Name______Period___Date______
RECONSTRUCTION IN THE SOUTH
CHAPTER 12 SECTION 2
Focus Question
What were the immediate effects of ______?
· After the war, there was a struggle for ______control. African Americans used the ______of their ______to elect many ______from mayors to the U.S. Senate.
· Newly freed African Americans explored new relationships to ______, political and ______life. Groups like the ______aimed to turn back their progress through ______and ______
Republicans Gain Control
· During Reconstruction, Republicans gained control of southern state ______through the ______.
· Thousands of black men exercised their new right to ______.
· Many white southern men did not vote because they refused to sign the required ______to the ______.
· The Republican Party attracted people who sought ______, challenge, and ______to make money in the South.
o ______- White southern men who had been locked out of pre-war politics
o ______- White and black northerners who moved to the South to take advantage of the many post-war opportunities there
· Critics saw scalawags and carpetbaggers as ______making their fortune off of the South’s ______.
Public Schools
· Reconstruction state constitutions ______the creation of the ______school system.
· Public schools grew ______in the South.
· The system was ______as there needed to be ______schools in every district due to ______.
· Some Republicans proposed ______but the idea was generally unpopular.
Opportunities for Women
· Reconstruction also offered white and black ______opportunities they did not find in the ______
· Single women carved out new ______for themselves, especially in the school system developed during Reconstruction.
Problems in the South
· The South had many problems that made ______challenging.
o many ______southerners
o poor quality ______care
o poor quality ______
o slower economic ______than the North
o limited protection for ______
o racial ______
o rampant ______
Free African Americans
· Freed African Americans sought to build new ______.
o ______- moved to look for jobs as cooks, blacksmiths, or carpenters
o ______- worked at farming, lumbering, and re-building railroads
o ______- established black churches that became centers of their communities
o ______- sought education through the Freedmen’s Bureau schools
· The Freedmen’s Bureau attracted thousands of ______to schools and ______who realized the value of their education for voting and business
African American Farmers
New work arrangements for African American farmers developed.
· ______
o most of the South’s black and white ______
o often continued to owe to ______year after year
• ______
o farmer had more control
o able to ______money
• ______
o most ______arrangement
o farmer needed to have good money ______skills
The Ku Klux Klan
· In reaction to Republican gains in the South, violent groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan, organized to ______African Americans.
· The Klan burned black ______and ______.
· ______violence grew everywhere after the ______Amendment was passed in 1869.
Enforcement Acts
· Congressional passing and use of the ______reduced racial violence.
· The Enforcement Acts, ______, 1871
o The acts made it ______to interfere with a citizen’s right to vote.
o Congress used the Enforcement Acts to ______Klansmen throughout the South.
o Although violence declined, ______persisted.
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