7 3rd grade study guide

3rd Grade Study Guide

Beat – the pulse of the music

Tempo – the speed of the beat in the music--largo, (very slow) presto (very fast)

Dynamics – the loudness or softness –piano (soft) forte (loud)

Rhythm The long and short sounds and silences in music.

***Sounds are called Notes **** Silences are called Rests

****Duration – the length of a sound or silence in music

4 beats: / Whole note / Whole rest
2 beats: / Half note / Half rest
1 beat: / Quarter note / Quarter rest

***EIGHTH notes are grouped into 1 beat look like this: OR

****ONE EIGHTH NOTE GETS ½ OF A BEAT

Melody/Pitch – the highness or lowness of a sound. Sounds in music may be high or low, move up or down, or stay the same.

Texture – the number of sounds that happen at one time—its “thickness” or “thinness.”

4.  TEXTURE

Thick – many voices or instruments

Thin – few voices or instruments

IN AN ORCHESTRA CONCERT, THE AUDIENCE SHOULD:

1.  Applaud when the conductor enters the stage. 2. Listen quietly

5.  Wait for the conductor to lower his hands and turn to face you before applauding the music.

A capella- when you sing with no instruments as backup

Accompaniment- instruments that backup the main song

***Conductor- a person leading a group of musicians

*** Orchestra-a group playing all four instrument families

***Marching band- a group playing brass, woodwind, & percussion-- no strings

***Folk Band- a group playing instruments that fit their home culture:

FOLK INSTRUMENTS:

Guitar Banjo Mandolin Ukelele Dulcimer

Melody or Pitch

A Pentatone scale is a 5 pitch scale that doesn’t use Fa or Ti
La
So
-----
Mi
Re
Do

A staff has five lines and four spaces

A Do clef on a staff tells you where Do will be.

(this one tells you Do is on the 2nd line)

In this song, the pitches are:

Mi Re Do So La

***** Scales list all the notes used in the song in order:

Pentatone Pentatone

Scale up scale down

****Beats are divided up into groups called measures.

Time signature is the sign at the beginning of a song to tell you how many beats will be in each measure and what kind of note gets 1 beat.

2 beats
quarter note
gets 1 beat / 3 beats
quarter note
gets 1 beat / 4 beats
quarter note
gets 1 beat

Another way to write is (short for “Common Time”)

*****A Bar Line divides up the measures. *****A Double Bar Line tells you the song is over.

So a score would look like this:

Harmony

Round- all sing the same song, but different groups start at different times. (like the “frog round” or“row row row your boat”)

Partner Songs-songs that sound good played alone & good played together. (Remember when we split up in piñata song?)

Ostinato- a pattern that is repeated over & over to go with a song.

(when you do the “stomp stomp clap…” to “We will Rock you”)

Instrument Families

****Instruments are grouped into families by the way the sound is made***

****SMALL INSTRUMENTS MAKE HIGH SOUNDS LARGE INSTRUMENTS MAKE LOW SOUNDS

Brass

**The sound is made when the musician buzzes his lips into the mouthpiece when he blows into the instrument.***

Trumpet French Horn Trombone Tuba

Strings

(a vibrating string makes the sound)

Violin Viola Cello String Bass

You can either draw a bow
Across the strings, or pluck these
instruments.

Percussion

(sound is made by hitting, scraping or shaking the instrument)

triangle cymbals snare drum bass drum


tympani piano

Woodwind

***The sound is made when you blow into the mouthpiece and the mouthpiece vibrates***

** You blow across the mouthpiece of a flute. Clarinets & Saxophones have single reeds in the mouthpiece. Oboes & Bassoons have double reeds in the mouthpiece.**

flute Oboe Clarinet Saxophone Bassoon



24. A half note lasts for 2 beats. How long does a half rest last? ___ a. 1 beat b. 2 beats c 4 beats

ANSWERS:
1 b / 2 c / 3 b / 4 a / 5 b / 6 a / 7 a / 8 c / 9 b / 10 b / 11 c / 12 a / 13 c
14 b / 15 b / 16 a / 17 b / 18 c / 19 b / 20 b / 21 a / 22 c / 23 a / 24 b / 25 c