Name______Period_____

Andrus AP European History Ch 12 Reading Study Guide #3P. 407-415

1. What were the years of the Thirty Years’ War?______

2. About how many autonomous political entities in Germany in this era?______

3. Where did Calvinism achieve a ‘German Geneva’ in the 1560s?______

4. Why did Lutheran believers and Lutheran princes feel threatened by the rise of Calvinism in the HRE?

5. Why did Maximilian of Bavaria organize a new Catholic League in 1609?

List the names and dates of the four periods of the Thirty Years’ War.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10. What is the ‘defenestration of Prague’?

11. What happened at the Battle of White Mountain (1620)?

12. What was Ferdinand II able to accomplish as a result of the outcome of the battle?

13. Which three nations urged (Lutheran) King Christian IV (r. 1588-1648) of Denmark into the conflict in 1625-26?

14. Why was it unrealistic for Ferdinand II to reassert the Peace of Augsburg (1555) and reaffirm the illegality of Calvinism in his Edict of Restitution (1629)?

15. Who led the Protestant cause in the Thirty Years’ War during the Swedish Period?

16. Who were this leader’s two backers?

17. What military innovations did this Protestant commander deploy on the battlefield? (allowing him to win a smashing victory at Breitenfeld in 1630)

18. What successful Catholic ally did Ferdinand II have assassinated in 1634?

19. Why?

20. Why did the Swedes (backed by the French and the Dutch) keep the war going and another 18 years after the Peace of Prague?

21. How much of the population of Germany was killed as a direct result of the war?

22. Which Protestant faith was officially legally sanctioned was a result of the Treaty of Westphalia (1648)?

23. Which two political entities were recognized as officially independent in the treaty?

24. What did the German state of Bavaria get in the treaty?

25. Which German area emerged as the dominant state in the north?

26. Which two powers remained at war for the next 11 years outside the HRE?

27. Which two German states were the only ones to have any significant international power in the 17th Century (and beyond)?