I.S. 239 NAME: ______

7A ___ - ID ____ DATE: ______

S.S. Exam #1 – Review Sheet

Topics the Exam will cover:

1.  Primary vs. Secondary sources (USH pg H3-H5)

2.  The Earliest Americans (USH 6-9)

3.  The Middle Ages and the Renaissance (USH 22-27)

4.  The Beginnings of European Exploration (USH 38-45)

5.  Spain in the Americas (USH 46-51)

6.  The Race for Empires (USH 52-57)

Key Terms & Words:

Primary source

Secondary source

Bering Land Bridge/ Beringia

Migration

Paleo-Indians

Hunter-gatherers

Nomads

Olmec

Maya

Aztec

Inca

Mesoamerica

Theocracy

Terracing

Vikings

Feudalism

The Crusades

The Holy Land

The Renaissance

Monarchs

Cultural Diffusion

Joint-stock companies

Caravels

Line of Demarcation

Treaty of Tordesillas

Circumnavigate

Columbian Exchange

Conquistadors

Encomienda system

Protestant Reformation

Protestants

Spanish Armada

Northwest Passage

Charter

Key Historical Figures:

Michelangelo

Leonardo da Vinci

Marco Polo

Johannes Gutenberg

Erik the Red

Leif Eriksson/Ericson

Henry the Navigator

Bartolomeu Dias

Vasco da Gama

Ferdinand & Isabella

Christopher Columbus

Amerigo Vespucci Vasco Nunez de Balboa

Ferdinand Magellan

Hernan Cortes

Francisco Pizarro

Montezuma II/ Moctezuma II

Quetzalcoatl

Juan Ponce de Leon

Hernando de Soto

Bartolome de Las Casas

Martin Luther

John Cabot

Giovanni da Verrazano

Jacques Cartier

Henry Hudson

Sir Walter Raleigh

John White

Samuel de Champlain

Louis Jolliet

Jacques Marquette

Rene-Robert de La Salle

Concepts/Ideas to Understand

1.  Why did Paleo-Indians migrate to the Americas?

2.  Why did Europeans become interested in other lands during the Middle Ages?

3.  How did the Renaissance change European culture?

4.  Why did European nations want to find a sea route to Asia?

5.  Why did Columbus embark on his voyages of exploration?

6.  What was the impact of Columbus crossing the Atlantic?

7.  What early societies developed across Mesoamerica and South America?

8.  What happened when the Europeans and the Early Americans met?

9.  How did the Columbian Exchange affect the economies and people of Europe, Africa, and the Americas?

10. What motivated explorers? What are the “Three G’s”?

11. How have maps changed over time?

12. Why was Spain able to establish a large empire in the Americas?

13. In what ways did other European nations begin to challenge Spain in the Americas during the 1500s?