Protists Study Guide
Are protists prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Why?
Eukaryotes- they have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Are most protists unicellular or multicellular?
Most are unicellular, although some are colonial or multicellular
Which group of protists are heterotrophs?
Animal-like protists
Which group of protists are autotrophs?
Plant-like protists
What is an ideal environment for mold?
Warm, moist
How do amoeba’s eat?
They surround their food with pseudopods
What are the four parts of an amoeba? (be able to label these parts)
Contractile vacuole, nucleus, food vacuole, pseudopod
What causes each disease?
(sarcodines, flagellates, sporozoans,
Amebic Dysentery (sarcodines)
Parasitic intestinal discomfort (flagellates- giardia)
African Sleeping Sickness (flagellates-trypanosome)
Malaria (sporozoans)
How do sarcodines reproduce?
Binary fission
How do zoomastigina’s move?
Using flagella (tail)
Do paramecium belong to the ciliates or the flagellates?
Ciliates
What are the parts of a paramecium? (be able to label these parts)
Cilia, macronucleus, micronucleus, contractile vacuole, oral groove, gullet, anal pore
Which group has two nuclei?
Ciliates
Which group reproduces by a combination of binary fission and conjugation?
Ciliates
Which group reproduces with spores?
Sporozoans
How do sporozoans move?
They don’t move, but they reproduce by releasing spores
How do the ciliates move?
Beating their cilia
How do zoomastigina move?
Moving their flagella (tails)
How do amoebas move?
Scissor-like motion, one body part moves, then the rest of the body catches up
What is the life cycle of a plasmodium carrying malaria?
Plasmodium carries Malaria through mosquitoes, spores migrate to the salivary glands and are injected while feeding, mosquito bites human, goes to liver, goes into red blood cells, split open and infect human
What are 3 ways plant-like protists are beneficial?
Habitats for organisms
Algae releases oxygen into the air
Base of food chain
Diatom shells in toothpaste, metal polishes, paint
What are 2 ways plant-like protists are harmful?
Cause disease
Kill fish
Algae blooms can limit the amount of sunlight
What is and what causes red tide?
Caused by dinoflagulates
Release a toxin that kills fish/animals
Are Euglena plantlike, animal-like, or both?
Both
What do the Euglena use to respond to light?
An eyespot
Which plant-like protest is used in toothpaste?
Diatoms
How are fungus-like protists similar to fungi? (3 ways)
they are heterotrophs,
grow in damp, nutrient rich environments, and
recycle organic matter
How are fungus-like protists dissimilar to fungi? (2 ways)
Lack chitin in cell walls
Cells have centrioles
What can look like an amoeba or a fungi depending on the stage of the life cycle?
Slime molds
What are two types of slime molds?
Cellular and Acellular
What is the life cycle of a cellular slime mold?
Unicellular, amoeba like
Form colonies
Fruiting body grows from colonies
Releases spores
What is the life cycle of an acellular slime mold?
Begin as amoeba-like
Aggregate and cells fuse to produce plasmodia
Plasmodia- structures with many nuclei
Sporangia forms
Sporangia- fruiting body
What do water molds eat?
Dead matter in water
Plant parasites on land
Which slime mold has both sexual and asexual phases?
Water molds
Give an educated argument for using algae as fuel.
Varies
How is algae a beneficial food source?
varies