed by Pearson correlation between consecutive time points
Supplementary Table 6.The common core microbiota in different age categories of children and in adults.
Core microbiota / 1 - 2 Y / 2 - 3 Y / 3 - 4 Y / AdultsPhylum-level group / Genus-level group / Freq. / M.abun
(%) / Freq. / M.abun (%) / Freq. / M.abun(%) / Freq. / M.abun (%)
Actinobacteria / Bifidobacterium / 0,85 / 13,02 / 0,96 / 10,25 / 0,92 / 9,41 / NP / NP
Bacilli / Streptococcus bovis et rel. / 0,41 / 2,38 / 0,39 / 1,51 / 0,41 / 2,10 / NP / NP
Streptococcus mitis et rel. / 0,35 / 2,14 / 0,27 / 1,25 / 0,33 / 1,72 / NP / NP
Clostridium cluster III / Clostridium stercorarium et rel. / NP / NP / NP / NP / NP / NP / 0,24 / 1,97
Clostridium cluster IV / Clostridium cellulosi et rel. / NP / NP / 0,43 / 1,68 / 0,27 / 1,35 / 0,20 / 1,29
Clostridium orbiscindens et rel. / 0,39 / 1,39 / 0,48 / 1,56 / 0,45 / 1,75 / 0,48 / 1,78
Faecalibacteriumprausnitzii et rel. / 0,47 / 4,81 / 0,57 / 8,96 / 0,57 / 6,39 / 0,73 / 10,50
Oscillospiraguillermondii et rel. / NP / NP / NP / NP / NP / NP / 0,33 / 3,55
Ruminococcuscallidus et rel. / NP / NP / 0,25 / 1,67 / 0,28 / 1,19 / 0,27 / 1,27
Subdoligranulum variable at rel. / NP / NP / NP / NP / 0,31 / 1,76 / 0,20 / 2,20
Clostridium cluster XIVa / Anaerostipescaccae et rel. / 0,67 / 6,59 / 0,59 / 4,22 / 0,76 / 4,67 / 0,53 / 2,75
Butyrivibriocrossotus et rel. / NP / NP / NP / NP / NP / NP / 0,31 / 0,95
Bryantellaformatexigens et rel. / 0,51 / 1,65 / 0,50 / 1,66 / 0,47 / 1,54 / 0,53 / 1,81
Clostridium nexile et rel. / 0,65 / 3,19 / 0,68 / 3,60 / 0,84 / 4,48 / 0,63 / 3,05
Clostridium sphenoides et rel. / 0,48 / 1,47 / 0,45 / 2,02 / 0,39 / 1,39 / 0,49 / 1,74
Clostridium symbiosum et rel. / 0,62 / 2,26 / 0,65 / 2,08 / 0,74 / 2,46 / 0,65 / 2,17
Coprococcuseutactus et rel. / 0,60 / 3,01 / 0,55 / 3,08 / 0,71 / 3,08 / 0,67 / 3,39
Doreaformicigenerans et rel. / NP / NP / 0,76 / 3,85 / 0,76 / 3,17 / 0,85 / 3,86
Eubacteriumhallii et rel. / 0,48 / 4,10 / 0,62 / 4,37 / 0,77 / 6,55 / 0,57 / 3,42
Eubacteriumrectale et rel. / 0,49 / 2,24 / 0,57 / 2,68 / 0,73 / 3,00 / 0,62 / 2,53
Eubacteriumventriosum et rel. / NP / NP / 0,50 / 1,67 / 0,63 / 2,33 / 0,58 / 2,08
Lachnospirapectinoschiza et rel. / 0,69 / 2,70 / 0,71 / 3,09 / 0,81 / 3,25 / 0,70 / 2,94
Lachnobacillusbovis et rel. / NP / NP / 0,33 / 0,86 / 0,38 / 1,40 / 0,43 / 1,62
Outgrouping clostridium cluster XIVa / 0,62 / 2,06 / 0,62 / 2,05 / 0,79 / 2,80 / 0,70 / 3,03
Ruminococcusgnavus et rel. / 0,59 / 2,98 / 0,65 / 2,30 / 0,67 / 2,14 / 0,64 / 2,37
Ruminococcusobeum et rel. / 0,92 / 12,53 / 0,88 / 11,73 / 0,92 / 11,78 / 0,92 / 10,27
Ruminococcuslactaris et rel. / NP / NP / NP / NP / 0,28 / 0,69 / 0,34 / 0,82
Roseburiaintestinalis et rel. / NP / NP / 0,39 / 1,08 / 0,32 / 1,34 / 0,44 / 1,46
Freq:Frequency, which represents the proportion of bootstrap samples where the bacterial group was selected to the core
M.abun: Mean abundance of the bacterial group
NP: Not present in the core of the age group
Butyrate-producing bacteria are underlined