Chapter 11 Review with Answer Key
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____1.____ is the transfer of energy in the form of rays or waves.
a. / Conduction / c. / Radiationb. / Convection / d. / Condensation
____2.____ is the transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material.
a. / Radiation / c. / Convectionb. / Conduction / d. / Condensation
____3.Sea and land breezes are caused because ____.
a. / the land heats and cools more slowly than the waterb. / the land heats and cools more quickly than the water
c. / air moves more easily over water than over land
d. / air moves more easily over land than over water
____4.In general, atmospheric pressure is greatest near Earth's surface and ____ as you move upward away from sea level.
a. / decreases / c. / stays the sameb. / increases / d. / doubles
____5.The ____ is the source of all energy in our atmosphere.
a. / Sun / c. / Moonb. / water cycle / d. / Coriolis effect
____6.There is little wind in the doldrums because the air ____.
a. / is moving downb. / expands, creating a zone of low pressure
c. / moves westward
d. / is motionless
____7.The ____ blends into outer space.
a. / troposphere / c. / mesosphereb. / stratosphere / d. / exosphere
____8.The ____ is caused by the Earth's rotation.
a. / jet stream / c. / sea breezeb. / Coriolis effect / d. / land breeze
____9.Temperatures in the thermosphere and exosphere are ____.
a. / hot and cold / c. / very coldb. / constantly changing / d. / very warm
____10.There are ____ molecules of air at high elevations, so air pressure is less.
a. / fewer / c. / moreb. / the same number of / d. / no
____11.The transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into one another is called ____.
a. / radiation / c. / convectionb. / conduction / d. / condensation
____12.The ____ is the layer of the atmosphere nearest to Earth's surface.
a. / exosphere / c. / stratosphereb. / troposphere / d. / ionosphere
____13.The ____ are responsible for the movement of much of the weather across the United States and Canada.
a. / prevailing westerlies / c. / trade windsb. / polar easterlies / d. / doldrums
____14.The air above the ____ rises because it has low density and low pressure.
a. / north pole / c. / equatorb. / south pole / d. / arctic circle
____15.Reflection and absorption by the atmosphere prevent some ____ from reaching Earth's surface.
a. / ozone / c. / nitrogenb. / radiation / d. / oxygen
____16.Cold air has more molecules occupying a cubic centimeter of space than warm air; therefore, it has ____ pressure.
a. / higher / c. / the sameb. / lower / d. / half the
____17.When Earth receives energy from the Sun, ____.
a. / some energy is reflected back into spaceb. / some is absorbed by the atmosphere
c. / some is absorbed by land and water on Earth's surface
d. / all of the above
____18.When cool, dense air from over the water flows inland, it's called a ____.
a. / land breeze / c. / jet streamb. / polar easterly / d. / sea breeze
____19.The ____ contains the highest concentration of ozone.
a. / troposphere / c. / stratosphereb. / mesosphere / d. / exosphere
____20.Steady winds between the equator and 30° latitude north or south are known as the ____.
a. / doldrums / c. / polar easterliesb. / jet stream / d. / trade winds
____21.The flow of air caused by ____ and the Corioliseffect creates distinct wind patterns on Earth's surface.
a. / differences in heating / c. / magnetic fieldsb. / the ozone layer / d. / the jet streams
____22.If the ozone layer disappeared, life on Earth would be exposed to ____ concentrations of ultraviolet radiation.
a. / lower / c. / no change inb. / higher / d. / none of the above
____23.Not all areas on Earth's surface receive the same amount of radiation because Earth's surface ____.
a. / is flat / c. / has continents on itb. / is curved / d. / is mostly water
____24.The ____ are a windless zone at the equator.
a. / doldrums / c. / polar easterliesb. / prevailing westerlies / d. / jet streams
____25.The process of water vapor changing to a liquid is called ____.
a. / evaporation / c. / condensationb. / precipitation / d. / convection
____26.Chlorofluorocarbons may be harming the ozone layer by ____.
a. / adding more ozone molecules / c. / destroying ozone moleculesb. / blocking ultraviolet radiation / d. / destroying oxygen molecules
____27.Air pressure is greatest ____ because there are more molecules of air pushing down from above.
a. / at the top of the mountain / c. / in the troposphereb. / at sea level / d. / in the exosphere
____28.Some scientists hypothesize that Earth's ozone layer is being damaged by ____.
a. / ultraviolet radiation / c. / plant life on Earthb. / chlorofluorocarbons / d. / global warming
____29.Air above the equator is heated more than at any other place on Earth because solar rays strike the equator ____.
a. / at a 180° angle / c. / more directlyb. / at a 45° angle / d. / none of the above
____30.Electrically charged particles are found primarily in the ____.
a. / troposphere / c. / ionosphereb. / exosphere / d. / stratosphere
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. / conduction / e. / ozoneb. / convection / f. / radiation
c. / nitrogen / g. / smog
d. / oxygen / h. / water vapor
____31.transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material
____32.makes up from zero to four percent of the atmosphere
____33.the transfer of energy by rays or waves
____34.a type of pollution
____35.makes up 21 percent of the atmosphere
____36.the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump one another
____37.the most common gas in the atmosphere
____38.a gas made up of three oxygen molecules bonded together that occurs naturally in the upper atmosphere
Completion
Complete each statement.
39.As you go higher in the troposphere, the temperature ______.
Figure 15-1
40.In Figure 15-1, cool air is more dense and forces up ______air.
41.Figure 15-1 is an example of heat transfer by ______.
42.The breeze in Figure 15-1 occurs because ______heats and cools more quickly than ______.
43.Figure 15-1 shows how a(n) ______breeze works.
Short Answer
44.Identify A-D of the water cycle in Figure 15-2. Use the terms precipitation, evaporation, groundwater, and condensation.
Figure 15-2
45.What do you call all the water on Earth's surface?
Figure 15-3
46.According to Figure 15-3, which gas makes up 21 percent of Earth's atmosphere?
47.In Figure 15-3, which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
Chapter 11 Review with Answer Key
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:5/2
STA:6-5.5
2.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:5/2
STA:6-5.5
3.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.4
4.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:3/1
STA:6-4.1
5.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:4/2
STA:6-4.7
6.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.4 | 6-4.9
7.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
8.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:8/3
STA:6-4.9
9.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
10.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:3/1
STA:6-4.1
11.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:5/2
STA:6-5.5
12.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
13.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.9
14.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.4
15.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:4/2
STA:6-4.7
16.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:3/1
STA:6-4.4
17.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:4/2
STA:6-4.7
18.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.4
19.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
20.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.9
21.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:7/3
STA:6-4.4 | 6-4.9
22.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
23.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:7/3
STA:6-4.1
24.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3
STA:6-4.9
25.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:6/2
STA:6-4.2
26.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
27.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:3/1
STA:6-4.1
28.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
29.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:7/3
STA:6-4.7
30.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
MATCHING
31.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:5/2
STA:6-4.8 | 6-5.5
32.ANS:HPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1/1
STA:6-4.1
33.ANS:FPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:5/2
STA:6-5.5
34.ANS:GPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
35.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1
STA:6-4.1
36.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:5/2
STA:6-5.5
37.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1/1
STA:6-4.1
38.ANS:EPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1/1
STA:6-4.1
COMPLETION
39.ANS:decreases
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:2/1STA:6-4.1
40.ANS:warm
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3STA:6-4.4 | 6-4.8
41.ANS:convection
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3STA:6-4.8 | 6-5.5
42.ANS:land, water
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3STA:6-4.4
43.ANS:sea
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:9/3STA:6-4.4
SHORT ANSWER
44.ANS:
A.EvaporationB.CondensationC.PrecipitationD.Groundwater
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:6/2STA:6-4.2
45.ANS:
the hydrosphere
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:6/2STA:6-4.2
46.ANS:
oxygen
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1/1STA:6-4.1
47.ANS:
nitrogen
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1/1STA:6-4.1