Physical Science Final Exam Study Review
Use this to help you study for the final exam. The correct answers are at the end.
____1.____ is the rate of change of velocity; it can be calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the time it takes the change to occur.
a.speed b.acceleration
____2.____ is the study of sound.
a.acoustics b.music
____3.____ is the force that opposes the motion of objects that move through the air.
a.gravity b.air resistance
____4.____ is a mixture of elements that has metallic properties.
a.alloy b.metal
____5.____ is the measure of the energy carried by a wave.
a.acoustics b.amplitude
____6.____ is the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of the element.
a.atom b.element
____7.____ is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus.
a.atomic number b.atomic mass
____8.____ is a chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
a.balanced chemical equation b.atomic number
____9.____ is a compound composed of two elements.
a.trianry compound b.binary compound
____10.____ is the temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid.
a.boiling point b.freezing point
____11.____ is the ability of a fluid-a liquid or a gas-to exert an upward force on an object immersed in the fluid. (ability to float.)
a.pressure b.buoyancy
____12.____ is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself.
a.chain reaction b.catalyst
____13.____ is net force that is directed toward the center of a curved or circular path.
a.gravity b.centripetal force
____14.____ is an ongoing series of fission reactions.
a.radiation b.chain reaction
____15.____ is the force that holds atoms together in a compound
a.chemical bond b.element
____16.____ is a change of one substance into a new substance.
a.chemical bond b.chemical change
____17.____ is chemical shorthand that uses symbols to tell what elements are in a compound and their ratios.
a.formula b.bond
____18.____ is any characteristic of a substance such as flammability, that indicates whether or not it can undergo a chemical change.
a.change b.chemical property
____19.____ is a closed conducting loop through which an electric current can flow.
a.wires b.circuit
____20.____ is the number in a chemical equation that represents the number of units of each substance taking part in a chemical reaction.
a.exponent b.coefficient
____21.____ is a substance formed from two or more elements in which the exact combination of elements is always the same.
a.compound b.substance
____22.____ is machine that is a combination of two or more simple machines.
a.compound machine b.tool
____23.____ is the variable in an experiment that does not change.
a.control b.constant
____24.____ is the standard used for comparison of test results in an experiment.
a.constant b.control
____25.____ is the highest point in a transverse wave.
a.top b.crest
____26.____ is mass per unit volume of a material.
a.density b.element
____27.____ is the spreading of particles throughout a given volume until they are uniformly distributed.
a.diffusion b.dispersion
____28.____ is distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point.
a.displacement b.distance
____29.____ is how far an object moves.
a.displacement b.distance
____30.____ is the ability of metals to be drawn into wires.
a.maluability b.ductile
____31.____ is the area around the nucleus of an atom where the atom’s electrons are most likely to be found.
a.nucleus b.electron cloud
____32.____ are particles that surrounds the center of an atom that have a charge of -1.
a.nucleus b.electrons
____33.____ is an organized set of procedures for testing an hypothesis; it tests the effect of one thing on another under controlled conditions.
a.lab b.experiment
____34.____ is a push or pull exerted on an object.
a.force b.weight
____35.____ is the force that opposes the sliding motion between two touching surfaces.
a.friction b.weight
____36.____ is a visual display of information or data that can provide a quick way to communicate a lot of information.
a.picture b.graph
____37.____ is the attractive force between two objects due to their position above the Earth’s surface.
a.gravity b.force
____38.____ is vertical column in the periodic table
a.group b.line
____39.____ is the amount of time it takes for half the nuclei in a sample of radioactive isotope to decay.
a.decation b.half-life
____40.____ is a compound that has water chemically attached to it.
a.hydrate b.waterable
____41.____ is a resistance to change in motion.
a.inertia b.resistance
____42.____ is substance that slows down a chemical reaction or prevents it from occuring by combining with a reactant.
a.compound b.inhibitor
____43.____ is a charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons.
a.neutral b.ion
____44.____ is atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
a.isotope b.isotope
____45.____ is the SI unit of energy.
a.joule b.newton
____46.____ is the human perception of sound intensity.
a.soundy b.loudness
____47.____ is a device that makes doing work easier.
a.machine b.mass
____48.____ is the amount of matter in an object.
a.mass b.density
____49.____ is the sum of the number of protons and nuetrons in the nucleus of the atom.
a.mass b.mass number
____50.____ is an element that is typically hard, shiny solid, malleable, and is a good conductor of electricity.
a.nonmetal b.metal
____51.____ is an element that shares some properties with metals and nonmetals.
a.metalloid b.nonmetal
____52.____ is the sum of the forces that are acting on an object.
a.net force b.gravity
____53.____ is a neutral particle, composed of quarks inside the nucleus of the atom.
a.proton b.neutron
____54.____ states that an object tends to continue the motion it is in until something changes it.
a.Newton’s first law of motion b.Newton’s second law of motion
____55.____ is the process of splitting an atomic nucleus into two or more nuclei with smaller masses.
a.fusion b.fission
____56.____ is the positively charged center of an atom that contains protons and neutrons and is surrounded by an electron cloud.
a.electron b.nucleus
____57.____ is the measure of how acidic or basic a substance is.
a.pH b.acid
____58.____ is any change in size, shape or state of matter in which the identify of the substance remains the same.
a.physical change b.chemical change
____59.____ is the fourth state of matter. It consists of positively and negatively charged particles.
a.solid b.plasma
____60.____ is the new substance formed in a chemical reaction.
a.reactant b.product
____61.____ is a particle composed of quarks inside the nucleus of an atom with a positive charge.
a.proton b.neutron
____62.____ is a particle of matter that makes up protons and neutrons.
a.material b.quark
____63.____ is the substance that reacts in a reaction.
a.product b.reactant
____64.____ is the tendency of a material to oppose electron flow or change electrical energy into thermal energy and light.
a.resistance b.refraction
____65.____ is something in nature that seems to be true all the time.
a.scientific law b.scientific theory
____66.____ is the International System of Units. The improved, universally accepted version of the metric systgem that is based on multiples of tens and includes the meter, liter, and kilogram.
a.SI b.metrics
____67.____ is frictional force that opposes the motion of two surfaces sliding past each other.
a.rolling friction b.sliding friction
____68.____ is the substance being dissolved, in a solution.
a.solvent b.solute
____69.____ is the distance an object travels per unit of time.
a.speed b.displacement
____70.____ is an element or compound that cannot be broken down into simplier components and maintain the properties of the original substance.
a.element b.substance
____71.____ is the application of science to help people.
a.scientific method b.technology
____72.____ is an explanation of things or events that is based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations.
a.theory b.hypothesis
____73.____ is the speed and direction of a moving object.
a.displacement b.velocity
____74.____ is a fluid’s resistance to flow.
a.viscosity b.fluilidity
____75.____ is the amount of space occupied by an object.
a.mass b.volume
____76.____ is the chemical symbol for hydrogen
a.h b.H c.Hy
____77.____ is the chemical symbol for oxygen.
a.o b.Ox c.O
____78.____ is the chemical symbol for chlorine.
a.cl b.Cl c.C
____79.____ is the chemical symbol for sodium.
a.S b.Na c.s
____80.____ is chemical symbol for copper.
a.C b.Cu
____81.____ is the chemical symbol for gold.
a.G b.Au
____82.There are ____ centimeters in a meter.
a.10 b.100 c.1000
____83.The formula for density is ______.
a.D = m/v b.D = v/m
____84.The formula for speed is ____.
a.S = D/T b.S = T/D
____85.How many protons are in the nucleus of an hydrogen atom?
a.one b.two
____86.A magnesium atom has 12 protons and 12 neutrons. What is its mass number?
a.24 b.12
____87.John rode his bike 2.3 km to school. After school, he rode an additional 1.4 km to the mall in the opposite direction. What is his total distance traveled?
a.3.7 km b..9 km
____88.An ant traveled 75 cm in 5 s. What was the ant’s speed?
a.15 m/s b.25 m/s2
____89.How many centimeters are in 4 meters?
a.400 b.4
____90.On a distance-time graph, time is the horizontal axis and ____ is the vertical axis.
a.time b.speed
____91.When a car slows down its speed is decreasing and the car has ___ acceleration.
a.positive b.negative c.no
____92.In a car crash, ___ causes an unrestrained passenger to continue moving at the speed of the car before the crash.
a.gravity b.momentum c.inertia
____93.The greater the mass of an object, the ___ its inertia.
a.greater b.smaller
____94.What is the formula for calculating acceleration given force and mass?
a.a = m/f b.a = f/m
____95.What is the acceleration of a helicopter if its mass is 4500 kg and the net force on i8t is 18,000 n?
a.4.0 m/s2 b.3.0 m/s2
____96.Newton’s third law of motion says that for every ____ there is an equal and opposite reaction.
a.mass b.action
____97.The gravitational acceleration, g, near Earth’s surface equalks ___ m/s2.
a.8.9 b.9.8
____98.There are several forms of energy: electrical, chemical, radiant and ______.
a.thermal b.positive
____99.Stored energy is called ___ energy.
a.kinetic b.potential
____100.___ energy is the energy of moving objects or energy in motion.
a.kinetic b.potential
Physical Science Final Exam
Answer Section
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