MLA Citation Format for Footnotes
ü Citing further information:
For more on the Greek conception of “humando” see Cornel West, “Philosophy” in Hope on a Tightrope: Words and Wisdom (New York: Smiley Books, 2008), 25; Also see….
ü Book Citation
In a footnote:
See Cornel West, Democracy Matters: Winning the Fight Against Imperialism (New York: Penguin Books, 2004) pgs. 33-48.
In an endnote or works cited page:
West, Cornel, Democracy Matters: Winning the Fight Against Imperialism (New York: Penguin Books, 2004) pgs. 33-48.
Or
West, Cornel. Democracy Matters: Winning the Fight Against Imperialism. New York: Penguin Books, 2004. Pgs. 33-48.
ü Lecture Citation
Lecturer's name. "Title of lecture." Meeting. Name of sponsoring organization. Location of lecture, date.
Citing Sources
Citing an idea:
In her essay “Straightening our Hair” bell hooks suggests that hair straightening in the African American community is historically linked to Eurocentric standards of beauty (hooks 69). (author pg number).
Learning how to die is a fundamental aspect of living.
In Plato’s Republic, Plato argues that “[p]hilosophy is a meditation on and preparation on death” (Plato 69).
Books must be underlined or italicized. Sample: Plato’s Republic
Articles, journal entries, book chapters, or essays must be placed in quotes. Sample: “Plato’s Republic”
Quoting an author verbatim:
In her essay “Straightening our Hair” bell hooks argues that black women’s hair straightening practices are historically related to the politics of “white supremacist oppression and exploitation” (hooks 70).
Quoting an author verbatim for more than three sentences:
In her essay “Straightening our Hair” bell hooks suggests that hair straightening in the African American community is historically linked to Eurocentric standards of beauty (hooks 69). hooks writes:
Within white supremacist capitalist patriarchy, the social and political context in which
the custom of black folks straightening our hair emerges, it represents an imitation of
dominant white group’s appearance and often indicates internalized racism, self-hatred,
and/or low self-esteem. During the 1960s black people who actively worked to critique,
challenge, and change white racism pointed to the way in which black people’s obsession
with straight hair reflected a colonized mentality (hooks 68).
Hooks’ essay attempts to add nuance to the debate about internalized self-hatred in the African American female community.
Quoting with footnotes:
In her essay “Straightening our Hair” bell hooks argues that black women’s hair straightening practices are historically related to the politics of “white supremacist oppression and exploitation.”[1] hooks argues that within a system of white supremacist capitalist patriarchy, hair straightening represents “an imitation of dominant white group’s appearance and often indicates internalized racism, self-hatred, and/or low self-esteem.”[2]
GGGGG[3]
Hooks, 67.
[1] hooks, bell. “Straightening Our Hair” in Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black. Boston, MA: South End Press, 1989. pg. 68.
[2] Ibid, pg. 71.
[3] Ibid, pg. 97