Supplementary material

Biological Invasions

Comparative phylogeography of two colonial ascidians reveals contrasting invasion histories in North America

Christophe Lejeusne1, 2, Dan Bock1, Thomas W. Therriault3, Hugh J. MacIsaac1, and Melania E. Cristescu1

1 Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada

2 Estación Biológica de Doñana - CSIC, Wetland Ecology Department, Avenida Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain

3 Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada

Corresponding author: Hugh J. MacIsaac, Phone: (519) 253-3000 ext. 3754, Fax: (519) 971-3616, Email:


Appendix 1. Pairwise FST values between populations of Botryllus schlosseri. Significant values after Bonferroni corrections (a=0.05) are in boldface. 1: Shimoda Bay; 2: Port Lincoln; 3: Deep Bay; 4: French Creek; 5: Ladysmith; 6: Brinnon; 7: Sequim; 8: Port-La-Tour; 9: Ingomar; 10: St Peter's Bay; 11: Louisbourg; 12: Arenys de Mar; 13: Alicante; 14: Sète; 15: Blanes; 16: Estaque; 17: Estartit; 18: Roses; 19: Canet; 20: Cubelles; 21: LaRochelle; 22: Cadaques; 23: Grana; 24: Fornelos.

Japan / Australia / NE Pacific / NW Atlantic / NE Atlantic and Mediterranean
1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 / 20 / 21 / 22 / 23
1
2 / -0.500
3 / 0.250 / 0.250
4 / 0.691 / 0.691 / 0.000
5 / 0.399 / 0.399 / -0.080 / 0.031
6 / 0.193 / 0.193 / 0.113 / 0.362 / 0.120
7 / -0.258 / -0.258 / 0.400 / 0.719 / 0.545 / 0.386
8 / 0.220 / 0.220 / 0.321 / 0.543 / 0.402 / 0.180 / 0.341
9 / 0.353 / 0.353 / 0.508 / 0.765 / 0.595 / 0.268 / 0.457 / -0.072
10 / 0.713 / 0.713 / 1.000 / 1.000 / 0.903 / 0.579 / 0.669 / 0.065 / 0.062
11 / 0.489 / 0.489 / 1.000 / 1.000 / 0.885 / 0.474 / 0.532 / -0.126 / -0.171 / 0.000
12 / 0.547 / 0.547 / 0.848 / 0.917 / 0.860 / 0.784 / 0.360 / 0.640 / 0.778 / 0.896 / 0.880
13 / 0.404 / 0.404 / 0.739 / 0.835 / 0.773 / 0.707 / 0.256 / 0.605 / 0.722 / 0.819 / 0.796 / -0.033
14 / 0.376 / 0.376 / 0.562 / 0.819 / 0.733 / 0.638 / 0.483 / 0.6240 / 0.593 / 0.586 / 0.422 / 0.725 / 0.740
15 / -0.025 / -0.025 / 0.402 / 0.570 / 0.477 / 0.413 / 0.011 / 0.418 / 0.519 / 0.634 / 0.581 / 0.246 / 0.184 / 0.686
16 / 0.508 / 0.508 / 0.785 / 0.859 / 0.808 / 0.757 / 0.357 / 0.662 / 0.769 / 0.852 / 0.835 / -0.007 / 0.008 / 0.770 / 0.269
17 / 0.692 / 0.692 / 0.902 / 0.951 / 0.906 / 0.838 / 0.547 / 0.692 / 0.818 / 0.928 / 0.914 / 0.360 / 0.306 / 0.717 / 0.447 / 0.177
18 / 0.052 / 0.052 / 0.309 / 0.576 / 0.470 / 0.384 / 0.113 / 0.394 / 0.383 / 0.395 / 0.249 / 0.233 / 0.259 / 0.158 / 0.277 / 0.293 / 0.258
19 / 0.194 / 0.194 / 0.336 / 0.564 / 0.473 / 0.401 / 0.277 / 0.430 / 0.399 / 0.392 / 0.268 / 0.466 / 0.495 / 0.015 / 0.452 / 0.532 / 0.469 / 0.048
20 / 0.485 / 0.485 / 0.717 / 0.854 / 0.783 / 0.699 / 0.454 / 0.590 / 0.674 / 0.767 / 0.718 / 0.552 / 0.518 / 0.659 / 0.478 / 0.546 / 0.588 / 0.309 / 0.445
21 / 0.160 / 0.160 / 0.393 / 0.595 / 0.501 / 0.419 / 0.219 / 0.337 / 0.390 / 0.545 / 0.462 / 0.426 / 0.410 / 0.606 / 0.312 / 0.439 / 0.433 / 0.293 / 0.420 / 0.447
22 / 0.836 / 0.836 / 0.865 / 0.920 / 0.895 / 0.872 / 0.843 / 0.854 / 0.865 / 0.877 / 0.861 / 0.892 / 0.892 / 0.363 / 0.873 / 0.901 / 0.891 / 0.645 / 0.441 / 0.873 / 0.843
23 / -0.008 / -0.008 / 0.145 / 0.307 / 0.242 / 0.204 / 0.088 / 0.261 / 0.252 / 0.263 / 0.135 / 0.263 / 0.275 / 0.156 / 0.190 / 0.314 / 0.303 / 0.028 / 0.085 / 0.319 / 0.255 / 0.565
24 / 0.475 / 0.475 / 0.563 / 0.734 / 0.667 / 0.613 / 0.526 / 0.624 / 0.594 / 0.585 / 0.510 / 0.665 / 0.690 / 0.096 / 0.664 / 0.714 / 0.652 / 0.346 / 0.223 / 0.629 / 0.615 / 0.349 / 0.344


Appendix 2. Pairwise FST values between populations of Botrylloides violaceus. Significant values after Bonferroni corrections (a=0.05) are in boldface.

NE Pacific / Japan / NW Atlantic
1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14
1. Deep Bay
2. Ladysmith / -0.051
3. Neah Bay / 0.027 / -0.001
4. French Creek / 0.220 / 0.278 / 0.386
5. Sequim / 0.196 / 0.252 / 0.360 / 0.000
6. Lopez Island / 0.354 / 0.285 / 0.152 / 0.776 / 0.755
7. Brinnon / 0.382 / 0.314 / 0.173 / 0.792 / 0.772 / -0.072
8. Shimoda Bay / 0.392 / 0.408 / 0.462 / 0.619 / 0.593 / 0.722 / 0.737
9. Aomori / 0.767 / 0.746 / 0.740 / 1.000 / 1.000 / 0.823 / 0.836 / 0.906
10. Cardigan River / 0.242 / 0.302 / 0.408 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.794 / 0.808 / 0.449 / 1.000
11. Methegan / 0.110 / 0.163 / 0.279 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.683 / 0.707 / 0.168 / 1.000 / 0.000
12. Ingomar / 0.142 / 0.195 / 0.308 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.708 / 0.730 / 0.236 / 1.000 / 0.000 / 0.000
13. Lunenburg / 0.088 / 0.141 / 0.260 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.668 / 0.694 / 0.125 / 1.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000
14. Savage Harbor / 0.220 / 0.278 / 0.386 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.776 / 0.792 / 0.405 / 1.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000
15. St Peter's Bay / 0.228 / 0.286 / 0.393 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.782 / 0.797 / 0.421 / 1.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000 / 0.000

1