LABORATORY 1 REPORT: MEASUREMENT

(Be sure to record the units for each measurement.)

METER STICK VERNIER CALIPER

Table Top Wooden Block

Length / Length
Width / Width
Area / Height
Volume

MICROMETERVERNIER CALIPER

Glass MarbleWooden Sphere

Trial No. / Diameter / Trial / Diameter
1 / 1
2 / 2
Average / Average

TAPE MEASURE

Classroom Floor

Length
(in feet and inches) / Length
(in decimal feet)
Width
(in feet and inches) / Width
(in decimal feet)
Length
(in meters) / Area
(in square feet)
Width
(in meters) / Area
(in square meters)

WIRE GAUGE AND MICROMETER

Wire GaugeMicrometer

Range / Diameter / Trial No. / Diameter
Smaller than: / 1
Larger than: / 2
Average / Average

BALANCEMETRONOME

Object / Mass / Measured time for 100 beats
Block / Measured time for 1 beat
Sphere / Nominal time for 1 beat
Rock / Percent difference

PULSE

Trial No. / Time for 20 beats
(s) / Deviation from average, di
(s) / Deviation from average
Squared, (di)2
(s2)
i = 1
i = 2
i = 3
i = 4
i = 5
Average

 = Standard Deviation = = ______

LABORATORY 2 REPORT: VECTOR ADDITION

Data Table for Step 2:

Force / Magnitude
(grams)* / Angle
A / 200
B / 200
C

Data Table for Steps 3 - 5:

Step / Force / Magnitude
(grams) / Angle
A
3 / B
C
A
4 / B
C
A
5 / B
C

* It is understood that a kilogram is not a unit of force, but a unit of mass. To get the downward gravitational force by the earth one should multiply each mass by 9.80 m/s2. But since the force is proportional to the mass, it is suggested that you record the mass instead of the weight.

Step 2:

Step 3:

Step 4:

Step 5:

LABORATORY 3 REPORT: TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING

LABORATORY 4 REPORT: SCIENTIFIC METHOD - PENDULUM

Data Table 1: Effect of Length Data Table 2: Effect of Mass

Pendulum Length
(m) / Time for
25 Cycles
(s) / Period
(s) / Trial No. / Time for
25 Cycles
(s) / Period
(s)
0.750 / 1
0.500 / 2
0.400 / 3
0.300 / Average

Comments:

Data Table 3: Effect of Shape Data Table 4: Effect of Size

Trial No. / Time for
25 Cycles
(s) / Period
(s) / Trial No. / Time for
25 Cycles
(s) / Period
(s)
1 / 1
2 / 2
3 / 3
Average / Average

Comments:

Data Table 5: Effect of Amplitude

Trial No. / Amplitude / Time for
25 Cycles
(s) / Period
(s) / Trial No. / Amplitude / Time for
25 Cycles
(s) / Period
(s)
1 / 30o / 1 / 45o
2 / 30o / 2 / 45o
3 / 30o / 3 / 45o
Average / 30o / Average / 45o

Comments:

Data for Part F:Experimental length for T = 2.0 seconds ______

Theoretical length for T = 2.0 seconds ______

Percent difference ______

LABORATORY 5 REPORT: ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY

Data and Calculations Table:

Interval # / Position of Hole
On Left
(m) / Distance Traveled
In One Interval
(m) / Time at which
vaverage = v(t)
(s) / Average Velocity
In Interval
(m/s)
0 – 1 / 1/60
1 – 2 / 3/60
2 – 3 / 5/60
3 – 4 / 7/60
4 – 5 / 9/60
5 – 6 / 11/60
6 – 7 / 13/60
7 – 8 / 15/60
8 – 9 / 17/60
9 – 10 / 19/60
10 – 11

Value of Acceleration From Graph ______m/s2

Percent difference ______

LABORATORY 6 REPORT: SIMPLE MACHINES - PULLEYS

Data Table:

Pulley Type / Ia / Ib / IIa / IIb / IIIa / IIIb / IVa / IVb
Mass of
Movable
Pulley (grams) / 0.00
Mass of Brass
Cylinder
(grams)
Output Force
(g-grams)*
Spring Balance
Reading
(grams)
Mass of Spring
Balance
(grams) / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00 / 0.00
Input Force
(g-grams)*
Displacement of
Input Force
(cm)
Displacement of
Output Force
(cm)
AMA
IMA
Efficiency

* The proper unit here is the dyne, but since the acceleration due to gravity cancels out in the calculation of the AMA, it is suggested that the acceleration due to gravity be left as the letter unit g; as in g-grams.

LABORATORY 7 REPORT: SIMPLE MACHINES – LEVER, WHEEL AND AXLE,

INCLINED PLANE

Data for Part A: Levers

Lever Type / First Class / Second Class / Third Class
Load (g-grams)*
Input Force (g-grams)
Input Force Lever Arm (cm)
Load Lever Arm (cm)
AMA
IMA
Efficiency

* For convenience, leave the acceleration due to gravity in symbol form, as in g-grams.

Data for Part B: Wheel and Axle

Case A / Case B / Case C
Load (g-grams)
Input Force (g-grams)
Wheel Radius (cm)
Axle Radius (cm)
AMA
IMA
Efficiency

Data for Part C: Inclined Plane

Trial / 1 / 2
Angle of Incline / 30o / 30o
Mass Added to Cart (g-grams) / 0 / 400
Total Load, Cart + Mass (g-grams)
Input Force (g-grams)
Distance Cart Moves Along Hypotenuse (cm)
Vertical Distance Cart Moves (cm)
AMA
IMA
Efficiency

LABORATORY REPORT 8: NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION

Data for Parts A and B: Driving force kept constant.

Friction allowance = mf = ______kg Pulley Mass = mp = ______kg

Trial No. / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4
m1 (kg)
m2 (kg)
Distance of Fall (m)
Time of Fall (s)
vaverage (m/s)
vfinal (m/s)
aexperimental (m/s2)
F = (m1 - m2)g (N)
m = m1 + m2 + mf + (1/3) mp (kg)
atheoretical (m/s2)
Percent difference

Data for Part C: Total mass kept constant.

Trial No. / 1 / 2 / 3
m1 (kg)
m2 (kg)
Distance of Fall (m)
Time of Fall (s)
vaverage (m/s)
vfinal (m/s)
aexperimental (m/s2)
F = (m1 - m2)g (N)
m = m1 + m2 + mf + (1/3) mp (kg)
atheoretical (m/s2)
Percent difference

LABORATORY 9 REPORT: THE COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION

Trial / Block Only / Block + Mass 1 / Block + Mass 2 / Block + Mass 3 / Block + Mass 4
Mass Added on
Top of Block (kg) / 0
Total Mass
on Board (kg)
Total Weight
on Board (N)
Mass Needed to
Move Block (kg)
Weight Needed to
Move Block (N)

Coefficient of kinetic friction from graph: k = ______

Data for Coefficient of Static Friction:

Trial 1 ______degrees

Trial 2 ______degrees

Trial 3 ______degrees

Average ______degrees

Coefficient of Static Friction = s= ______

LABORATORY 10 REPORT: CENTRIPETAL FORCE

Data & Calculations Table 1:

Trial / 1 / 2 / 3
Mass of Stopper, m (kg)
Radius (m)
Time for 25 Revolutions (s)
Time for 1 Revolution (s)
Speed (m/s)
A. Centripetal Force from Eq.1 (N)
Hanging Mass, M (kg)
B. Centripetal Force from Fc = Mg* (N)
Percent difference between
centripetal forces A and B, above

*Use g = 9.80 m/s2

Data & Calculations Table 2:

Trial / 1 / 2 / 3
Mass of Stopper, m (kg)
Radius (m)
Time for 25 Revolutions (s)
Time for 1 Revolution (s)
Speed (m/s)
A. Centripetal Force from Eq.1 (N)
Hanging Mass, M (kg)
B. Centripetal Force from Fc = Mg* (N)
Percent difference between
centripetal forces A and B, above

*Use g = 9.80 m/s2

LABORATORY 11 REPORT: HOOKE'S LAW

Data Table 1: Hooke's Law Data

Trial / Attached Mass
(kg) / Applied Force
(N) / Displacement
(m)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Spring stiffness constant from graph: k = ______N/m

Data Table 2: Simple Harmonic Motion Data

Mass of spring = ______kg

Trial / Attached
Mass
(kg) / Oscillating
Mass
(kg) / Time for 25 Cycles
(s) / Observed
Period
(s) / Theoretical
Period
(s)
1
2
3
4

LABORATORY 12 REPORT: THE BALLISTIC PENDULUM

Data Table 1:

Mass of Ball: m = ______

Mass of Pendulum: M = ______

Six pawl positions: ______

______

______

______

______

______

Average pawl position: ______

h = ______

V = ______

v = ______

Momentum before collision: mv = ______

Momentum after collision: mV + MV = ______

Kinetic energy after collision: ½(m + M)V2 = ______

Potential energy at average pawl position: (m + M)gh = ______

Data Table 2:

y = ______

x = ______

t = ______

v = ______

Percent difference = ______

LABORATORY 13 REPORT: MOMENTS AND CENTER OF MASS

Data For Part A:

Data Table 1: Center of Mass of Weighted Meter Stick

Mass of weighted meter stick: mstick ______kg

Trial / Mass 1
(kg) / Distance 1
(m) / Mass 2
(kg) / Distance 2
(m) / Mass 3
(kg) / Distance 3
(m)
1
2

Torque equation: d1m1 + d2m2 + d3m3 + dstickmstick = 0.

Trial 1:dstick ______m

Position of center of mass ______m

Trial 2:dstick ______m

Position of center of mass ______m

Center of mass from balancing on knife-edge ______m

Calculations:

Data For Part B:

Data Table 2:

Object / Mass
(kg) / Angle 
(degrees) / Sin  / d
(meters)

2
3
Bar

Torque equation: d1m1sin1 + d2m2sin2 d3m3sin3  dbarmbarsinbar = 0

dbar ______m

dbar from balancing on a meter stick ______m

Calculations:

Data For Part C:

Data Table 3: Model Crane Boom

mstick (grams)
dstick (meters)
m1 (grams)
d1 (meters)
Angle  (degrees)
Angle  (degrees)
Reading of Spring Balance #1
(grams)
Reading of Spring Balance #2
(grams)
Theoretical Reading
of Spring Balance #1 (grams)
Theoretical Reading
of Spring Balance #2 (grams)
% difference for
Spring Balance #1
% difference for
Spring Balance #2

Torque equation: mstickdsticksin + m1d1sin – T1d1sin = 0

Force equation: T2sin – T1sin( + ) = 0

Calculations:

LABORATORY 14 REPORT: ARCHIMEDES' PRINCIPLE

Data & Calculations Table for Part A:

Cylinder / Aluminum / Copper / Steel
Mass in air (g)
Apparent mass in
water (g)
Density by
Archimedes’ Principle (g/cm3)
Accepted value of
density (g/cm3) / 2.7 / 8.9 / 7.8
% difference
Diameter (cm)
Length (cm)
Density = (g/cm3)

Data for Part B:

M = ______,M = ______, M = ______

Density of wooden sphere ______

Data for Part C:

Mass of rock in air ______

Apparent mass of rock in water ______

Density of rock ______

Data for Part D:

Mass of cylinder in air ______

Apparent mass of cylinder in the fluid ______

Density of fluid ______

Density from hydrometer______

LABORATORY 15 REPORT: BOYLE'S LAW

Data and Calculations Table:

Applied mass
(kg) / Applied Pressure
(N/m2) / Total Pressure
(N/m2) / Volume
(m3) / Constant c
(Nm) /
(m-3)
0.000 / 0.00 / 1.01 X 105 / 3.50 X 10-5 / 3.54 / 2.85 X 104
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500

Average value of the constant c = ______Nm

Room temperature = ______oC

T = room temperature + 273.15 K = ______K

n = ______moles

R = ______J/molK

% difference ______

LABORATORY 16 REPORT: HEAT OF FUSION OF ICE

Data & Calculations Table:

Trial / 1 / 2 / 3
Mass of inner cup and
stirrer of calorimeter(g)
Mass of inner cup,
stirrer and water(g)
Mass of water(g)
Initial temperature
of water, Ti(oC)
Final temperature
of contents, Tf(oC)
Mass of inner cup,
stirrer and contents(g)
Mass of ice cube(g)
HEAT
LOST: / by water(cal)
by calorimeter(cal)
HEAT
GAINED: / by ice cube
after melting(cal)
by melting
ice(cal)
HEAT OF
FUSION: / Lf(cal/gram)(cal/gram)

Average value, heat of fusion ______cal/gram

% difference ______

LABORATORY 17 REPORT: HEAT OF VAPORIZATION OF WATER

Data & Calculations Table:

Trial / 1 / 2 / 3
Mass of inner cup and
stirrer of calorimeter, mcs(g)
Mass of inner cup,
stirrer and water(g)
Mass of water, mw(g)
Initial temperature
of water, Ti(oC)
Final temperature
of contents, Tf(oC)
Mass of inner cup,
stirrer and contents(g)
Mass of steam, ms(g)
HEAT
GAINED: / by cool water (cal)(cal)
by cup & stirrer (cal)
HEAT
LOST: / by hot water (cal)
by condensing
steam (cal)
Latent heat
of vaporization(cal/gram)

Average value, heat of vaporization ______cal/gram

% difference ______

LABORATORY 18 REPORT: SPECIFIC HEAT OF METALS

Data and Calculations Table for Part A:

Composition of shot / Copper / Lead
Mass of empty specimen holder(g)
Mass of specimen holder and shot(g)
Mass of shot(g)
Mass of inner cup & stirrer of calorimeter(g)
Mass of inner cup, stirrer and water(g)
Mass of water(g)
Initial temperature of water in calorimeter(oC)
Initial temperature of shot(oC)
Final temperature of contents(oC)
HEAT GAINED: / by cool water(cal)
by calorimeter(cal)
HEAT LOST: / by shot(cal)
Specific heat of shot(cal/goC)
Percent difference

Data and Calculations Table for Part B

Composition of cylinder / Copper
Mass of cylinder(g)
Mass of inner cup & stirrer of calorimeter(g)
Mass of inner cup, stirrer and water(g)
Mass of water(g)
Initial temperature of water in calorimeter(oC)
Final temperature of contents(oC)
HEAT GAINED: / by cool water(cal)
by calorimeter(cal)
HEAT LOST: / by cylinder(cal)
T(oC)
Flame temperature(oC)

LABORATORY 19 REPORT: THE COEFFICIENT OF LINEAR EXPANSION

Ambient Temperature ______oC

Data and Calculations Table:

Type of Rod / Aluminum / Copper / Steel
Length of Rod at
ambient temperature(m)
Initial reading of micrometer(m)
Final reading of micrometer(m)
Tmax(oC)
T(oC)
L(m)
(oC-1)
Known (oC-1) / 0.000024 / 0.000017 / 0.000011
Percent difference