A Bxwzi Ch V Jvpbv

2011-12 A_©eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡ki mvgwóK

A_©bxwZi ch©v‡jvPbv

(Z…Zxq we‡k­lY)

mvi-ms‡¶c

M‡elYv cÎwU wmwcwW-i AvBAviwewW†cÖvMÖv‡gi Aax‡b cÖ¯‘ZK…Z

m¤ú~Y© cÖwZ‡e`bwU wb‡Pi wjsK †_‡K cvIqv hv‡e:

4 Ryb 2012

m~wP

......

1. f~wgKv ...... 3

2. mvgwóK A_©bxwZ we‡k­lY ...... 3

2.1 cÖe„w×i k­_MwZ ...... 3

2.2 ivR¯^ LvZ: `ye©jZg w`K...... 5

2.3 gy`ªvbxwZ: cÖe„w×i c‡_ evav ...... 6

2.4 ˆe‡`wkK †jb‡`b fvimvg¨: wec`mxgvi evB‡i bq ...... 8

3. wewb‡qvM cwiw¯’wZ ...... 8

4. Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó ...... 11

5. bxwZ ch©v‡jvPbv Ges bxwZ ms¯‹v‡i D‡`¨vM ...... 12

6. Dcmsnvi ...... 15

cwiwkó 1: K…wl I Lv`¨ wbivcËv cÖm‡½ ...... 16

cwiwkó2:we`y¨r Lv‡Z Ae¨e¯’vcbv Ges A_©bxwZ‡Z Gi bvbvgyLx AwfNvZ...... 17

1. f~wgKv

RvZxq, AvÂwjK Ges wek¦ A_©‰bwZK cwigʇj D™¢yZ wewfbœ NUbv cÖev‡ni Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ we`vqx A_©eQi (2011-2012) wQj †ek D‡ØMc~Y©| `xN©w`‡bi KvVv‡gvMZ mgm¨vi cvkvcvwk bZzbfv‡e D™¢yZ wewfbœ mgm¨v †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK cwigʇj cÖfve †d‡j‡Q| mvgwóK A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’vcbv, miKv‡ii FY MÖn‡Yi cÖeYZv,ˆe‡`wkK mvnv‡h¨i mبenvi, evwl©K Dbœqb Kg©m~wP (GwWwc) ev¯—evqb Ges ivR¯^ Avq evov‡bvi welq¸‡jv Pjgvb A_©eQ‡i wQj Av‡jvPbvi †K›`ªwe›`y‡Z|cyuwRevRv‡i aŸm bvgvi AwfNvZ cy‡iv A_©bxwZi Ici weiƒc cÖfve †d‡j‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K, D”P g~j¨ùxwZi Kvi‡Ykm¨ Drcv`b, mvgvwRK wbivcËv‡eóbx Kvh©µg Ges Lv`¨ wbivcËv welqK bxwZ¸‡jvi Ici wewfbœgyLx Pvc Abyf~Z n‡”Q| Zvi Ic‡i `ye©j AeKvVv‡gv,we‡klZtcwienb I hvZvqvZ, M¨vm Ges we`y¨‡Zi AcÖZzjZv bxwZ-wba©viK,D‡`¨v³v Ges mvaviY Rbgvby‡liRb¨ wPš—vi KviY n‡q `vuovq| cÙv †mZz wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ wek¦e¨vs‡Ki KvQ †_‡K FY cvIqvi AwbðqZv mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZ‡K AviI †Nvjv‡U K‡i‡Q| †mBmv‡_ evsjv‡`k-fviZ †hvMv‡hvM welqK RwUjZv Ges BD‡iv‡Rv‡b A_©‰bwZK wech©q miKv‡ii eZ©gvb A_©‰bwZKbxwZi mvg‡b bZzb P¨v‡jÄ n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| eQ‡ii †kl cÖv‡š— Avš—R©vwZK gy`ªv Znwe‡ji (AvBGgGd) mv‡_ FY MÖnY Pzw³ miKv‡ii A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’vcbvqwfbœ gvwÎKZv hy³ K‡i‡Q|

eZ©gvb ch©v‡jvPbv cÖwZ‡e`bwU 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii Ici wmwcwWÕi Z…Zxq Ges me©‡kl we‡k­lY| G we‡k­l‡Y KwZcq mywbw`©ó wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ Kivi cvkvcvwk wKQz avivevwnK we‡k­lY Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î c~e©eZx© `y‡Uv ch©v‡jvPbv cÖwZ‡e`‡bi g‡Zv mvgwóK A_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZi msw¶ß g~j¨vqb GesKwZcq ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wel‡qi IcibZzb Z‡_¨i gva¨‡g we‡k­lY Kiv n‡q‡Q| eZ©gvb ch©v‡jvPbv cÖwZ‡e`bwU mv¤cÖwZK mg‡qi wZbwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© A_©‰bwZK wel‡q we‡k­lY Zz‡j a‡i‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡jv, wewb‡qvM e„w×, Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó Ges bxwZms¯‹vi| A_©bxwZi KvVv‡gvMZ P¨v‡jĸ‡jvi †cÖw¶‡Z GB cÖwZ‡e`‡b wewfbœ we‡k­lY Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|

ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡Lbv †h, wewb‡qv‡Mi k­_MwZ cÖZ¨vwkZ A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× AR©b‡K wcwQ‡q wb‡q hv‡”Q | Ab¨w`‡K miKvwi bxwZ KvVv‡gvi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ wn‡m‡e Avqea©K Kg©ms¯’vb‡K †NvlYv Kiv n‡jI G‡¶‡Î miKv‡ii AR©bUzKz ch©vß Z_¨-Dcv‡Ëi Afv‡e we‡k­lY Kiv m¤¢eci nqwb| eZ©gvb miKv‡ii †NvwlZ bxwZ ms¯‹vi wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv Zz‡j aiviD‡Ïk¨ n‡jv cÖvwZôvwbK cÖwZeÜKZv¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© AviI mg¨K aviYv cvIqv| cÖwZ‡e`‡b DÌvwcZ wZbwU Bmy¨i mv‡_ †`‡ki `xN©‡gqvw` Dbœq‡bi welqwUI RwoZ| GQvovI G cÖwZ‡e`bwU‡Z dmj Drcv`b Ges Lv`¨ wbivcËvi eZ©gvb cwiw¯’wZi GKwU weeiY †`qv n‡q‡Q| mvgwMÖKfv‡e, eZ©gvb ch©v‡jvPbvwU‡Z `xN©‡gqvw` j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡bi †cÖ¶vc‡U A_©bxwZi e„nËi K¨vbfvm Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|

2. mvgwóK A_©bxwZ we‡k­lY

2.1 cÖe„w×i k­_MwZ

2011-12 A_©eQ‡i †gvU †`kR Drcv`‡bi (wRwWwc) cÖe„w×i j¶¨gvÎv 7 kZvsk wba©viY Kiv n‡qwQj|wKš‘ evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb ey¨‡iv (weweGm)-Gi Aš—e©Z©xKvjxb ch©v‡jvPbv ej‡Q Zv AR©b m¤¢e bq| cÖv_wgK cÖv°j‡b eZ©gvb A_©eQ‡i cÖe„w× 6.3 kZvsk aiv n‡q‡Q, hv j¶¨gvÎvi †P‡q 0.7 kZvsk Kg| cÖe„w×i G wbgœ nvi wbtm‡›`‡n eZ©gvb miKv‡ii `xN©‡gqvw` cÖ‡Póv‡K e¨vnZ Ki‡e| 2010-11 Ges 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii wRwWwc cÖe„w×i LvZwfwËK we‡k­lY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq - eZ©gvb A_©eQ‡ii ewa©Z cÖe„wׇZ K…wli Ae`vb gvÎ 0.5 kZvsk, hv MZ A_©eQ‡i wQj 1.0 kZvsk| ewa©Z †`kR Drcv`‡b K…wli Ae`v‡bi Aebgb mvgwMÖK cÖe„w×i Aebg‡bi (0.4 kZvsk) †P‡q †ewk wQj| A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× n«vm cvevi †¶‡Î K…wl Lv‡Z, we‡klZ km¨ Lv‡Z cÖZ¨vwkZ cÖe„w× bv nIqv‡K `vqx Kiv hvq| Ab¨w`‡K †`kR Drcv`‡bi ewa©Z As‡k wkí Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×i Ask 2.8 kZvsk, hv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q wk‡ívrcv`b Ges wbg©vY Lv‡Zi Ae`v‡bi gva¨‡g| G cÖe„w× wQj GhverKv‡ji g‡a¨ m‡e©v”P| ewa©Z cÖe„wׇZ †mevLv‡Zi Ae`vb wQj 2.9 kZvsk|

cy‡iv A_©eQ‡ii c~Y©v½ Z_¨ cvIqv †M‡j wRwWwci wnmve cybivq cÖv°jb Kiv n‡e| †m‡¶‡Î, wKQz m¤ú~iK m~PK Abyhvqx wk‡ívrcv`b Lv‡Zi wbgœgyLx mgš^‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| †h‡nZz †mev Lv‡Zi wKQz Dcv`vb cÖK…Z Lv‡Zi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z, ZvB Gi cÖe„w×I wKQzUv cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨w`‡K, km¨ DcLv‡Zi cÖe„wׇK †ev‡iv Drcv`‡bi c~Y© wnmv‡ei wfwˇZ cieZx©‡Z EaŸ©gyLx mgš^q Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| G mKj m¤¢vebv gv_vq †i‡L GK_v ejv hvq †h, 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii cÖe„w×i P~ovš— cÖv°jb cÖv_wgK cÖv°j‡bi 6.3 kZvsk †P‡q Kg n‡e| lô cÂevwl©Kxi wØZxq eQ‡i wRwWwci Ask wn‡m‡e wewb‡qv‡Mi MwZ cÖZ¨vkvgvwdK e„w× cvqwb| e¨w³Lv‡Z wewb‡qvM 2011-12 A_©eQ‡i wRwWwci Ask wn‡m‡e 19.1 kZvsk hv MZ eQi wQj 19.5 kZvsk| hw`I miKvwi wewb‡qvM wRwWwci Ask wnmv‡e 6.3 kZvsk aiv n‡q‡Q, G wnmv‡ei wbgœgyLx mgš^q AeavwiZ| wmwcwWi wnmve Abyhvqx ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci eiv‡Ïi Aš—Z 10 fvM Aev¯—evwqZ †_‡K hv‡e| †m wn‡m‡e miKvix wewb‡qvMI cÖv°wjZ wnmv‡ei Zzjbvq Kg n‡e| GKvi‡Y miKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi cwigvY wRwWwci 5.7 kZvs‡ki †ewk nevi K_v bq| d‡j †gvU wewb‡qvM wRwWwci Ask wn‡m‡e cÖv°wjZ 25.4 kZvsk †_‡K K‡g 24.8 kZvs‡k n«vm †c‡Z cv‡i| G wnmve mwVK n‡j 2011-12 A_©eQ‡i †gvU wewb‡qvMI Av‡Mi eQ‡ii Zzjbvq n«vm cv‡e|

lô cÂevwl©K cwiKíbvAbyhvqx AvMvgx A_©eQ‡ii wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎvq (29.6 kZvsk) †cŠuQv‡Z n‡j 4.2 kZvsk cwigvY evowZ wewb‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| G‡¶‡Î weKí c_ n‡jv †emiKvwi wewb‡qvM e„w×, hv eZ©gvb eQ‡ii wRwWwci 19.1 kZvsk †_‡K evwo‡q 22.7 kZvs‡k DbœxZ Ki‡Z n‡e| eZ©gvb mvgwóK A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’vcbvq G j¶¨ AR©b KóKi n‡e| Ab¨w`‡K,µgea©gvb g~jab-Drcv`b AbycvZ (ICOR), 2011 mv‡ji 3.7 †_‡K †e‡o 2012 mv‡j 4.0-G G‡m `uvwo‡q‡Q, hv g~ja‡bi A`¶Zv‡KBcÖKvk K‡i| G Ae¯’vq miKvix Ges †emiKvix Lv‡Z `ª“Z wewb‡qvM e„w× Qvov 2013 mv‡j cÖZ¨vwkZ A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× AR©b `yiƒn n‡e|

2012-13 A_©eQ‡ii Rb¨ wRwWwc cÖe„w×i j¶¨gvÎv 7.3 kZvsk wba©vwiZ n‡q‡Q hv G A_©eQ‡ii Zzjbvq 1 kZvsk †ewk| eZ©gvb wewb‡qvM cwiw¯’wZi wbix‡L G j¶¨gvÎv AR©b †gv‡UB mnR n‡e bv| Ggyn~‡Z© cÖvß Z_¨ †_‡K Af¨š—ixY mÂq K‡g hvIqvi cÖeYZv Kx gvÎvq miKvi, cwievi ev e¨emvqx cÖwZôvb †_‡K D™¢yZ n‡q‡Q Zv Abygvb Kiv hv‡”Q bv| G‡¶‡Î wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq `ª‡e¨i g~j¨ e„w×I f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q e‡j aviYv Kiv hvq| Ab¨w`‡K Af¨š—ixY m‡qi †¶‡Î 2010-11 A_©eQ‡i †h Aebgb n‡q‡Q (19.3 kZvsk, hv 2010 mv‡j wQj 20.1 kZvsk) Zv 2011-12 A_©eQ‡i cybi“×vi m¤¢e bq e‡jB cÖZxqgvb n‡”Q|

2.2 ivR¯^ LvZ: `ye©jZg w`K

2011-12 A_©eQ‡i ivR¯^ e¨e¯’vcbv †ek Pv‡ci g‡a¨ AwZevwnZ n‡q‡Q| ivR¯^ e¨q Ges Kªgea©gvb fZ©ywK Pvwn`vi wecix‡Z ˆe‡`wkK Ges e¨vsK-ewnf~©Z Drm †_‡K miKv‡ii A_© cÖvwß n‡q‡Q LyeB Kg| 2010-11 A_©eQ‡ii ivR¯^ Lv‡Zi cwiw¯’wZ Ges 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii j¶¨gvÎv we‡k­lY Ki‡j †h dvivK †ewi‡q Av‡m Zvi Rb¨ j¶¨gvÎvi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡Zi ivR¯^ cwiKíbvi mgš^qnxbZv‡K `vqx Kiv hvq| me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K w`KwU n‡jv, fZz©wK j¶¨gvÎvi mv‡_ miKv‡ii we`y¨rLv‡Zi wewfbœ cÖKí ev¯—evqb, we‡klZ fvovwfwËK we`y¨r †K›`ª Ges mswk­ó R¡vjvwb Pvwn`v e„w×i g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi Afve wQj cÖKU|

mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q D”P miKvwi e¨‡qi ev‡RU KvVv‡gv‡Z RvZxq ivR¯^ †ev‡W©i ivR¯^ Av`v‡q eo ai‡bi mvdj¨ wQj ¯^w¯—`vqK GKwU welq| cÖ_g wZb cÖvwš—‡K ivR¯^ †evW© Avg`vwb ïé, f¨vU (†`kxq ch©vq) Ges AvqKi Av`v‡q `¶Zv †`wL‡q j¶¨gvÎvi †P‡q (15.7 kZvsk) †ewk cÖe„w× AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| hw` eZ©gvb cÖe„w× eRvq _v‡K, Z‡e A_©eQi †k‡l ivR¯^ †evW© Zvi 91,870 †KvwU UvKvi j¶¨gvÎv Qvwo‡q AwZwi³ Av‡iv 1,500 †KvwU UvKv Av`vq Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e e‡j g‡b nq| Gi gva¨‡g ci ci `yÕeQi ivR¯^ †evW© Zvi ivR¯^ Av`v‡qi j¶¨gvÎv Qvwo‡q †h‡Z m¶g n‡e| Ki-ewnf~©Z Av‡qi †¶‡ÎI RyjvB-Rvbyqvwi mgqKv‡j fv‡jv Ae¯’v cwijw¶Z n‡q‡Q| †¯ú±ªvg Ges jvB‡mÝ bevq‡bi Av‡qi Kvi‡Y GLvZ †_‡K AwR©Z Av‡qi cªe„w× wQj cÖvq 61.8 kZvsk (RyjvB-Rvbyqvwi)| Z‡e ivR¯^-ewnf~©Z Ki Av`v‡q k­_ MwZ j¶ Kiv †M‡Q, RyjvB-Rvbyqvwi mgqKv‡j Gi cÖe„w× wQj 11 kZvski g‡Zv, hw`I 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii Rb¨ j¶¨gvÎv avh©¨ Kiv n‡qwQj 18.7 kZvsk|

mvwe©Kfv‡e ivR¯^ Av`v‡qi eZ©gvb AMªMwZ ivR¯^ e¨‡qi AwfNvZ mvgvj †`evi Rb¨ h‡_ó wQj bv| 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii RyjvB-Rvbyqvwi mgqKv‡j ivR¯^ e¨q j¶¨gvÎv‡K (12 kZvsk) Qvwo‡q 32.5 kZvsk cÖe„w× AR©b K‡i‡Q| G e¨‡qi AwaKvskB wQj - m¤ú` AwaMÖnY, my` cÖ`vb Ges fZy©wK I Ab¨vb¨ e¨q wbe©v‡ni mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| GmgqKv‡j †gvU ewa©Z ivR¯^ e¨‡qi 50 fvMB G‡m‡Q fZz©wK I Aby`vb LvZ †_‡K(hw`I evsjv‡`k †c‡Uªvwjqvg K‡c©v‡ikb ev we`y¨r Dbœqb †ev‡W©i fZz©wK G‡Z Aš—fy©³ bq)| Ab¨w`‡K, miKv‡ii FY MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡`q Af¨š—ixY my‡`i cÖe„w× wQj 23.7 kZvsk| 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii RyjvB-Rvbyqvwi mg‡q Af¨š—ixY F‡Yi AvIZvq cwi‡kvwaZ my‡`i Ask †gvU ivR¯^ e¨‡qi 20 kZvs‡ki †ewk| Gme e¨‡qi †cÖ¶vc‡U mvwe©K †`bv cwiw¯’wZ wKQzUv wPš—vi D‡`ªK Ki‡jI Zv GLbI wec`mxgvi wb‡P Av‡Q| fZ©ywKRwbZ Pvwn`vi AcÖZ¨vwkZ cÖe„w× 2011-12 A_©eQ‡i ivR¯^ e¨e¯’vcbvq Aw¯’wZkxjZvi Av‡iKwU KviY| fZ©ywKi cÖv_wgK cÖv°jb wQj 20,447 †KvwU UvKv|2011-12 A_©eQ‡i wKQzUv AMÖmi nevi ciB †evSv †M‡Q †h, fZ©ywKi cÖv°jb mwVK wQj bv| we`y¨r †K‡›`ªi Rb¨B R¡vjvwb †Z‡ji †h µgea©gvb Pvwn`v m„wó n‡q‡Q,Zv †gUv‡bv miKv‡ii Rb¨ wQj LyeB `yiƒn| GKvi‡Y R¡vjvwb †Zj mieivn n«vm K‡i miKvi‡K we`y¨r Drcv`b ¶gZv Kg e¨envi Kivi †KŠkj wb‡Z n‡q‡Q| GKBmv‡_ R¡vjvwb †Zj Ges we`y¨‡Zi `v‡gi mgš^q Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q g~j¨ e„w× K‡i| Gi ciI fZy©wK Pvwn`v †e‡o `vuwo‡q‡Q 40,000 †KvwU UvKvi g‡Zv, hv wRwWwci cÖvq 4.4 kZvs‡ki mgcwigvY| Gi mgvavb wn‡m‡e miKvi 10,000 †KvwU UvKvi g‡Zv fZz©wKRwbZ e¨q 2012-13 A_©eQ‡i ¯’vbvš—‡ii wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j mvg‡bi A_©eQ‡ii ev‡R‡U GKwUAš—wb©wnZ Aw¯’wZkxjZv m„wói AvksKv i‡q hv‡e e‡j AvksKv nq| Avevi AvBGgGd-Gi mv‡_ ¯^v¶wiZ Pzw³i Ask wn‡m‡e wW‡m¤^i 2012-Gi g‡a¨ †`kxq R¡vjvwb †Z‡ji g~j¨ Avš—R©vwZK g~‡j¨i mv‡_ mgš^q Ki‡Z¯^xK…Z n‡q‡QmiKvi| Gai‡bi g~j¨mgš^‡qi d‡j g~j¨ùxwZ Av‡iK`dv e„w×i m¤¢vebv †_‡K †M‡Q|

ivR¯^ e¨‡qi wecix‡Z miKv‡ii Dbœqb e¨‡qi wPÎ G‡Kev‡iB wfbœ| 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii cÖ_g wZb cÖvwš—‡K Dbœqb e¨q †ek Kg nevi Kvi‡Y mvgwMÖK Dbœqb e¨q 5,000 †KvwU UvKv †_‡Kn«vm K‡i 41,000 †KvwU UvKvq cybwb©a©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| RyjvB-GwcÖj 2012 mgqKv‡j GwWwcigvÎ 55.4 kZvskev¯—evqb n‡q‡Q - hv wQj G miKv‡ii Avg‡j me©wbgœ| Ab¨w`‡K ˆe‡`wkK FY e¨env‡i wbgœnvi (gvÎ 47.5 kZvsk) †`kxq Drm †_‡K miKv‡ii Dbœqb e¨q †gUv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv‡K AviI evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q (†gvU e¨‡qi cÖvq 68.6 kZvsk)|

wmwcwWi wnmve Abymv‡i G eQi ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci ev¯—evqb cÖvq 9,300 †KvwU UvKvi g‡Zv Kg n‡Z cv‡i| ms‡kvwaZ GwWwc ev¯—evq‡bi cwigvY g~j GwWwci 79.8 kZvsk Ges ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci cÖvq 89.5 kZvsk| cÖv°wjZ wn‡me Abymv‡i GwWwc-wRwWwci AbycvZ 4 kZvs‡k †b‡g †h‡Z cv‡i Ñ hv 2008 mvj cieZx© GwWwc ev¯—evq‡bi AMÖMwZi †h avivi m„wó n‡qwQj Zvi wecixZ wPÎ cÖKvk K‡i| ˆe‡`wkK Drm Ges Af¨š—ixY Drm e¨env‡ii AbycvZ w¯’i _vK‡j eZ©gvb A_©eQ‡i ˆe‡`wkK F‡Yi e¨envi n‡e 2001 mv‡ji c‡i me©wbgœ| wbgœ ch©v‡qi ˆe‡`wkK FY e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y ev‡RU NvUwZ †gUv‡Z miKv‡ii AwZwi³ e¨vsK FY e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y A_©bxwZ‡Z wewfbœgyLx Pv‡ci m„wó n‡q‡Q| 21 †g 2012 Zvwi‡L e¨vsK †_‡K miKv‡ii FY MÖnY wQj 18,452 †KvwU UvKv, hv cy‡iv eQ‡ii j¶¨gvÎv‡K Qvwo‡q †M‡Q| Gi d‡j miKvi‡K e¨vsK FY MÖn‡Yi j¶¨gvÎv 27,900 †KvwU UvKvq cybwb©a©viY Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|

GwWwci AvIZvaxb Kg©m~wPi 20wU e„nr cÖK‡íi Ici Rvbyqvwi 2009 †_‡K b‡f¤^i 2011 mgqKv‡j cwiPvwjZ wmwcwWi GK M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, µg‡hvwRZ wnmv‡eïaygvÎ 10.3 kZvsk KvR ev¯—evwqZ n‡q‡Q| G †_‡K cÙv eªxR cÖKí hw` ev`I ivLv nq Zvn‡jI ev¯—evq‡bi nvi `uvovq gvÎ 13.2 kZvs‡k;evwK 19wU cÖK‡í cÖv_wgK Kv‡Ri ci Avi †Kvb e¨qB †`Lv‡bv nqwb|

wmwcwWi Av‡iKwU M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, 2012 A_©eQ‡ii 20wU e„nr ˆe‡`wkK mvnvh¨cyó cÖK‡íi AMÖMwZ †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h, GwWwc ev¯—evq‡bi ¯’weiZv A‡c¶vK…Z e„nrI ˆe‡`wkK mvnv‡h¨ ev¯—evwqZ cÖKí¸‡jvi †¶‡Î †ewk cwijw¶Z nq|

e¨vsK FY e¨env‡ii bvbvgyLx AwfNvZ we‡ePbvq wb‡j we‡`kx Drm †_‡K cÖvß F‡Y ev¯—evwqZ cÖKímg~‡n †ewk ¸i“Z¡ †`qv Ri“wi n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q| GeQ‡ii ïi“‡Z cÖwZkÖ“Z ˆe‡`wkK FY cvBcjvB‡b wQj cÖvq 14 wewjqb Wjvi| wØZxq weKí wn‡m‡e miKv‡ii Kv‡Q i‡q‡Qe¨vsK-ewnf~©Z LvZ †_‡K A_© e¨env‡ii my‡hvM| Gj‡¶¨ GeQi miKvi bZzb K‡qKwU mÂq ¯‹xg Pvjy Kivi wm×vš— wb‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡jv, eq¯‹, K…lK, QvÎ Ges kvixwiK cÖwZeÜx‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v mÂq ¯‹xg| Gme ¯‹xg m¤^‡Ü we¯—vwiZ Z_¨ GLbI Rvbv hvqwb| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© we‡eP¨ welqn‡jv - †emiKvix Lv‡Zi mÂq ¯‹x‡gi wecix‡Z miKv‡ii G ¯‹xg¸‡jv cÖwZ‡hvwMZv m¶g bv n‡j G¸‡jvi gva¨‡g ch©vß mÂq AvniY m¤¢eci bvI n‡Z cv‡i| G welqwU mZK© we‡ePbvi `vwe iv‡L|

2.3 gy`ªvbxwZ: cÖe„w×i c‡_ evav

Pjgvb A_©eQ‡ii †kl ch©v‡q `vuwo‡q µgea©gvb `ªe¨g~j¨ cwiw¯’wZi †Kv‡bv eo cwieZ©b Avkv Kiv hv‡”Q bv| eZ©gvb D”P g~j¨ùxwZi g~j KviY Drcv`b e¨q e„w×cÖm~Z Ges KvVv‡gvMZ| GwcÖj 2012 mv‡ji 10.9 kZvsk g~j¨ùxwZi g‡a¨ 7.4 kZvsk G‡m‡Q Lv`¨g~j¨ùxwZ Ges 3.5 kZvsk G‡m‡Q Lv`¨-ewnf~©Z g~j¨ùxwZ †_‡K| GmgqKv‡j ewa©Z 2.4 kZvsk g~j¨ùxwZi cÖvq 82.7 kZvsk G‡m‡Q Lv`¨-ewnf~©Z g~j¨ùxwZ n‡Z| Lv`¨-ewnf~©Z g~j¨ùxwZi †¶‡Î A‡c¶vK…Z †ewk Ae`vb i‡q‡Q †hme Lv‡Zi †m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q:e¯¿ I Ab¨vb¨ cwi‡aq (0.6 kZvsk); fvov, R¡vjvwb Ges M„n Av‡jvK mvgMÖx (0.6 kZvsk) Ges cwienbI †hvMv‡hvM (0.2 kZvsk)| Gme Lv‡Z g~j¨ùxwZi †cQ‡b g~jZ: †c‡UªvwjqvgRvZ cY¨ I we`y¨‡Zi g~j¨ mgš^q, UvKvi Aeg~j¨vqb Ges mvwe©Kfv‡e Drcv`b e¨q e„w× we‡kl f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q| D‡j­L¨ †h, Lv`¨ g~j¨ùxwZ GLbI GKwU `ywðš—vi welq,hv D”P¯—‡ii g~j¨ùxwZi Ab¨Zg KviY| g~j¨ùxwZi welqwU‡K AwaKZi ¸i“Z¡ w`‡qB 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii gy`ªvbxwZ cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q Ges GKBmv‡_, A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× Ges wewb‡qv‡Mi w`K †_‡K GRb¨ Qvo †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k weivRgvb g~j¨ùxwZi KviY we‡k­lY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq Zv g~jZ e¨q e„w×RwbZ Ges KvVv‡gvMZ mgm¨v †_‡K D™¢yZ, †h welq¸‡jv‡Z Avï `„wó †`qv AZ¨š— Ri“wi| GKwU µgea©gvb A_©bxwZ‡Z ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB Pvwn`vi cÖe„w× †_‡K g~j¨ùxwZi Pvc m„wó nq; Z‡e g~j¨ùxwZ‡K GKBmv‡_ mnbxq ch©v‡q a‡i ivLvI cÖ‡qvRb|

Pjgvb gy`ªvbxwZ we`¨gvb D”P g~j¨ùxwZi n«vm †U‡b ivLvi †¶‡Î Lye mvgvb¨B f~wgKv ivL‡Z †c‡i‡Q; Ab¨w`‡K, Gi djkÖ“wZ‡Z †emiKvix we‡bvqv‡Mi MwZgqZv k­_ n‡q c‡o‡Q| wkí Lv‡Z FY cÖev‡n †h g›`ve¯’v weivRgvb †mUv ZviB Bw½Z enb K‡i| g~jZt gy`ªv mieivn e„w×i jvMvg †U‡b ivLvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|†emiKvix Lv‡Zi FY cÖevn n«v‡mi ga¨ w`‡q| Ab¨w`‡K, e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v †_‡K miKv‡ii AZ¨vwaK FY †bIqvicÖeYZv weMZ mgqKv‡jig‡Zv A‡bKUvB Ae¨vnZ Av‡Q| d‡j gy`ªvbxwZ GKw`‡K g~j¨ùxwZ Kgv‡Z f~wgKv ivL‡Z cvi‡Q bv, Ab¨w`‡K Gi Kvi‡Y ewa©Z cÖe„w×i m¤¢vebvIK‡g hv‡”Q| wmwcwW†emiKvwi Lv‡Zi Rb¨ FY cÖevn e„w×i cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Ici †Rvi w`‡q Avm‡Q A‡bKw`b †_‡K| wmwcwW Avk¼v cÖKvk K‡i‡Q †h GUv bv Ki‡j Zv wewb‡qvM I cÖe„w×i Dci †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| evsjv‡`k e¨vsK Aek¨ ms‡KvPbg~jK gy`ªvbxwZi gva¨‡g A_©‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv AR©‡bi cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ †i‡L‡Q |

eZ©gvb ev¯—eZvi †cÖ¶vc‡U †K›`ªxq e¨vs‡Ki AvMvgx gy`ªvbxwZi mvdj¨ A‡bKvs‡kB wbf©i Ki‡e ivR¯^ bxwZi Ici| `ytLRbK n‡jI ev¯—e mZ¨ n‡jv, evsjv‡`‡k †K›`ªxq e¨vs‡Ki c‡¶miKv‡ii e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v †_‡K FY MÖn‡Yi Ici wbqš¿YAv‡ivc Kivi ¶gZv †bB|e¨vswKs e¨e¯’v n‡Z miKv‡ii FY MÖnYwbqš¿Y e¨wZ‡i‡K Avw_©KLv‡Z k„•Ljv wdwi‡q Avbv n‡e `ytmva¨ |

2012-13A_©eQ‡i AvBGgGd-Gi bxwZ civg‡k©i †cÖw¶‡Z evsjv‡`k e¨vsK Zvi ¯^vaxb bxwZ cÖYq‡b KZLvwb mdj nq, Zvi cÖwZ mK‡ji we‡kl AvMÖn _vK‡e| AvBGgGd A‡bKw`b †_‡KB GKwU ms‡KvPbg~jK gy`ªvbxwZ cÖYqb Kivi Rb¨ †K›`ªxq e¨vsK‡K Pvc w`‡q Avm‡Q| AvBGgGd-Gi evsjv‡`k welqK mv¤cÖwZK wi‡cv‡U© †emiKvix LvZ Ges e¨vcK gy`ªv mieiv‡ni cÖe„w× h_vµ‡g 14.9 kZvsk Ges 15.4 kZvsk wn‡m‡e cÖv°jb Kiv n‡q‡Q| G cÖv°jb¸‡jv cwi‡k‡l evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki Rb¨ AviI GK¸”Q kZ©vejx‡Z cwiYZ n‡e wK bv †m AvksKv †_‡KB hv‡”Q| D‡j­L¨, AvBGgGd-Gi GKB wi‡cv‡U© 2013 A_©eQ‡i evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ †`kR Drcv`‡bi cÖe„w×i nvi 6.2 kZvsk cÖv°jb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ñ hv G A_©eQ‡ii cÖe„w×i Aš—e©Zx©KvjxbcÖv°j‡bi nv‡ii †P‡qI Kg Ges AvMvgx A_©eQ‡ii j¶¨gvÎv †_‡K cÖvq 1 kZvskwb‡P|GgZve¯’vq 2012-13 A_©eQ‡ii gy`ªvbxwZ cÖYq‡b evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki mvg‡b `ywU c_ †Lvjv i‡q‡Q| (GK) ms‡KvPbg~jK gy`ªvbxwZ ev¯—evq‡bi gva¨‡g A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×i m¤¢vebv‡K mxwgZ Kiv| (`yB) †emiKvix Lv‡Z FY cÖevn wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡g D”P cÖe„w×AR©‡b A_©bxwZ‡K mnvqZv Kiv| wbwðZfv‡eB GKwU ¯^vaxb †K›`ªxq e¨vsK wØZxq cš’vwUB †e‡Q †b‡e|

2.4 ˆe‡`wkK †jb‡`b fvimvg¨: wec`mxgvi evB‡i bq

2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii †kl cÖvwš—‡K G‡m ˆe‡`wkK †jb‡`b fvimvg¨ m¤úwK©Z mKj m~PK cowZi w`‡K wQj| A_©eQ‡ii cÖ_g `k gvm †k‡l (RyjvB-GwcÖj) AwR©Z ißvwb cÖe„w× eQi †k‡l j¶¨gvÎv †h AwR©Z n‡e †m Bw½Z †`q bv| ißvwb c‡Y¨i g‡a¨ bxU Lv‡Z cÖZ¨vkvi wb‡P cÖe„w× AwR©Z n‡q‡Q| GKw`‡K gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi evRv‡i ißvwb cÖe„w× m‡š—vlRbK wQj bv, Ab¨w`‡K Rvbyqvwi 2012 †_‡K BD‡iv‡ci evRv‡i ißvwb‡Z †bwZevPK cÖeYZv j¶¨ Kiv hv‡”Q| cÖPwjZ evRv‡ii evB‡i ißvwb cÖe„w× Avkve¨vÄK n‡jI mvwe©K ißvwb cÖe„w× a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Zv h‡_ó bq| Gi mv‡_ wewb‡qv‡M k­_Zv AvMvgx w`‡b ißvwb cÖe„wׇZI †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| wek¦ A_©bxwZi eZ©gvb `ye©j Ae¯’v, BD‡iv‡Rvb msK‡Ui`xN©m~wÎZv, gvwK©b A_©bxwZi wbgœ cÖe„w× Ges evsjv‡`‡ki bxU †cvkvK ißvwb‡Z k­_ cÖe„w× ˆe‡`wkK evwYR¨ Lv‡Zi Rb¨ Avï †Kv‡bvBwZevPK cwieZ©‡bi Bw½Z †`q bv|

k­_ ißvwb cÖe„w×i wecix‡Z Avg`vwb Pvwn`v Lye `ª“Z nv‡i bv Kgvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z ˆe‡`wkK †jb‡`b fvimv‡g¨ Pvc evo‡Q| G eQi Avg`vwb cÖe„w×i g~j KviY n‡jv AZ¨vwaK †c‡Uªvwjqvg Avg`vwb hv ewa©Z Avg`vwb e¨‡qi cÖvq GK-Z…Zxqvsk| RyjvB-gvP© 2012 mv‡j †c‡Uªvwjqvg Avg`vwb e¨‡qi cÖe„w× wQj 39.2 kZvsk| A_P Ab¨vb¨ Avg`vwbK…Z c‡Y¨i †¶‡Î G cÖe„w× wQj gvÎ 8.5 kZvsk| AZ¨waK Avg`vwb e¨‡qi Pvc Kgv‡Z miKvi fvovwfwËK wW‡Rj PvwjZ we`y¨r †K›`ª¸‡jv c~Y©v½ gvÎvq e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv| aviYv Kiv hv‡”Q †h, †c‡Uªvwjqvg Avg`vwbi D”P cÖe„w× AvMvgx gvm¸‡jv‡ZI Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e, †Kbbv †c‡Uªvwjqvg Avg`vwbRwbZ FYcÎ (Gjwm) †Lvjvi nvi 2011-12 A_©eQ‡ii cÖ_g wZb cÖvwš—‡K weMZ eQ‡ii GKB mg‡qi Zzjbvq cÖvq 75.9 kZvsk †ewk wQj|

we‡`‡k kªwgK †cÖi‡Y D‡j­L‡hvM¨ AMÖMwZ Ges †iwgU¨vÝ cÖev‡n DbœwZ m‡Ë¡I D”P evwYR¨ NvUwZ,we‡klZ PjwZ wnmv‡ei NvUwZ †gUv‡bvm¤¢e n‡”Q bv| †ek wKQz D‡`¨vM †bIqv m‡Ë¡I ˆe‡`wkK F‡Yi cÖevn G A_©eQ‡i ¯^vfvweK cwigv‡Yi †P‡q Kg wQj| we‡`kx gy`ªvi wecix‡Z UvKvi Aeg~j¨vqb nevi AvksKv †_‡K hv‡e hw` Avgiv ˆe‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf© a‡i ivL‡Z I evov‡Z m¶g bv nB| ˆe‡`wkK mvnvh¨ e¨env‡i `¶Zv e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e, cvBcjvB‡b †h we‡`kx mvnvh¨ i‡q †M‡Q Zvi e¨envi e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e| hvi BwZevPK cÖfve †jb‡`b fvimv‡g¨ co‡e| wek¦evRv‡ii AwbðqZvi Kvi‡Y †`‡ki ˆe‡`wkK LvZ AvMvgx K‡qK gvm Pv‡ci g‡a¨B _vK‡e e‡jB cÖZxqgvb nq| ißvwb Lv‡Z mvdj¨ a‡i ivL‡Z Drcv`b I wewb‡qvM-evÜe cwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e mvgwóK A_©‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq †i‡L I cÖe„w×-mnvqK bxwZgvjv ev¯—evqb K‡i|

3. wewb‡qvM cwiw¯’wZ

lô cÂevwl©K cwiKíbvq wewb‡qv‡Mi †h eQiIqvwi wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎv wQj Zv ïi“‡ZB evavi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Q| cvuP eQi mgqKv‡ji wØZxq eQ‡iB wewb‡qvM cÖe„w×i nvi wKQzUv k­_ n‡q †M‡Q (7.6 kZvsk hv 2011 mv‡j wQj 9.9 kZvsk)| BwZc~‡e© ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wRwWwc-wewb‡qv‡Mi AbycvZ Ges Gi cÖavb `ywU As‡ki cÖe„w× n«vm K‡i‡Q| wewb‡qv‡M k­_ MwZ, g~jab e¨env‡i A`¶Zv, Drcv`b ¶gZvi Ach©vß e¨envi Ges cÖwZK‚j wewb‡qvM cwi‡ek BZ¨vw` wewb‡qv‡Mi `xN©‡gqvw` j¶¨ AR©‡bi †¶‡Î cÖavb evav n‡q `uvov‡Z cv‡i e‡j cªZxqgvb n‡”Q|

RvZxq Av‡q cÖe„w×i Ici wewb‡qv‡Mi cÖfve wba©vwiZ nq miKvix I †emiKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi ga¨Kvi Avš—tm¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g| G‡¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cÖkœ n‡jv, miKvix I †emiKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi g‡a¨ m¤úK©Ômn‡hvMxÕ bv ÔcÖwZ‡hvMxÕ? miKvix wewb‡qvM †emiKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ ÔweKl©KÕ(crowd out) bv ÔAvKl©KÕ (crowd in)wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q? †emiKvix wewb‡qv‡M miKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi ¯^í Ges `xN©‡gqvw` AwfNvZ †Kgb? evsjv‡`‡k miKvix I †emiKvix wewb‡qvM wbgœ Av‡qi †`k¸‡jvi MocoZv wnmve †_‡K Dc‡i, wKš‘ ga¨ Av‡qi †`‡ki Zzjbvq wb‡P| cÖK…Zc‡¶, ga¨g Av‡qi †`‡k DbœxZ n‡Z n‡j ewa©Z wewb‡qvM I Zvi DrKl©Zv e„w×i weKí †bB|

evsjv‡`‡ki miKvix wewb‡qv‡M (GwWwc, ms‡kvwaZ GwWwc ev cÖK…Z miKvix e¨q wn‡m‡e) weMZ eQi¸‡jv‡Z D‡j­L‡hvM¨ cÖe„w× nqwb| g~j¨ùxwZ mgš^q Ki‡j 2009-2012 mv‡j ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci evwl©K Mo cÖe„w× wQj 6.3 kZvsk| A_P, eZ©gvb evRvi g~‡j¨ wnmve Ki‡j G cÖe„w× wQj 26 kZvsk| g~j¨ùxwZ mgš^q Ki‡j 2006-2009 mgqKv‡j ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci AvKvi Av‡Mi eQ‡ii Zzjbvq n«vm †c‡qwQj| mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z †`kxq Drm †_‡K A_©vq‡bi gva¨‡g GwWwc ev¯—evq‡bi nvi †e‡o‡Q| Gi cwigvY 2009 mv‡ji ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci 56 kZvsk †_‡K †e‡o 2012 mv‡j 63 kZvs‡k †cŠu‡Q‡Q| †`kxq Dr‡mi ga¨ n‡Z mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j e¨vsK e¨e¯’v †_‡K FY MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡gGwWwc ev¯—evq‡bi nvi e„w× †c‡q‡Q (RyjvB-gvP© 2008-09 A_©eQ‡i GicwigvY wQj 74 kZvsk, hv 2011-12 mv‡ji GKB mgqKv‡j †e‡o `uvwo‡q‡Q 93 kZvs‡k)| hw` e¨vswKs Lv‡Z ÔAwZwi³ Zvij¨Õ bv _v‡K, Z‡e miKvix Lv‡Zi FY MÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y †emiKvix wewb‡qvM ÔweKl©KÕ(crowd out) AwfNv‡Zi m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e e¨vswKs Lv‡Zi AwZwi³ Zvi‡j¨i IVv-bvgv memgq miKvwi FY w`‡q e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq bv| 2009 mv‡j e¨vs‡Ki AwZwi³ Zvij¨ wQj †gvU Zvi‡j¨i 45 kZvsk, hv Rvbyqvwi 2012-G `uvovq 30.7 kZvsk| e¨vs‡Ki AwZwi³ Zvi‡j¨i mv‡_ Avw_©KLv‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ Bmy¨I RwoZ| †hgb, wW‡m¤^i 2010 mv‡j cyuwRevRv‡i aŸm, cuywRevRv‡ii A‰bwZK Ges AwbqgZvwš¿K †jb‡`b, †emiKvwi e¨vs‡K FY cÖ`vb msµvš— †jb‡`‡b Awbqg, Ges Abyrcv`bkxj Lv‡Z e¨vsK F‡Yi e¨envi BZ¨vw`| wmwcwW cwiPvwjZ M‡elYvq(Vector Error Correction Modele¨envi K‡i) †_‡K †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, miKvwi Lv‡Zi FY MÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi FY MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î ÔweKl©KÕ (crowd out)f~wgKv †Zgb †Rviv‡jv bq|

miKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi mn‡hvMx f~wgKvi Kvi‡Y wewb‡qvM ÔAvKl©KÕ cwiw¯’wZ ˆZwi n‡q _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb †cª¶vc‡U G welqwU ch©v‡jvPbvi †¶‡Î ïay miKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi AvKvi ch©v‡jvPbv KivB h‡_ó bq, eis miKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi ¸YMZ w`K wePvi Kivi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q - †hgb, cÖK‡íi †hŠw³KZv, Gi Dc‡hvwMZv Ges mg‡qvc‡hvwMZv BZ¨vw`| eZ©gvb miKvi ga¨ I `xN©‡gqvw` j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L miKvix wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î we‡kl we‡kl LvZ‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv n‡jv, we`y¨r, †hvMv‡hvM Ges cj­x Dbœqb| 2011-12 A_©eQ‡i G wZbwU Lv‡Z ms‡kvwaZ GwWwci 45 kZvsk wewb‡qvM n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Gme wewb‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î ¸YMZ wel‡q †ek wKQz cÖ‡kœi D‡`ªM n‡q‡Q, hv Gme wewb‡qv‡Mi ÔAvKl©KÕ (crowd in) Pwi‡Îi ch©vßZv wb‡q m‡›`‡ni m„wó K‡i‡Q| weMZ wZb eQi we`y¨r Lv‡Z e¨vcK wewb‡qv‡Mi ciI ev¯—weK A‡_© cÖvß we`y¨‡Zi cwigvY wQj †gvU bZzb mshy³ Drcv`b ¶gZvi gvÎ 50 kZvsk| miKvwi Lv‡Z cÖKí ev¯—evq‡bi wbgœ nvi GKwU `xN©w`‡bi mgm¨v| 2012 mv‡j Zv GK bZzb wbgœ gvÎvq †cuŠ‡Q‡Q Ñ RyjvB-GwcÖj 2012 mgqKv‡j G ev¯—evq‡bi nvi wQj gvÎ 55 kZvsk| wmwcwWÕi M‡elYv(Vector Auto Regressive (VAR) g‡Wj) †_‡K †`Lv hvq, miKvix wewb‡qvM Lye ¯^ígvÎvq †emiKvix wewb‡qv‡M ÔAvK©l‡KÕi f~wgKv (crowd in)ivL‡Z †c‡i‡Q (GKgvÎ wk퇶‡Î miKvix wewb‡qvM Zvrch©¨c~Y©fv‡e †emiKvix wewb‡qvM‡K AvK…ó Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q)|

2011-12 A_©eQ‡i †emiKvwi wewb‡qv‡M k­_MwZ cwijw¶Z n‡q‡Q (Gmg‡q cÖv°wjZ cÖe„w× wQj 4.3 kZvsk, hv 2011 mv‡j wQj 6.9 kZvsk)| wewb‡qv‡Mi G k­_ MwZ cwijw¶Z n‡q‡Q g~jZt K…wl I wkíLv‡Z Ges ˆe‡`wkK wewb‡qvM cÖev‡n|

K…wlLv‡Z FY weZi‡bi †¶‡Î 2009-12 mgqKv‡j wgkª cÖeYZv cwijw¶Z n‡q‡Q| Z‡e mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q FY weZi‡bi cÖe„wׇZ gš’iZv †`Lv hv‡”Q (RyjvB-gvP© 2012 mgqKv‡j cÖe„w× wQj 6.2 kZvsk, hv Av‡Mi eQ‡ii GKB mgqKv‡j wQj 16.6 kZvsk)| wkí Lv‡Z FY weZi‡Yi †¶‡Î RyjvB-gvP© 2012 mgqKv‡j cÖe„w× wQj gvÎ 2.3 kZvsk| we‡`kx wewb‡qv‡Mi (bxU wnmv‡e) †¶‡Î RyjvB-gvP© mgqKv‡j FYvZ¥K cÖe„w× j¶ Kiv †M‡Q (-3.5 kZvsk)| hw` we‡`kx †Kv¤úvwbi cÖZ¨vevwmZ Avq, gybvdv, wWwf‡WÛ Ges iq¨vjwU ev` w`‡q wnmve Kiv nq, Z‡e G mgqKv‡j bxU ˆe‡`wkK wewb‡qvM wQj FYvZ¥K (-51 wgwjqb gvwK©b Wjvi)| mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z we‡`kx †Kv¤úvwbi Avq, gybvdv Ges iq¨vjwU BZ¨vw` e¨vcKfv‡e cÖZ¨vevmb n‡”Q| †hgb, RyjvB-gvP© 2010 mv‡j 565 wgwjqb Wjvi, 2011 mv‡ji GKB mgqKv‡j 553 wgwjqb Wjvi Ges 2012 mv‡ji GKB mgqKv‡j 593 wgwjqb Wjvi| we‡`kx †Kv¤úvwbi e¨vcK nv‡i Avq cÖZ¨vevmb evsjv‡`‡k cybwe©wb‡qv‡Mi †¶‡Î Zv‡`i AvMª‡ni NvUwZ‡KB Bw½Z K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K cyuwRevRv‡i wW‡m¤^i 2010 mv‡ji aŸ‡mi ci m~P‡Ki n«vm-e„w× Ae¨vnZfv‡e Pj‡Q| weMZ GK eQ‡ii †ewk mgqKvj a‡i cyuwRevRv‡i w¯’wZkxjZv Avbq‡bi Rb¨ A‡bK ai‡bi D‡`¨vM †bqv n‡jI Zv Lye Kvh©Ki nqwb| wbqš¿YKvix ms¯’v wmwKDwiwUR A¨vÛ G·‡PÄ Kwgkb KZ©„K k„•Ljv Ges wbqš¿Y Avbvi j‡¶¨ ch©vß D‡`¨vM †bevi †¶‡Î wewfbœ `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y cyuwRevRv‡i `xN©‡gqvw` w¯’wZkxjZv Avbv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv|

wkí F‡Yi †¶‡Î weivRgvb ev¯—eZv Zvi k­_ cÖe„w× †_‡KB cwi®‹vifv‡e †evSv hvq| GKB mv‡_ wk‡íi KvuPvgvj Ges g~jabx hš¿cvwZi Avg`vwbi FYvZ¥K cÖe„w× †_‡KI GUv aiv c‡o| Avg`vwb FYc‡Îi cÖeYZv †_‡K aviYv Kiv hvq †h Gaviv AvMvgx K‡qK gv‡mI Ae¨nZ _vK‡e|

wewfbœ M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, wewb‡qvM mnvqK cwi‡e‡ki †¶‡Î wewfbœ cÖwZeÜKZvi Kvi‡Y †emiKvwi wewb‡qvM wbi“rmvwnZ nq| evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gvb †cÖ¶vc‡U Ach©vß we`y¨r I M¨vm mieivn, `ye©j AeKvVv‡gv, D”P g~j¨ùxwZ, e¨vs‡Ki F‡Yi D”P my` nvi Ges UvKvi Aeg~j¨vqb BZ¨vw` wewb‡qvM cwi‡e‡ki †¶‡Î g~j cÖwZeÜKZv wn‡m‡e †`Lv hv‡”Q| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y we`y¨r †K›`ª¸‡jvq c~Y©v½gvÎvq we`y¨r Drcv`b m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| Gi d‡j ms‡hvwRZ Drcv`b ¶gZv Ges cÖK…Z Drcv`‡bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ m„wó n‡”Q, hv cÖwZ eQiB evo‡Q (2009 mv‡ji 1557 †gMvIqvU †_‡K †e‡o 2012 mv‡ji 3024 †gMvIqvU ch©š—)| G‡¶‡Î KviLvbv wbqwgZ i¶Yv‡e¶Y, wbgœgvÎvq M¨vm mieivn, mxwgZ wW‡Rj mieivn Ges Ab¨vb¨ KviY‡K `vqx Kiv hvq| M¨vm mieiv‡ni †¶‡Î mxwgZ AMÖMwZi Kvi‡Y M¨v‡mi Pvwn`v mgš^q Kiv n‡”Q wewfbœ cÖwZ‡hvMx Lv‡Zi g‡a¨ M¨v‡mi mieivn n«vm-e„w×i gva¨‡g (†hgb: mvi KviLvbv)| Z‡e G m‡Ë¡I wkíKviLvbvq M¨vm mieiv‡n †Zgb j¶Y‡hvM¨ DbœwZ nqwb| Ab¨w`‡K RvZxq, AvÂwjK Ges †Rjv kn‡ii iv¯—vNv‡UD‡j­L‡hvM¨ DbœwZ nqwb - iv¯—vi DbœwZ cwigvcK m~PK (roughness index)2010 mv‡j Av‡Mi eQi¸‡jvi Zzjbvq AviI Lvivc Ae¯’vi Bw½Z †`q| D”P g~j¨ùxwZ, e¨vsK F‡Yi D”P my‡`i nvi Ges Aeg~j¨vwqZ wewbgq nvi Drcv`b e¨q‡K µgvš^‡q evwo‡q w`‡”Q| cvkvcvwk e¨vsK †_‡K †emiKvix Lv‡Zi Rb¨ ch©vß FY cÖvwßi †¶‡Î msKU Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q| wmwcwW cwiPvwjZ GK mgx¶v †_‡KI G Z_¨ †ewi‡q G‡m‡Q †h `ye©j AeKvVv‡gv, `ybx©wZ Ges FY cÖvw߇Z cÖwZeÜKZv e¨emv I wewb‡qvM cwi‡e‡k cÖwZK~j Ae¯’vi m„wó Ki‡Q| Gme wewb‡qvM cÖwZeÜKZvi Kvi‡Y †`k Ges †`‡ki evB‡ii evRv‡i †`kxq c‡Y¨i cÖwZ‡hvwMZv-m¶gZv P¨v‡j‡Äi gy‡L c‡o‡Q| mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q †emiKvix Lv‡Zi e¨vsK †_‡K M„nxZ FY mgqg‡Zv †diZ cÖ`v‡b AcviMZv G `ye©jZviB cÖKvk|

†K›`ªxq e¨vs‡Ki DwPZ Zvigy`ªvbxwZ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| hv‡Z K‡i †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi FY cÖevn †Kv‡bvfv‡eB evavMÖ¯’bv nq| miKv‡ii ivR¯^ msµvš— c`‡¶c, ev‡R‡Ui j¶¨gvÎv Ges Avw_©K Lv‡Z †hme j¶¨ w¯’i Kiv nq Zvi g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz miKvwi wewb‡qvM †KejgvÎ mxwgZ AvKv‡iBÔAvKl©KÕ-Gi f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Q, †m‡nZz miKvwi cÖKí¸‡jvi ¸YMZ gv‡bi GKwU g~j¨vqb Kiv DwPZ| GKBfv‡e Avw_©K Lv‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq k„•Ljv wdwi‡q Avbv,we‡klZ e¨vswKs jb‡`‡b Awbqg †iva Kiv, cyuwRevRv‡ii wbqg-ewnf©~Z †jb‡`b wbqš¿Y Kiv, Abyrcv`bkxj Lv‡Z e¨vsK FYcÖ`vb wbi“rmvwnZ Kiv Ges fyqv †jb‡`b mbv³ K‡i Zvi wei“‡× e¨e¯’v †bqvmn Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY LyeB Ri“wi n‡q c‡o‡Q| Gme †¶‡Î mswk­ó ms¯’vi (evsjv‡`k e¨vsK, wmwKDwiwUR A¨vÛ G·‡PÄ Kwgkb Ges A_© gš¿Yvjq) mwVK Ges mg‡qvc‡hvMx c`‡¶c Avw_©K Lv‡Z k„•Ljv wdwi‡q Avb‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e|

4. Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó

evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ gvSvwigv‡bi cÖe„w× eRvq †i‡L K…wlwfwËK A_©bxwZ †_‡K wkíwfwËK Ges †mevLvZ wfwËK A_©bxwZi w`‡K µgvš^‡q GwM‡q Pj‡Q | wKš‘ G A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×i cvkvcvwk ch©vß Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói P¨v‡jÄ i‡qB †M‡Q, Ges †eKvi gvby‡li msL¨v DˇivËi e„w× †c‡q‡Q| wek¦e¨vs‡Ki GKwU mv¤cÖwZK M‡elYvq †`Lv hvq, evsjv‡`k `w¶Y Gwkqvi GKgvÎ †`k, †hLv‡b Kg©ms¯’v‡bi cÖe„w×i †P‡q kªgkw³i cÖe„w× †ewk| hw`I evsjv‡`‡k †eKvi †jv‡Ki kZKiv nvi A‡bK Kg (2010 mv‡j 4.5 kZvsk) Z‡e GUv n‡q‡Q g~jZtÔ†eKvi †jvKÕ Kv‡K ejv n‡e ZvimsÁvMZmgm¨vi Kvi‡Y| hw` AvswkK †eKvi †jv‡Ki msL¨v aiv n‡Zv, Z‡e 2010 mv‡j †eKvi †jv‡Ki msL¨v `uvovZ †gvU kªgkw³i 24 kZvsk| Z‡ebvix kªwg‡Ki D‡j­L‡hvM¨fv‡e e„w×gvbAskMÖnY evsjv‡`‡k Kg©ms¯’v‡bi†¶‡Î BwZevPK KvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b G‡b‡Q| 2000 †_‡K 2010 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †`‡kbvix kªwg‡Ki msL¨v wظY n‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b †gvU kªgkw³i cÖe„w× wQj 39.3 kZvsk|

Kg©ms¯’vbm„wói Rb¨ RvZxq cÖe„w×i cÖ‡qvRb _vK‡jI Zv GKgvÎ wbqvgK bq; LvZMZ cÖe„w×i mswgkªY Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó Ges Gi e¨vw߇K cÖfvweZ K‡i| †hgb, K…wl, LwbR AvniY, Dc‡hvMg~jK Lv‡Zi Zzjbvq wkíLvZ, wbg©vY Ges †mevLv‡Zi Kg©ms¯’vb w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv mvaviYZ †ewk| wRwWwc‡Z Ae`vbKvix wewfbœ Lv‡Zi Zzjbvg~jK cÖe„w×i weKvkgvb aviv AvaywbK A_©bxwZi BwZevPK cwieZ©b wb‡`©k Ki‡jI cwieZ©‡bi wbgœ ch©v‡qi nvi MwZ GLbI h‡_ó bq| ¯^ígvÎvi KvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b Kg©ms¯’vbm„wói c‡_ Aš—ivq m„wó Ki‡Q| weMZ `ywU kªg Rwi‡ci ga¨eZx© mgqKv‡j †`‡k bZzb Kg©ms¯’v‡bi nvi Kg©¶g gvby‡li cÖe„w×i nv‡ii †P‡q †ewk n‡jI Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói MwZ kªgkw³ e„w×i MwZi †P‡q wcwQ‡q wQj| d‡j,†`‡k †eKvi (mbvZb msÁvq) Ges Kg©¶g †eKvi gvby‡li msL¨v Ae¨vnZfv‡e e„w× cv‡”Q|

Kg©ms¯’v‡bi D”P cÖe„w× AR©‡bi j‡¶¨ RvZxq Av‡q wkíLv‡Zi Ask µgvš^‡q e„w×i †KŠkj Luy‡R †ei Kiv DwPZ| eZ©gvb miKv‡ii wbe©vPbx Bk‡Znv‡i G j‡¶¨ wewfbœ D‡`¨vM MÖn‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Qhv lô cÂevwl©K cwiKíbvq j¶¨ wn‡m‡e avh©¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Kg©ms¯’v‡bi w`K †_‡K lô cÂevwl©K cwiKíbv K‡qKwU Kvi‡Y Lye †ewk Avkve¨ÄK bq| GcwiKíbv Abyhvqx, 2014-15 A_©eQ‡ii c~‡e© †eKvi‡Z¡i nvi 2009-10 A_©eQ‡ii †P‡q wb‡P †b‡g Avm‡e bv (0.3 kZvsk Kg)| cÖK…Zc‡¶, †eKvi gvby‡li msL¨v AvMvgx eQi¸‡jv‡Z e„w× †c‡q 2014-15 A_©eQ‡i wM‡q Avevi 2009-10 A_©eQ‡ii mgch©v‡q `uvov‡e GesZLb †`‡ki kªgkw³‡Z 18 jvLgvbyl cÖwZeQi †hvM n‡e|

eZ©gvb miKv‡ii Avg‡j 68 jvL bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó n‡q‡Q e‡j miKvi `vwe K‡i‡Q| ejv n‡”Q, Gi g‡a¨ 4.5 jvL Kg©ms¯’vb n‡q‡Q miKvwi Lv‡Z| kªg Rwic I Kg©ms¯’v‡bi e„w×i mv‡_ mswk­ó m~PK¸‡jvi eQiIqvix Z‡_¨i Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y MZ wZb eQ‡ii Kg©ms¯’vb cwiw¯’wZi cÖeYZvi ch©v‡jvPbv I cÖv°jb Kiv †ek KwVb KvR| ZvB miKv‡ii †`qv Z_¨-DcvË ¯^xK…Z gvcKvwV w`‡q cwigvc Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î MÖnY‡hvM¨ cwigvc c×wZn‡jv Kg©ms¯’vb w¯’wZ¯’vcKZvi cÖe„w× wnmve Kiv| LvZwfwËK w¯’wZ¯’vcKZvi wnmve Ki‡j †`Lv hvq weMZ wZbeQ‡i (2009 Gi †klfvM n‡Z 2012 mvj ch©š—) 58 jvL bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó n‡q‡Q| A_©vr evwl©K M‡o 19 jvL bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó n‡q‡Q|wmwcwWi wnmvewU miKv‡ii wnmve †_‡K10 jvL Kg| wmwcwWi cÖv°wjZ wn‡me Abyhvqx AwZwi³ Kg©ms¯’v‡bi 41 kZvsk Ges 26.7 kZvsk G‡m‡Q h_vµ‡g K…wl Ges wkí LvZ †_‡K, Avi 35.2 kZvsk bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó n‡q‡QAb¨vb¨ LvZ¸‡jv‡Z|

A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×i nvi‡K †eMevb Kivi gva¨‡g Kg©ms¯’vb e„w×i cvkvcvwk miKvi Av‡iv `yÕwU wel‡q ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z cv‡i| GKwU n‡jvÑ mvgvwRK myi¶v Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq AwZ`wi`ª‡`i Rb¨ Kg©ms¯’vb e„w×| †hgb, 2012 mv‡j miKvi Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó, Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q Lv`¨ Ges RvZxq †mev Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq cÖvq 86 jvL Kg©-gvm m„wó Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| Z‡e ewa©Z Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó‡Z mvgvwRK myi¶v Kg©m~wP KZUzKz Kvh©Ki n‡e Zv Aek¨ †`Lvi welq| 2012 mv‡j Dc‡i Av‡jvwPZ wZbwU Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq cÖvq 5 jvL Kg©-gv‡mi mgvb ewa©Z Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó n‡e|

wØZxq ¸i“Z¡cyY© w`KwU n‡jv evsjv‡`k †_‡K we‡`‡k ewa©Znv‡i kªwgK †cÖiY| cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z †hfv‡e kªgkw³ MYbv Kiv nq Zv‡Z we‡`‡k Kg©iZ Gme kªwg‡Ki kªgkw³i wnmve ev Kg©ms¯’v‡bi wnmve hy³ nq bv| Z‡e we‡`‡k MgbKvix kªwgK kªgkw³i cÖe„w× ev mvwe©K Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó‡Z ‡h Ae`vb iv‡Lb Zv ejvB evûj¨| 2006 †_‡K 2010 mvj mgqKv‡j me©‡gvU 29 jvL evsjv‡`kx kªwgK we‡`‡k Mgb K‡i‡Qbhv ewa©Z kªgkw³i cÖvq 40.2 kZvsk| ZvB Af¨š—ixY Kg©ms¯’vb e„w×i cvkvcvwkwe‡`‡k Av‡iv †ewk Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM m„wói j‡¶¨ miKv‡ii Av‡iv †ewk D‡`¨vMx e¨e¯’v †bqv `iKvi| G‡¶‡Î we‡`kx iv‡óªi mv‡_ K~U‰bwZK m¤úK© †Rvi`vi Kivi cvkvcvwk ewnM©gb e¨q Kgv‡bv, `¶Zv wfwËK cÖwk¶‡Yi e¨e¯’v Ges evB‡i Ae¯’vbiZ kªwgK‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v †bqv Ri“wi|

cÖK…Zc‡¶, Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói g~j wfwË n‡”Q A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× kw³kvjxKiY hv Kg©ms¯’vb m„wói gva¨‡g `vwi`ª¨we‡gvP‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z nIqv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡¶‡Î Kg©ms¯’vbe„w×B g~j we‡eP¨ nIqv DwPZ| G‡¶‡Î †emiKvix Lv‡Zi cÖe„w×iI e¨vcK f~wgKv i‡q‡Q| Z‡e D”P cÖe„w× Ges D”P Kg©ms¯’vb AR©b Ki‡Z AeKvVv‡gvMZ `ye©jZv `~i Kiv, cÖvwZôvwbK Ae¯’v kw³kvjx Kiv Ges ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv eRvq ivLv LyeB Ri“wi|