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Supplementary material
The relationship between fertility and lifespan in humans
M. Kuningas et al.
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Supplementary table 1. Name, function and location of the analyzed candidate genes
Gene / Gene name / Function / #SNPs / LocationAMH / Anti-Mullerian hormone / Folliculogenesis / 11 / chr19:2,200,122-2,203,072
CGA / Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide / HPO-axis / 40 / chr6:87,851,941-87,861,543
CGB/LHB / Chorionic gonadotropin, beta/Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide / HPO-axis / 15 / chr19:54,217,939-54,219,405
CYP19A1 / Aromatase / HPO-axis / 163 / chr15:49,288,964-49,418,086
ESR1 / Estrogen receptor, alpha / HPO-axis / 342 / chr6:152,170,379-152,466,100
ESR2 / Estrogen receptor, beta / HPO-axis / 76 / chr14:63,769,609-63,830,831
FSHB / Follicle stimulating hormone, beta / HPO-axis / 16 / chr11:30,209,139-30,213,400
FSHR / Follicle stimulating hormone receptor / HPO-axis / 356 / chr2:49,043,157-49,235,134
FST / Follistatin / Folliculogenesis / 20 / chr5:52,812,352-52,817,660
GDF9 / Growth differentiation factor 9 / Folliculogenesis / 29 / chr5:132,225,182-132,228,124
GH1 / Growth hormone 1 / Folliculogenesis / 8 / chr17:59,348,296-59,349,930
GNRH1 / Gonadotropin-releasing hormone / HPO-axis / 14 / chr8:25,332,693-25,337,836
GNRHR / Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor / HPO-axis / 46 / chr4:68,285,701-68,304,399
HSD17B1 / Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 1 / HPO-axis / 14 / chr17:37,957,510-37,960,758
IL6ST / Interleukin 6 signal transducer / Implantation / 32 / chr5:55,272,452-55,326,520
INHA / Inhibin, alpha / HPO-axis / 7 / chr2:220,145,198-220,148,672
INHBA / Inhibin, beta A / HPO-axis / 16 / chr7:41,695,128-41,709,231
INHBB / Inhibin, beta B / HPO-axis / 11 / chr2:120,819,469-120,825,445
INHBC / Inhibin, beta C / HPO-axis / 14 / chr12:56,114,810-56,130,877
LHCGR / Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor / HPO-axis / 156 / chr2:48,767,473-48,836,321
LIF / Leukemia inhibitory factor / Implantation / 11 / chr22:28,966,443-28,972,748
LIFR / Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, alpha / Implantation / 74 / chr5:38,510,823-38,631,253
PGR / Progesterone receptor / HPO-axis / 141 / chr11:100,414,313-100,506,465
SOCS1 / Suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 / Implantation / 18 / chr16:11,255,775-11,257,540
STAT3 / Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 / Implantation / 34 / chr17:37,718,869-37,794,039
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Supplementary table 2. Function-wide and gene-wide association with fertility
0 vs. 1 child / 0 vs. 2-3 children / 0 vs. ≥4 children#SNPs / #ISIG / p-value / #ISIG / p-value / #ISIG / p-value
Function
Folliculogenesis / 68 / 2 / 0.44 / 0 / 1 / 3 / 0.27
HPO axis / 1427 / 5 / 0.31 / 5 / 0.60 / 5 / 0.09
Implantation / 169 / 3 / 0.42 / 0 / 1 / 3 / 0.55
Gene
AMH / 11 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
CGA / 40 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0.18
CGB/LHB / 15 / 2 / 0.012 / 1 / 0.0036 / 1 / 0.0042
CYP19A1 / 163 / 1 / 0.51 / 1 / 0.16 / 4 / 0.38
ESR1 / 342 / 3 / 0.82 / 1 / 0.52 / 3 / 0.28
ESR2 / 76 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
FSHB / 16 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0.17
FSHR / 356 / 3 / 0.23 / 5 / 0.42 / 5 / 0.023
FST / 20 / 1 / 0.15 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0.023
GDF9 / 29 / 1 / 0.19 / 0 / 1 / 2 / 0.19
GH1 / 8 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
GNRH1 / 14 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
GNRHR / 46 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
HSD17B1 / 14 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
IL6ST / 32 / 1 / 0.08 / 0 / 1 / 2 / 0.19
INHA / 7 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
INHBA / 16 / 1 / 0.021 / 1 / 0.10 / 0 / 1
INHBB / 11 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0.13
INHBC / 14 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
LHCGR / 156 / 1 / 0.64 / 5 / 0.55 / 4 / 0.65
LIF / 11 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
LIFR / 74 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
PGR / 141 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0.28 / 3 / 0.46
SOCS1 / 18 / 2 / 0.14 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
STAT3 / 34 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0.11
Set-based test in PLINK adjusted for birth year and education; ISIG – independent significant SNPs