Questions on reproductive System
I-Mention in short
*parts of male urethra
*comparison between male and female urethra
*ducts of male reproductive system
* ducts of female reproductive system
*glands of male reproductive system
* glands of female reproductive system
*threats that may cause production of abnormal sperms
*functions of testis
*gonadotropic hormones and their effects in male and in female
*effects of testosterone
*secodry sex characters
*functions of overy
*parts of uterus
*layers of uterine wall
*common medical problems met with from prostate
*role of bulbourethral gland
*factors analysed in semen
*risk factors for cancer cervix
*comparison between male and female gametes
*stages of menstrual cycle
*secondary female sex characters
*role of progesterone hormone
*results of fertilization
*the primary germ layers and to what they develop
*physiological effects of pregnancy on the GIT
II-Define the following
*gonads
*spermatic cord
*gametes
*spermatogenesis
*spermiogenesis
*circumcision
*castration
*vasectomy
*menopause
*ovarian cycle
*uterine cycle
*menstrual cycle
*mammography
*fertilization
*time of ovulation
*hermaphrodite
*pseudohemaphrodite
*cryptorchidism
*menarch
*PID
III-True or False
*gonads produce gametes
*gonads are mixed glands
*sex hormones play vital role in development and functions of reproductive oprgans
*sex hormones play vital role in sexual behavior and drives
*the first part of ductus d. lies in the scrotal sac
*after vasectomy,sperms are still produced
*after vasectomy,sex drives and secondary sex characters are retained
*the first part of urethra is surrounded by prostate
*urine and sperms never pass at the same time
*during ejaculation,bladder sphincter constricts
*seminal vesicle produces 60%of fluid volume of semen
*seminal vesicle secretions nourishes and activates the sperms
*sperms and seminal fluid enter urethra together during ejaculation
*male has only one prostate
*prostate is located immediately anterior to the rectum
*prostate is examined by digital ex. through the anterior rectal wall
*the energy fuel for sperm is fructose
*semen is slightly alkaline
*the alkaline semen helps neutralize the acidic vagina
*sperms are very sluggish under acidic condition
*there is no direct continuity between fallopian tube and ovary
*many ova are lost in pelvic cavity
*in late pregnancy,uterus is felt above the umbilicus
*endometrium is the site of implantation
*myometrium is important only during labour
*sperm production in male continues throughout life
*the total supply of eggs by a female is already determined by the time she is born
*the females reproductive ability usually continues throughout life
*meosis occurs inboth male and female gonads
*by birth,oogonia no longer exists
*by birth,the primary oocytes are present in ovaries
*a small number of oocytes are activated each month
*the first meotic division begins during growth of the follicle
* the first meotic division produces two cells that are dissimilar in size
*the mature follicle contains secondary oocytes
*follicle development takes 14 days
*some women have lower abdominal pain with ovulation
*usually only one of the developing follicles which burst
*maturing follicles which are not ovulated deteriorate rapidly
*the second meotic division occur only if sperm penetrates the secondary oocytes
*the polar bodies has no cytoplasm
*the function of polar bodies is to contain half of chromosomes
*if fertilization does occur,the embryo produces a hormone very similar to LH
*human chorionic gonadotropin causes the corpus luteum to continue producing its hormone
*lack of ovarian hormones causes the blood vessels of endometrium to go into spasm
*ovulation occurs at the end of proliferative stage
* proliferative stage of uterine cycle results from rising estrogen level
*secretory stage of uterine cycle results from rising progesterone level
*at puberty,production of ovarian hormones begin
*progesterone does not contribute to secondary sex characters
*during pregnancy,placenta is the main source of progesterone
*mammary glands are modified sweat glands
*second meotic division occur after the sperm penetrate the oocyte
*fertilization leads to zygote formation
*zygote is the first cell of the new individual
*rapid mitotic division begins after fertilization
*implantation is usually completed 14 days after after ovulation
*the most common reproductive problems in adults is infection
IV-Fill spaces
*the main function of ductus deferens is to propel live sperms from ------into------
*------are male gametes
*------are female gametes
*the exocrine function of testis is production of------while its endocrine function is production of------
*the fibrous connective tissue capsule of testis is called------
*termination of pregnancy before 20 weeks is called------
*the testis is divided into large number of lobules by------
*the actual sperm forming factories are------
*the first part of male duct system is------
*in connective tissue surrounding the seminiferous tubules are the------cells which produce------hormone
*------is a highly coiled tube that lies on the superior and posterolateral side of the testis
*------is a temporary storage site for the immature sperms
*in epididymis,sperms take about ----days to become mature and able to swim
*ductus deferens runs upward from ------through the------into the pelvic cavity
*ductus deferens with blood vessels and nerves with connective tissue sheeth are enclosed in a tube called------
*the end of ductus def. Joins with the duct coming from------to form------duct.this duct runs in ------gland to enter the ------
*------is the part of urethra from prostate to beginning of penis
*------is the urethra that runs within the length of penis
*seminal ves. Secretion is rich in ------and ------
*the duct of each seminal ves.joins with the ductus def. on the same side to form------
*the amount of semen ejaculated is about------,each milliter has about------sperms
*sperms live in a temperature ------degrees lower than the body
*the primary reproductive organ in male is------and in female is------
*the distal end of fallopian tube is called------,it has finger-like projections called------
*the oocyte is carried through fallopian tube by------and------
*the journey of cvulated oocyte to reach the uterus needs------days
*the oocyte, after ovulation is viable up to------
*the usual site for fertilization is------
*to reach oocyte,the sperm must swim through------and------and------
*spread of infection from fallopian tube to the pelvis may lead to severe infection called----
------.this is common cause of female ------
* by birth,the primary oocytes is surrounded by single layer of cells called------
*------is located in the pelvis between the urinary bladder and rectum
*the major part of the uterus is called------,its superior rounded region above the enterance of f. tubes is the------.Its narrow outlet thar protrudes into the vagina is called------
*the inner layer or mucosa of the uterus is known as------
*rhythmic sloughing of the endometrium in absence of pregnancy is called------
*------is the most important diagnostic test for early detection of cancer cervix
*the distal end of vagina is partially closed by a thin mucosal fold called------
*the physiological end of menstrual cycle is called------
*production of female gametes is called------while of male gametes is------
*at birth,primary oocytes number is about------,its number decreases to about------at puberty
*cyclic changes in the overy is called while in the uterus is------
*------hormone is the stimulus for growth of the follicles.it is released from------
it starts function at ------
*the maximum number of ova that female may release is about------
*the first meiotic division produces large cell called------and a very tiny cell called----
*ovulation occurs due to ------hormone,it is released from------
*ovulated secondry oocyte is surrounded by 2-3 layers of cells called------
*ruptured follicles change into glandular structure called------,it produces------hormone
*in second meotic division,secondry oocyte divides into------
*cell meosis in male produces------functional cells while in female it yields------cells
*the pigmented area in the nipple is called------,the------protrudes from its center
*------open to the outside at the nipple carrying milk
*the ovum lives for------while sperm lives------
*for fertilization to occur,intercourse must occur no more than------hours before ovulation and no later than------hours later
*the sperm completes its journey in------while the ovum needs------to reach uterus
*the early stage of embryonic development is called------
*the developing embryo reaches the uterus about------days after ovulation or on day------of the woman,s cycle
*blastocyst produces an LH-like hormone called------
*pregnant woman needs about ------additional calories daily
*the gonads do not begin to form until about------,
*when embryonic reproductive structures are identical,they are said to be in------stage
*whether male or female structures will form depends entirely on weather ------hormone is present or not
*inflammation of testis is called------
V-Match table A with Table B
Table A Table B
( ) LH 1-secreted by blastocyst
( )FSH 2-hormone of prgnancy
( )estrogen 3- for spermatogenesis and oogenesius
( )progesterone 4-leads to corpus luteum formation
( )hCG 5-developes female sex characters
( )testosterone 6-developes male sex characters
( )prolactin 7-milk ejection
( )oxytocin 8-milk formation
9-stimulates metabolism
10-posterior pituitary hormone