Unit 1 Measurement & Matter ReviewNAME:______

Study Tips for the Test:

  • How does your cheat sheet look? Neat? Clear? You will be able to use your own cheat sheet, however you must be able to quickly locate the information you need.
  • Don’t forget to circle your math answer and remember units for your number.
  • VOCABULARY, VOCABULARY, VOCABULARY!!! Review all the relevant vocabulary for the unit.
  • Study the POGILs. They are designed to help YOU discover the material, rather than a boring text.
  • Review examples and pictures in the textbook. Do NOT attempt to re-read chapters before the test.
  • Mark up the test. Cross out choices that are not the answer. Underline or highlight what you know or what is given, and circle what the question is asking:
  • You measure an object to be 215,000 g. You are asked to write your answer in scientific notation. Which of the following can you conclude about your measurement?

a.It has 6 significant figures and should be written 2.15000 x 105.

b.You should round the 1 up to 2 because it is followed by a 5.

c.The answer is too small to be written in scientific notation.

d.It has 3 significant figures and should be written 2.15 x 105.

Scientific Method: For this material, you will be given a scenario and be asked to identify components of experimental design.

Jonas Salk: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial – In 1954, Jonas Salk had developed a vaccine to fight polio, a disease known to cause paralysis. This study enrolled 1.3 million children and is the largest medical field trial ever conducted. Having this many participants meant a carefully designed experiment in which children were randomly assigned to one of two groups—the placebo injection group or the polio vaccine group. Additionally, this study was double-blind, meaning that no one, not the child, the parent, the person giving the injection, nor the person assessing the child’s health, knew which group the child was assigned. The child was assigned a numbered vial to inject and then waited through an observation period. Researchers recorded whether the child exhibited signs of polio or not. The success of this study resulted in a vaccine that prevented paralytic polio, successfully eliminating the disease in the Western Hemisphere.

  1. Give a possible hypothesis for this study.
  1. Describe the control group.
  1. What is the independent variable?
  1. What is the dependent variable?
  1. What is the difference between a theory and a law? Give an example of both.

Math in Chemistry:

  1. Convert the following into scientific notation:

569,000,000

0.000009890

1234.5

  1. Convert each into decimal form:

6.78 x 109

3.40 x 10-6

5.67 x 10-8

  1. Determine the number of significant figures in each of the following:

78,000

909

0.00203

5000

  1. Calculate the following. Show your work for partial credit and circle your final answer. BE SURE TO USE THE CORRECT NUMBER OF SIGNIFICANT FIGURES IN YOUR FINAL CIRCLED ANSWER:

6.78 x 105=

2.0 x 103

(6.790 x 103)(1.02 x 10-2)(1.22 x 102) =

(3.45 x 104) + (2.01 x 103) =

(6.123 x 10-1) – (4.09 x 10-1) =

  1. What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative? Use examples in your explanation.
  1. Using any example from class (mass measurements, dart board, etc.), explain accuracy and precision. Add why it is important to chemistry.
  1. If the mass of a solid block is 45.5 g and the volume is 35.6 cm3.
  2. What is the density of the block? (DON’T FORGET ABOUT REPORTING YOUR ANSWER TO THE CORRECT SIG FIGS!)
  1. The actual density of the solid is 1.30g/cm3. What is the percent error?

Representing Data:

  1. For each of the examples, indicate whether the data is numerical-continuous or non-numerical-discrete and whether the appropriate graphic is a line graph or bar graph.
  2. IV=time DV=amount of rainfall
  3. IV=state DV=speed limit
  4. IV=temperature DV=air pressure

How is Matter Classified:

  1. Fill in the flow chart with the terms, its definition, and an example-matter, pure substances, mixtures, homogeneous, heterogeneous.
  1. What is the difference between an element and a compound?
  2. Elements are pure substances and compounds are not
  3. Elements cannot be separated into simpler substances and compounds can be separated by chemical means
  4. Elements are combustible and compounds are not
  5. Elements are the simplest form of matter and compounds are pure substance
  1. Indicate whether each the following is a mixture, compound, or element, and why you chose that term:
  2. Carbon dioxide
  3. Mercury
  4. Tap water
  5. Gold
  6. Milk
  7. Contrast physical and chemical properties. Include intensive and extensive in your discussion of physical properties.
  1. Can physical changes be undone? Explain. Can chemical changes be undone? Explain.
  1. A 10.3 g sample of calcium carbonate yields 3.2 g of calcium oxide. According to the law of conservation of mass, how much carbon dioxide is produced?

CaCO3CaO + CO2

  1. Kyle performed the sand and salt separation experiment. His filtration yielded 54.32 g of sand and 9.2 g of salt. The actual values were 54.21 g of sand and 10.0 g of salt. What was his percent error for both sand and salt? Don’t forget to round your answer to the correct significant figure/digits.

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