Table of Contents
I. Table of Contents
II. List of Tables and Graphics
III. Acknowledgement 1
IV. Preface 2
1. Summary 3
2. State of Technology and Society 2003/2004 7
2.1. Nanotechnology 8
2.2. Biotechnology 18
2.3. Neural Technology 28
2.4. Information Technology 33
2.5. Convergence of nano-bio-neural-info 36
3. Developments 2003-2004-2006-2010-2015: Technologies, Markets, Applications, Companies, Countries 43
3.1. Informatics 44
3.1.1. Overview of Market and Development 44
3.1.2. Computing and Semiconductor Technology 48
3.1.2.1. Semiconductor Lithography 48
3.1.2.2. Memory and Storage 48
3.1.2.3. DNA Computing 49
3.1.2.4. Quantum Computing 50
3.1.3. Nano computing and pervasive computing 51
3.1.3.1. Nano Computer 51
3.1.3.2. Pervasive Computing 52
3.1.4. Bioinformatics 57
3.1.4.1. Definition of Bioinformatics 59
3.1.4.2. Bioinformatics in Life Science Industries 61
3.1.5. Nanoinformatics 67
3.2. Communication 69
3.2.1. Overview of Market and Development 69
3.2.2. Ubiquitous Networking 73
3.2.3. Artificial Reality 77
3.2.3.1. Immersive virtual reality 78
3.2.3.2. Augmented reality 82
3.2.4. Cyberspace 85
3.3. Health 89
3.3.1. Overview of Market and Development 89
3.3.2. Diagnostics 93
§ Focus:Markets for diagnostics on the way to converge with molecular diagnostics 99
3.3.3. Therapy 106
§ Focus: Biochip 112
3.3.4. Repair 116
§ Focus: Stem Cells 125
3.3.5. Prevention 133
§ Focus: Phamacogenomics 137
3.4. Food 146
3.4.1. Overview of Market and Development 146
3.4.2. Basic Food 154
3.4.2.1. DNA and Nanoagriculture 154
3.4.2.2. Food Processing 159
3.4.2.3. Flavour and Colour Improvement 159
3.4.2.4. Food Synthesiser 160
3.4.3. Nutrition 161
3.4.3.1. Definition of Nutrition 161
3.4.3.2. Nutrition Genomics 161
3.4.3.3. Nutrition Supplying 161
3.4.3.4. Nutrition Delivery and Waste Cleaning 162
3.4.3.5. Market Overview 163
3.4.4. Functional Food 164
3.4.4.1. Definition 164
3.4.4.2. Market 164
3.4.4.3. Segments by Region 165
3.4.5. Dietary 169
3.4.6. Brain Food 172
3.4.6.1. Brain Food from Natural Ingredients and Chemical Compound 172
3.4.6.2. Brain Food from Converging Technologies 175
3.4.7. Food Safety and Packaging 176
3.4.7.1. Food detecting 176
3.4.7.2. Food Preservation 177
3.4.7.3. Food Packaging 177
3.5. Water 179
3.5.1. Overview of Market and Development 179
3.5.2. Drinking Water 188
§ The Latest Technology for Water Treatment and Recycling – Total Water Management 190
§ Nano-bio-info and Drinking Water 194
3.5.3. Waste Water Treatment 196
3.5.3.1. Traditional Technologies and Processes of Water/ Waste Water Treatment 198
3.5.3..1. Mechanical Methods 198
3.5.3..2. Physico-Chemical Methods 198
3.5.3..3. Biological Methods 200
3.5.3.2. UV Disinfection 201
3.5.3.3. Aerobic and Anaerobic Treatment 202
3.5.3.4. Membrane Methods 203
3.5.3.5. Overview of the Most Important Kinds of Waste Water 208
3.5.3.6. Developments and Trends 211
3.5.4. Water in the Asia-Pacific Region 215
3.5.4.1. Asia-Pacific: Water resources and use 216
3.5.4.2. Water Pollution in Asia 217
3.5.4.3. Projects against water pollution in Asia 219
3.5.4.4. Water Industries in China 220
3.5.4..1. Drinking Water in China 224
3.5.4..2. Waste Water Treatment in China 224
3.5.4..3. Sewage 225
3.5.5. Process Water 227
3.5.6. Therapeutic Water 228
3.6. Environment 229
3.6.1. Overview of Market and Development 229
§ Convergence between Environment and Biology 234
· Market Description of Environmental Biotechnology 235
· Young Markets and Small Segments 236
§ Development of Environmental Technology 240
§ Strategic Development of the Technologies 241
3.6.2. Hygienics 242
3.6.3. Waste Disposal 244
3.6.4. Air Cleaning 247
3.6.5. Others 248
3.6.6. Environment Industy is required by the Molecular Industries 249
3.7. Energy 251
3.7.1. Overview of Market and Development 251
3.7.2. Regenerable Energy 256
3.7.2.1. Biomass 256
3.7.2.2. Solar Energy 256
3.7.2.3. Wind 257
3.7.2.4. Hydropower 257
3.7.2.5. Natural Molecular Power 257
3.7.2.6. Others 258
§ Nanotechnology in Solar Energy 263
3.7.3. Clean Energy 265
3.7.3.1. Hydrogen Economy 267
3.7.3.2. Fuel Cell 271
3.7.3..1. Type of Fuel Cells 272
3.7.3..2. Application of Different Types of Fuel Cells 273
3.7.3..3. Advantages of Fuel Cell 275
3.7.3..4. Nanotechnology in Fuel Cell 277
3.7.3.3. A new market: Multi-Utility 280
3.7.4. Energy Efficiency 281
3.7.4.1. Nanocatalyst 281
3.7.4.2. Mining Efficiency 281
3.7.5. Others 283
3.7.5.1. Energy Storage and Transport 283
3.7.5.2. Internet-like Energy Contribution 283
3.7.5.3. Intelligent Energy Consumption 284
Summary: Key Technologies and Markets until 2015 in Energy Industries 285
3.8. Sustainability 286
3.8.1. Overview of Market and Development 286
3.8.2. Zero Emission and Material Design 294
3.8.3. Converging Technology and Sustainability 296
3.9. Neural/Brain 298
3.9.1. Overview of Market and Development 298
3.9.2. Brain Healthcare 311
3.9.2.1. Diagnosis 312
3.9.2.2. Therapy 315
3.9.2.3. Prevention 319
Example: Memory Drug 320
3.9.3. Cognitive Potential 322
3.9.3.1. Knowledge industy 323
3.9.3.2. Education 327
3.9.4. Parallel Life 328
3.9.4.1. Virtual and Augmented Reality 330
3.9.4.2. Neurochip 330
3.9.5. Brain Future 332
3.9.5.1. Artificial Intelligence and Robotics 333
3.9.5.2. Machine Learning 333
3.9.5.3. Search and Optimisation 334
3.9.5.4. Planning 335
3.9.5.5. Expert System 335
3.9.5.6. Perception 336
3.9.5.7. Natural Language Processing 336
3.9.5.8. Robotics 337
3.10. Space 338
3.10.1. Overview of Market and Development 338
3.10.2. Earth-oriented Space Industry 356
3.10.2.1. Satellite Communication 356
3.10.2.2. Aerospace Transportation 358
3.10.2.3. Earth Observation 359
3.10.2.4. Security 360
3.10.3. Hyperspace Industry 364
3.10.4. Space Projects within the Solar System 368
3.10.5. Interstellar Prospect 371
4. Scenarios 375
4.1. Scenario I: Entertainment 376
4.2. Scenario II: Poor-Rich Conflict 378
4.3. Scenario III: Language and Culture 380
5. More books from Helmut Kaiser 382
6. Furtherr Studies on Nanotechnology by HKC22 383