Site Number (13LN Prefix)

Table 1. Architectural Properties Recorded During the Current Investigation.

Inventory Number / Location / Property Type / Temporal Range and Historical Associations/Property Owners / Integrity and Comments / Preliminary NRHP
Evaluation
57-06476 / NW1/4, NW1/4,
Sect. 31, Fayette Twp. / Farmstead / 1850-1870
P. Hutchinson & C.E. Walker / Good integrity for both pre-1870 house and barn / Eligible under C
57-06477 / SE1/4, NW1/4,
Sect. 3, Clinton Twp. / Cemetery / Spring Grove Cemetery est. 1848 but may contain earlier Meskwaki burials / Pioneer & potential Native American cemetery is significant / Eligible under A and possibly D
57-06478 / SW1/4, SE1/4,
Sect. 28, Clinton Twp. / Farmstead / 1850-1870
Ezra Losses / The house is definitely of pre-1870 vintage and well preserved / Eligible under C
57-06479 / SW1/4, SW1/4,
Sect. 5, Fairfax Twp. / Dwelling / c.1857
James Ure / Good integrity for Italianate brick house / Eligible under C, possibly B
57-06480 / SE1/4, NW1/4,
Sect. 6, Fairfax Twp. / Dwelling / 1860s
William Ure / Good integrity for Greek Revival style frame house / Eligible under C, possibly B
57-06481 / SW1/4, SW1/4
Section 1, Fairfax Twp. / Barn / 1890s-c.1900
Clara and Frank Beebe / Barn is collapsing and found to be post-Early Settlement Era in date / Ineligible
57-06482 / SW1/4, NW1/4,
Sect. 36, Fairfax Twp. / Bohemian
Farmstead / Late 19th c. to early 20th c.
Joseph Cerveny / Interesting Bohemian immigrant farmstead / Eligible under C
57-06483 / SW1/4, SW1/4,
Sect. 36, Fairfax Twp. / Bohemian
Farmstead / Late 19th c. to early 20th c.
Wesley Cerveny / Interesting Bohemian immigrant farmstead / Eligible under C
57-06484 / SE1/4, SW1/4,
Sect. 27, Fairfax Twp. / Bohemian?
Farmstead / Late 19th c. to early 20th c.
Frank Bys / Possible Bohemian immigrant farmstead requires further research to clarify affiliation / Potentially eligible but will require more extensive research
57-06485 / NW1/4, NW1/4
Sect. 33, College Twp. / Farmstead / 1860s
George Seroway / Problematic integrity for house and questionable Early Settlement Era construction for the barn / Potentially eligible but will require more extensive research
57-06486 / 1974 1st Avenue, Covington / Church / Built in 1860, this building was moved into Covington after 1882 / Has been altered since move / Ineligible
57-06487 / 1986 Covington Road,
Covington / Community
Hall / Built in the 1920s, this building served as the center for community activities, dances, and voting / Retains good integrity / Eligible under C
57-06488 / 1962 Covington Road, Covington / Dwelling / Built in 1880s-1890s / Poor integrity, too many alterations / Ineligible
57-06489 / 2015 Covington Road, Covington / Dwelling / Built in 1880s-1890s, may have some association with Usher family? / Poor integrity, too many alterations / Ineligible
57-06490 / 2009 Covington Road, Covington / Dwelling / Built in the 1880s-1890s, possible association with railroad? / Poor integrity, too many alterations / Ineligible
57-06491 / SE corner Vanderbilt & Church, Fairfax / Hotel / Built in the late 19th century as the Star Hotel and Livery / Retains sufficient integrity at present, still recognizable as the Star Hotel / Eligible under C and possibly A
57-06492 / 425 Vanderbilt, Fairfax / Dwelling / Dr. Dvorak House built in early 1900s / Retains a high degree of integrity / Eligible under C and possibly B
57-06493 / NE corner Church & Park, Fairfax / Church / St. Patrick’s Catholic Church built in 1912 / Retains a high degree of integrity / Eligible under C and possibly A and D
57-06494 / East end of Church, Fairfax / School / St. Patrick’s School built in 1915-16 / Retains a high degree of integrity / Eligible under C and possibly A
57-06495 / 324 Church, Fairfax / Rectory / St. Patrick’s Rectory built in the 1890s-early 1900s / Has been clad with vinyl siding, some integrity concerns / Potentially eligible as a MPS including the church and school
57-06496 / 267 Vanderbilt, Fairfax / Lumberyard / Former lumberyard alongside railroad tracks / Retains fairly good integrity, one of the few commercial properties left / Potentially eligible under C and A
57-06497 / 403 Railroad Street, Fairfax / Dwelling / 2nd oldest house in Fairfax built in the 1860s / House has been altered but is still recognizable as an older dwelling / Eligible under C
57-06498 / 215 Vanderbilt, Fairfax / Dwelling / Knickerbocker House built in early 1900s / House retains good integrity; important property in town’s history / Eligible under C and possibly B
57-06499 / 236 Vanderbilt, Fairfax / Dwelling / Stallman House built shortly after Knickerbocker house in similar design / House retains good integrity / Eligible under C and possibly B
57-06500 / 323 Vanderbilt, Fairfax / Hotel/Hall / SullivanHotel, later the Masonic Hall / Has been altered / Ineligible under C but some potential under A
57-06501 / NE corner Vanderbilt & Church / Dwelling / Unidentified house dating from the early 1900s / Retains good integrity and has been recently refurbished / Eligible under C
57-06502 / 323 Main, Fairfax / Dwelling / Late Victorian house built in late 19th to early 20th century / Retains good integrity / Eligible under C
57-06503 / 400 Vanderbilt, Fairfax / Commercial / Drugstore and doctor’s office / Poor integrity, greatly altered / Ineligible
57-06504 / 202 Church, Fairfax / Dwelling / Flaherty house / Fair integrity; may have ethnic affiliation / Potential under A or B but requires research
57-06505 / 417 Railroad Street, Fairfax / Former Rectory / Former St. Patrick’s Rectory, moved to this location in 1890s-early 1900s / Fair integrity, notable early settlement era dwelling despite move / Potential under C and A

Table 2. Rural Architectural Properties Warranting Recordation by Future Studies

Location / Property Type / Temporal Range/Associations / Notable Components
SW1/4, NE1/4
Sect. 7, Fairfax Twp. / Two adjoining and potentially related farmsteads / Early 20th century
James Rogers / Very interesting and well preserved early 20th c. farmsteads – one appears to be the main property, while the 2nd may be a tenant or relative property
NE1/4, SW1/4
Sect. 10, Clinton Twp. / Farmstead / Late 19th-early 20th centuries
Joseph Railsback / Interesting early 20th century house with small gabled basement barn, both well preserved
NW1/4, SW1/4
Sect. 12, Fairfax Twp. / Farmstead / Late 19th – early 20th centuries
W. Saddom/M. Cahill / Potential Early Settlement Era basement barn, house has been altered, later additions, but some potential eligibility
NW1/4, NW1/4
Sect. 18, Fairfax Twp. / Farmstead / Possible mid-19th to early 20th c.
M. Ure/F. Spellerberg / Potential Early Settlement Era farmstead, older barn and house but integrity not great
SE1/4, SW1/4
Sect. 13, Fairfax Twp. / Farmstead / Late 19th-early 20th c.
W. Pidima (or Peclima) / Bohemian immigrant farmstead has smaller gabled cottage behind later house but has been altered
SW1/4, SW1/4
Sect. 28, Clinton Twp. / Farmstead / Late 19th –early 20th c.
C. Paul/W.W. Johnston / Has the small gabled cottage typically seen on Bohemian farmsteads but the plat maps do not confirm such an association. Bears further research however.
NE1/4, SW1/4
Sect. 17, Clinton Twp. / Farmstead / Established c.1895
Valentine Keiper / Well preserved late 19th-early 20th century farmstead warrants further inspection and research
SE1/4, SE1/4
Sect. 19, Clinton Twp. / Farmstead / Late 19th-early 20th c.
M. Metter/Henry Theiss / Very interesting complex of buildings, with notable early 20th century folk art rock fencepost/pillars
SE1/4, NE1/4
Sect. 20, Clinton Twp. / Farmstead / Late 19th –early 20th c.
John Weinecke / Interesting large gabled barn and older house warrant survey and research

Table 3. Archaeological Sites Recorded During Current Investigation

Site Number / Site Type / Site Location / TemporalRange (artifacts) and
Property owner associations* / Site Integrity and
Other Comments / Preliminary NRHP Evaluation
13LN829 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-Section 5 / mid-19th to early 20th century
Higley & Bro (1859), H. Springer (1869) / Intact open well, otherwise low potential for substantial ESE component / Ineligible under ESE MPS**
13LN830 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 8 / mid-19th to 20th centuries (primarily late)
“H.W.” on maps / House was moved from this site in 20th c.; low potential for intact ESE component / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN831 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 6 / mid-late 19th century
Ladd (1869) / High density of artifacts dating from ESE; high potential for intact features indicated by subsurface testing / Potentially Eligible;
Warrants Phase II testing
13LN832 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 4 / mid-late 19th century (primarily late)
J.W.M. (1869) / Moderate density of artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN833 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 5 / mid-late 19th century / B. Hutchins (1859), A.B. Hutchins (1878, pg. 750) / Moderate to high density of ESE artifacts; however, subsurface testing indicated low potential for intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN834 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 21 / mid-late 19th century
George Brown (1878, pg. 743) / Moderate density of artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN835 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 19 / Late 19th-20th centuries
Pomeroy (1869) / No ESE component indicated by recovered artifacts / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN836 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 19 / Late 19th-20th centuries
Jas. Tordoff (1869 & 1878, pg. 758-9) / Has intact foundation but artifacts indicate primarily a late occupation / Ineligible under ESE MPS**
13LN837 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 18 / mid-late 19th century
J.E. Tennant (1869) / Moderate to high density of ESE artifacts; however, subsurface testing indicated low potential for intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN838 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 15 / late 19th-late 20th centuries
R. Phelps (1859, 1869) / Intact foundations; however, subsurface testing revealed only sparse ESE artifacts / Ineligible under ESE MPS**
13LN839 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 8 / mid-late 19th century
Jos. Kline (1869) / Moderate density of artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN840 / Historic habitation / T84N-R8W-
Section 31 / mid-late 19th century
Jno. Drafahl (1878, pg. 763) / Low density of artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN841 / Historic habitation / T84N-R8W-
Section 32 / mid-19th – 20th centuries
C.E. Vandyke (1859, 1869) / Buried intact foundation; however, artifacts are primarily post-ESE / Ineligible under ESE MPS**
13LN842 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 16 / late 19th-20th centuries
N.J. Parker (1859), S.M. Brown (1869) / Low density of artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN843 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 35 / mid-late 19th century
H.N. Nicholas (1869) / Moderate to low density of artifacts; however, subsurface testing indicated potential for intact features / Potentially eligible under ESE MPS
13LN844 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 35 / mid-late 19th century
S. Sager (1859), J. Tyler (1869) / Moderate density of artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN845 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 25 / late 19th-20th centuries / A. “Jubeck” (1869 & 1878, pg. 808 as A. “Kubic”) / Artifacts primarily post-ESE but appears to have a Bohemian affiliation; however, no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN846 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 5 / mid-19th to 20th century / D. Lusk (1859), A.J. Reid (1869 & 1878 pg. 810) / Artifacts primarily post-ESE; depression suggest possible cellar or foundation / Ineligible under ESE MPS**
13LN847 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 31 / mid-late 19th century
David O’Connell (1869 & 1878 pg. 754) / Low artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN848 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 31 / mid-late 19th century
J.E. Brown (1869) / Low artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN849 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 11 / mid 19th – 20th centuries
Wm. B. Knickerbocker (1869 & 1878 pg. 808) / Moderate density of primarily post-ESE artifacts; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN850 / Historic habitation / T82N-R7W-
Section 32 / mid-late 19th century (primarily late)
A. Kilberger (1869) / Moderate artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN851 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 18 / mid-late 19th century
Thos. Springer (1869) / Moderate artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN852 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 2 / mid 19th – 20th centuries (primarily late)
Jno. Lichteberger (1859, 1869 & 1878
pg. 809) / Artifacts primarily post-ESE; partial limestone foundation indicated. Foundation was still visible in 1940s. / Ineligible under ESE MPS**
13LN853 / Historic habitation / T82N-R8W-
Section 3 / mid-late 19th century (primarily early)
U.C. Roe (1869) / Moderate artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN854 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 10 / mid-late 19th century (primarily early)
J. Kline (1859, 1869) / Moderate to low artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN855 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 9 / mid-late 19th century
J.R. White (1859), J. & W. Charra (1869) / Moderate artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN856 / Historic habitation / T84N-R8W-
Section 31 / mid-late 19th century (primarily early)
D. Richardson (1859, 1869) / Moderate to high artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN857 / Historic habitation / T83N-R8W-
Section 19 / mid-late 19th century (primarily early)
George Tordoff (1869 & 1878, pg. 758-9) / Moderate to high artifact density; no indication of intact features / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN858 / Historic school / T83N-R8W-
Section 19 / mid-19th – 20th centuries (primarily late)
school / Artifacts primarily post-ESE; no indication of substantial ESE component / Ineligible under ESE MPS
13LN861 / Historic school / T84N-R8W- Section 31 / Late 19th to 20th century
School / Artifacts post-ESE; no indication of substantial ESE component or features / Ineligible under ESE MPS

* = number in parentheses refers to representation on the 1859 or 1869 maps and whether a biography for the owner can be found in the 1878 county history book

** = These sites may be eligible under later historic contexts such as the Expansion Era and should be further examined if the sites are threatened or if future studies more

fully develop the later historic period contexts in this area.

ESE MPS = Early Settlement Era Multiple Property Submission

ESE = Early Settlement Era

Table 4. Artifact Summary Table from Archaeological Sites Recorded During Current Investigation

Site Number (13LN prefix) / 829 / 830 / 831 / 832 / 833 / 834 / 835 / 836 / 837 / 838 / 839 / 840 / 841 / 842 / 843 / 844 / 845 / 846 / 847 / 848 / 849 / 850 / 851 / 852 / 853 / 854 / 855 / 856 / 857 / 858 / 861
WHITEWARE:
embossed / 2 / 1 / 2 / 7 / 1 / 1
transfer print / 3 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 2
sponged / 1 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 7 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
handpainted / 1 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 1 / 1 / 5 / 5 / 2
decal / 2 / 2 / 3 / 1
shell edge / 1 / 4 / 3 / 2 / 2
flow / 2 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
annular / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
other decorated / 1 / 2 / 2
undecorated / 3 / 6 / 15 / 3 / 7 / 5 / 4 / 3 / 6 / 10 / 1 / 7 / 8 / 4 / 2 / 10 / 4 / 3 / 10 / 3 / 2 / 4 / 8 / 2
YELLOWARE / 8 / 3 / 3 / 2 / 1 / 12 / 1 / 2 / 2 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 4 / 2
PEARLWARE / 1
REDWARE / 11 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 5 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 10 / 6
IRONSTONE / 4 / 8 / 20 / 10 / 31 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 34 / 20 / 20 / 12 / 3 / 5 / 1 / 6 / 1 / 1 / 10 / 8 / 5 / 6 / 3 / 10 / 17 / 23 / 1
PORCELAIN / 4 / 1 / 3 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 2 / 1 / 3 / 4 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 1
STONEWARE / 4 / 8 / 35 / 13 / 22 / 18 / 23 / 6 / 20 / 2 / 11 / 11 / 9 / 2 / 7 / 11 / 5 / 17 / 1 / 7 / 7 / 12 / 4 / 8 / 6 / 12 / 18 / 15 / 1 / 1
BALL CLAY / 2 / 1 / 1
GLASS:
window glass / 5 / 4 / 56 / 6 / 16 / 15 / 4 / 4 / 3 / 18 / 45 / 4 / 3 / 8 / 4 / 3 / 12 / 6 / 4 / 5 / 5 / 1 / 16 / 9 / 16 / 9 / 7 / 6 / 43 / 16 / 13
bottle glass / 4 / 20 / 32 / 6 / 48 / 14 / 24 / 16 / 41 / 48 / 28 / 9 / 5 / 13 / 5 / 4 / 11 / 12 / 2 / 3 / 7 / 3 / 12 / 9 / 8 / 3 / 6 / 13 / 14 / 11 / 3
tableware / 2 / 2 / 7 / 5 / 12 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 4 / 2 / 2 / 5 / 2 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 8 / 2 / 4 / 2 / 1
other glass / 1 / 1 / 3 / 1 / 2 / 7 / 1
METAL:
square nails / 1 / 86 / 6 / 6 / 2 / 10 / 4 / 4 / 37 / 4 / 6 / 2 / 23 / 6 / 4 / 1 / 14 / 4 / 2 / 2 / 1 / 1 / 8 / 4 / 4 / 5 / 8 / 9 / 7 / 1
wire nails / 2 / 24 / 1 / 3 / 10 / 1
other metal / 1 / 10 / 1 / 3 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 4 / 27 / 5 / 2 / 7 / 7 / 1 / 1 / 4 / 3 / 5 / 3
BRICK* / M / M / H / N / M / M / M / M / M / H / M / M / M / M / M / M / M / N / M / M / L / L / M / L / M / M / M / M / M / M / L
LIMESTONE* / M / M / H / N / M / M / M / H / H / H / M / M / M / N / H / L / N / M / M / M / L / M / M / M / M / M / M / L / M / L / L
OTHER / 1 / 2 / 2 / 4 / 1 / 1 / 1
TOTALS / 24 / 60 / 290 / 57 / 155 / 73 / 86 / 58 / 123 / 191 / 145 / 51 / 34 / 65 / 41 / 46 / 34 / 113 / 17 / 15 / 36 / 30 / 61 / 38 / 61 / 37 / 54 / 101 / 124 / 45 / 18

* H = high density, M = moderate density, L = low density, N = none observed

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