Name:
ACIDS and BASES WEBQUEST
Chapter 15 and Chapter 16
Use the internet and your textbook to find the following information about acids and bases. The concepts do not necessarily need to be researched in order. Do not depend solely on sites like Wikipedia or ask.com, etc. Try to find other explanatory sites that deal specifically with acid/ base chemistry. List the 5 most useful sites you visited as a bibliography and give a 1 line review for each site.
The information obtained during the webquest will become part of your notes for chapters 15 and 16, so be sure to write full explanations of the concepts below. You will be tested on this information. You will also be given an overall participation grade for you time spent on task during the in class webquest days (up to 5 points/day). Anyone caught viewing unrelated websites will lose participation points.
Finally, prepare to pick one of the following concepts to illustrate in a poster. The poster should focus on one concept below (one of the numbered items) and should include one or more of the following:
· Chemical reaction with arrows showing proton transfer.
· Scientist’s pictures and corresponding acid/ base theories.
· Math equations and sample calculations or pH or pOH.
· Acid/ base examples, formulas (structural), and samples of where that acid or base is found or used.
All posters are to be neat, colorful, creative and informative. They should present the concept in full detail.
Bibliography and quick review of sites:
ACID CONCEPTS:
1. List 5 general properties of acids.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Find and explain the following acid types. Discuss the origin of the definition, give examples of each type of acid and discuss the scientists who developed the definitions.
2. Arrhenius
3. Bronsted-Lowry
4. Lewis
5. What makes an acid strong?
6. List 6 strong acids (names and formulas).
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
7. The concentration (molarity) of an acid solution is not the same as the strength of the acid. What is the difference?
8. The term “protic” refers to protons (hydrogen ions). What is meant when an acid is referred to as monoprotic, diprotic, or triprotic? Give examples to illustrate your explanation.
9. The Bronsted-Lowry definitions of acids and bases provide a basis for studying proton transfer in acid-base reactions. Two terms, conjugate acid and conjugate base, are a part of the nomenclature associated with this study. What are conjugate acids and bases? Provide a reaction formula equation to illustrate your answer. Label the acid, base, conjugate acid and conjugate base.
10. Determine the relative strength of the following acids: H2S, HF, HNO3, and CH3COOH
What do you use to determine relative strengths of acids (hint: not pH)?
11. What is hydronium ion and how is it made?
12. Find an acid (or mixture) that will dissolve gold.
13. Determine the acid used in batteries. Write its formula. Discuss its strength.
14. Determine the acid used to etch glass. Write its formula. Is this acid strong or weak? Write the reaction that occurs when glass is etched.
15. Find the acid also know as muriatic acid. Write the formula and discuss uses for muriatic acid.
16. Acetylsalicylic acid is the major ingredient in ______. Draw its structural formula.
17. Find and explain the rule for diluting acids with water.
18. Write the structural formula for acetic acid and show the acidic hydrogen. Where would you find acetic acid? (household product) What is the percentage of acetic acid in this solution (household product).
19. What causes acid rain? Write multiple relevant reactions that contribute to acid rain.
ADDITIONAL ACID FACTS:
BASE CONCEPTS
20. List 5 general properties of bases.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Find and explain the following base types. Discuss the origin of the definition, give examples of each type of base
21. Arrhenius
22. Bronsted-Lowry
23. Lewis
24. List the names and formulas of 6 strong bases.
25. What is the hydroxide ion?
26. Write the structural formula of aniline and discuss its use.
27. Write the reaction that occurs when aniline reacts with water. Label the acid, the base, the conjugate acid, and the conjugate base.
28. Write the formula for ammonia. Show a Bronsted-Lowry reaction to show ammonia acting as a base.
29. How is ammonia produced. Find the process and write relevant reactions.
ADDITIONAL BASE FACTS:
ACIDS and BASES
30. There are several ways to express the acidity or basicity of a solution. Probably the most common means is by using pH. How is the numerical value of pH determined, and how does its magnitude relate to acidity or basicity?
31. What is pH? How is it calculated? Show the calculation of the pH of a 1.00 M solution of HCl.
32. What is pOH? How is it calculated? Show the calculation of the pOH of a 0.50 M solution of NaOH. What is the pH of this solution?
33. Define amphoteric. Find 3 examples of amphoteric substances.
34. What is a neutralization reaction? Write a sample neutralization reaction and the net ionic reaction that occurs during neutralization. How else could you categorize this reaction (type)?
35. Determine if Drano is an acid or base and describe how it works to clean clogged drains. Include any relevant reactions.
36. Determine if sodium bicarbonate is acidic or basic. Discuss its use and write relevant reactions to show its acidic or basic properties.
37. What is an acid base titration? What is it used for? What equipment is needed? Describe the process.
38. What is an indicator (for a titration)? Why is it necessary? How does it work? List three common indicators and the color changes that they undergo (and the pH range for each).