Supplementary material

Table 1. Compositions of cranberry juice (Sunraysia) used for chronic treatment of ovariectomized rats.

Per serving (250 ml) / Per 100 ml
Energy / 73 kJ / 29 kJ
Protein / < 0.25 g / < 0.1g
Total fat / < 0.25 g / < 0.1 g
Saturated fat / < 0.25 g / < 0.1 g
Carbohydrates / 4.25 g / 1.7 g
Sugar / 2.75 g / 1.1 g
Sodium / 12.5 mg / 5 mg
Vitamin C / 45 mg / 18 mg


Supplementary figure 1

Quantitative analysis of the amount of each active ingredient in the cranberry juice extract by HPLC.


Peak / Active ingredient / Area (%) / Amount (mg/g)
1 / Gallic acid / 21.12 / 50.68
2 / Gentisic acid / 3.21 / 7.7
3 / Catechin / 1.62 / 3.88
4 / Chlorogenic acid / 4.18 / 10.03
5 / Caffeic acid / 4.64 / 11.14
6 / Epicatechin / 22.94 / 55.06
7 / Coumaric acid / 7.04 / 16.89
8 / Sinapic acid / 1.68 / 4.03
9 / Benzoic acid / 0.72 / 1.72
10 / p-Anisic acid / 13.08 / 31.4
11 / Myricetin / 5.74 / 13.77
12 / 2,3,4-trimethoxycinnamic acid / 10.3 / 24.73
13 / Quercetin / 3.74 / 8.98
Total / 100

Supplementary table 2. Quantitative analysis of CJ organic extract.

Active ingredient / Major actions / Dosage / Mechanisms / Models
Gallic acid / Antioxidant / 800 μg/ml / Elevated mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes (such as glutathione peroxidase) / Cancer cell line (1)
Antioxidant / 50 and 100 mg/kg/day / Elevated glutathione level in liver / Rats fed with high fat diet (2)
Lipid-lowering / Inhibited body weight gains and restored the serum level of total cholesterol
Catechin / Antioxidant / 0.2 μmol/L for biochemical assay; 0.5% for chronic animal treatment / Prevented LDL oxidation / Biochemical assay; rats receiving chronic treatment (3)
Lipid-lowering / Green tea (10 g tea leaves boiled in 500 ml water for 30 min) / Reduced serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride / Rats fed with high fat diet (4)
Epicatechin / Antioxidant / 0.2 μmol/L for biochemical assay; 0.5% for chronic animal treatment / Prevented LDL oxidation / Biochemical assay (3)
Antioxidant / 70% catechin extract / Prevented the plaque formation in aorta / Mice fed with high fat diet (5)
Lipid-lowering / Green tea (10 g tea leaves boiled in 500 ml water for 30 min) / Reduced serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride / Rats fed with high fat diet (4)
Quercetin / Lipid-lowering / 10 mg/kg/day / Reduced serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride / Streptozocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats (6)

Supplemental table 3. Antioxidant and lipid-lowering properties of active ingredients in cranberry juice organic extract.

References

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3. Osada K, Takahashi M, Hoshina S, Nakamura M, Nakamura S, Sugano M. Tea catechins inhibit cholesterol oxidation accompanying oxidation of low density lipoprotein in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;128:153-64.

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5. Miura Y, Chiba T, Tomita I, Koizumi H, Miura S, Umegaki K, Hara Y, Ikeda M, Tomita T. Tea catechins prevent the development of atherosclerosis in apoprotein E-deficient mice. J Nutr. 2001 Jan;131:27-32.

6. Vessal M, Hemmati M, Vasei M. Antidiabetic effects of quercetin in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2003 Jul;135C:357-64.