Name______Period___Date______

RECONSTRUCTION IN THE SOUTH

CHAPTER 12 SECTION 2

Focus Question

What were the immediate effects of ______?

·  After the war, there was a struggle for ______control. African Americans used the ______of their ______to elect many ______from mayors to the U.S. Senate.

·  Newly freed African Americans explored new relationships to ______, political and ______life. Groups like the ______aimed to turn back their progress through ______and ______

Republicans Gain Control

·  During Reconstruction, Republicans gained control of southern state ______through the ______.

·  Thousands of black men exercised their new right to ______.

·  Many white southern men did not vote because they refused to sign the required ______to the ______.

·  The Republican Party attracted people who sought ______, challenge, and ______to make money in the South.

o  ______- White southern men who had been locked out of pre-war politics

o  ______- White and black northerners who moved to the South to take advantage of the many post-war opportunities there

·  Critics saw scalawags and carpetbaggers as ______making their fortune off of the South’s ______.

Public Schools

·  Reconstruction state constitutions ______the creation of the ______school system.

·  Public schools grew ______in the South.

·  The system was ______as there needed to be ______schools in every district due to ______.

·  Some Republicans proposed ______but the idea was generally unpopular.

Opportunities for Women

·  Reconstruction also offered white and black ______opportunities they did not find in the ______

·  Single women carved out new ______for themselves, especially in the school system developed during Reconstruction.

Problems in the South

·  The South had many problems that made ______challenging.

o  many ______southerners

o  poor quality ______care

o  poor quality ______

o  slower economic ______than the North

o  limited protection for ______

o  racial ______

o  rampant ______

Free African Americans

·  Freed African Americans sought to build new ______.

o  ______- moved to look for jobs as cooks, blacksmiths, or carpenters

o  ______- worked at farming, lumbering, and re-building railroads

o  ______- established black churches that became centers of their communities

o  ______- sought education through the Freedmen’s Bureau schools

·  The Freedmen’s Bureau attracted thousands of ______to schools and ______who realized the value of their education for voting and business

African American Farmers

New work arrangements for African American farmers developed.

·  ______

o  most of the South’s black and white ______

o  often continued to owe to ______year after year

•  ______

o  farmer had more control

o  able to ______money

•  ______

o  most ______arrangement

o  farmer needed to have good money ______skills

The Ku Klux Klan

·  In reaction to Republican gains in the South, violent groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan, organized to ______African Americans.

·  The Klan burned black ______and ______.

·  ______violence grew everywhere after the ______Amendment was passed in 1869.

Enforcement Acts

·  Congressional passing and use of the ______reduced racial violence.

·  The Enforcement Acts, ______, 1871

o  The acts made it ______to interfere with a citizen’s right to vote.

o  Congress used the Enforcement Acts to ______Klansmen throughout the South.

o  Although violence declined, ______persisted.

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