SEKOLAH MENENGAH RAJA PEREMPUAN, IPOH
SCHEME OF WORK
SCIENCE FORM 2 (2010)
SEMESTER 1 (4.1.10 – 4.6.10)
THEME : MANAGEMENT AND CONTINUITY OF LIFE
LEARNING AREA : 1. THE WORLD THROUGH OUR SENSES
Week / Learning Objectives / Suggested Learning Activities / Learning Outcomes / Vocabulary1
4.1.10
-
8.1.10 / 1.1 Understanding the sensory organs and their functions. / Carry out activities to make connection between the five senses, the sensory organs and stimuli.
Discuss what happens in our body after a stimulus is detected. / A student is able to :
o identify and relate a sensory organ to its stimulus
o state the pathway from stimulus to response
Stimulus > Sensory organs > Nerves > Brain > Nerves > Response / Brain-otak
Nerve-saraf
Response-gerakbalas
Stimuli-rangsangan
Sensory organ-organ deria
1.2 Understanding the sense of touch / Carry out activities to study the following :
a)structure of the human skin involved in stimuli detection
b)sensitivity of the skin at different parts of the body towards stimuli
Discuss the sensitivity of the skin in connection to the following situations:
a)receiving an injection
b)using Braille / A student is able to :
o identify the structure of the human skin involved in stimuli detection
o state the functions of different receptors - pressure, heat, pain, cold, touch
o draw conclusion on the sensitivity of the skin at different parts of the body towards stimuli / Cold-kesejukan
Heat-kepanasan
Pain-kesakitan
Pressure-tekanan
Receptor-hujung saraf
Sensitivity-kepekaan
Skin-kulit
Touch-sentuhan
1.3 Understanding the sense of smell / Discuss the structure of the nose and the position of the sensory cells using models, charts, computer software and other teaching aids / A student is able to :
o identify the structure of the nose
o identify the position of the sensory cells in the detection of smell / Nose-hidung
Sensory cells-sel deria
2
11.1.10
-
15.1.10 / 1.4 Understanding the sense of taste / Carry out activities to detect the different areas of the tongue that respond to different tastes
Carry out activities to find how taste is related to smell / A student is able to :
o identify different area of the tongue that response to different taste
o relate the sense of taste with the sense of smell / Bitter-pahit
Salty-masin
Sour-masam
Sweet-manis
Taste-rasa
Tongue-lidah
1.5 Understanding the sense of hearing / Observe and identify the structure of the human ear
Discuss the function of each part of the ear
Discuss the hearing mechanism / A student is able to :
o identify the structure of the human ear
o explain the function of the different parts of the ear
o describe how we hear / Cochlea-koklea
Ear-telinga
Ear drum-gegendang
telinga
3
18.1.10
-
22.1.10 / 1.6 Understanding the sense of sight / Examine the cow’s eye or model of a human eye
Collect information on structure and function of each part of the eye
Discuss how we see / A student is able to :
o identify the structure of the human eye
o explain the function of different parts of the eye
o describe how we see
1.7 Understanding light and sight / Carry out activities to study :
a)reflection of light
b)refraction of light between two mediums of different density
Collect information about the types of vision and the contribution/use of technology to rectify them
Carry out activities to show what short/long sightedness are and how to correct them
Discuss what astigmatism is and its correction / A student is able to :
o describe the properties of light i.e. reflection and refraction
o state the various defects of vision
o explain ways to correct vision defects
o state and give examples of the limitation of sight
o connect stereoscopic and monocular visions with the / Density-ketumpatan
Medium-perantaraan
Reflection-pantulan
Refraction-pembiasan
Astigmatism-astigmatisme
Blind spot-bintik buta
Long sightedness-rabun dekat
Monocular vision-penglihatan monokular
Optical illusion-ilusi
optik
4
23.1.10
-
29.1.10 / 1.8 Understanding sound and hearing / Carry out activities to investigate
a)the production of sound
b)the requirement of medium for sound to travel
c)the reflection and absorption of sound
Collect information about
a)the defects of hearing
Discuss the limitations of hearing and ways to improving it
Carry out activities to investigate the need for stereophonic hearing in determining the direction of sound / A student is able to :
o describe the properties of sound
o explain the reflection and absorption of sound
o explain the defects of hearing
o explain ways of rectifying the defects in hearing
o state the limitation of hearing
o state the device used to overcome the limitations of hearing
o explain stereophonic hearing
5
1.2.10
-
5.2.10 / 1.9 Understanding the stimuli and responses in plants / Carry out experiments to investigate and identify :
a)stimuli detected by plants
b)the parts of plants sensitive to specific stimulus.
Discuss in what ways the response of plants towards stimuli are important for their survival / A student is able to :
o state the stimuli that cause responses in plant
o identify the parts of plants sensitive to specific stimulus
o relate the response in plants to their survival
LEARNING AREA : 2. NUTRITION
Week / Learning Objectives / Suggested Learning Activities / Learning Outcomes / Vocabulary6
8.2.10
-
12.2.10 / 2.1 Analyzing the classes of food / Discuss the classes of food i.e. carbohydrate, protein, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water and state their functions
Carry out activities to test for starch (iodine solution),glucose (Benedict solution),protein (Millon’s reagent) and fats(alcohol-emulsion test) / A student is able to :
o explain through examples the classes of food
o state the function of each class food
o test for starch, glucose, protein and fats / Fats-lemak
Fibre-pelawas
Potassium-kalium
Starch-kanji
Sodium-natrium
2.2 Evaluating the importance of a balanced diet / Discuss :
a)what a balanced diet is
b)the factors that determine a person’s balanced diet: age, size, sex, job, climate, stage of health
Collect food wrappers that show calorific value of food and make a list to show the calorific value for each type of food
Discuss to estimate the calories of food taken in a meal
Plan a balanced diet for a day (breakfast, lunch, dinner) / A student is able to :
o state what a balanced diet is
o state the factors that must be considered when planning a balanced diet
o explain how the factors affect a balanced diet
o state the quantity of energy in each gram of carbohydrate, protein and fats
o estimate the calories of food taken in a meal
o plan a balanced diet
7
15.2.10
-
19.2.10
/ 2.3 Understanding the digestive system in man / Discuss that digestion is the breakdown of large food molecules into smaller soluble molecules that can be readily absorbed by the body
Identify parts of the digestive system and flow of food particles in the alimentary canal using model/chart/ CD-ROM
Discuss the function of the various organs in the digestive system and the enzymes found
Carry out activities to show the action of the enzyme in the saliva on starch / A student is able to :
o explain what digestion is
o identify the parts of digestive system
o describe the flow of food particles in the alimentary canal
o state the function of the organs in the digestive system
o describe the process of digestion in the alimentary canal
o list the end products of digestion of carbohydrate, protein and fats / Alimentary canal-alur penghadaman
Anus-dubur
Appendix-umbai usus
Bile-jus hempedu
Digestion-penghadaman
Enzyme-enzim
Gall blader-pundi hempedu
Gut-salur penghadaman
Insoluble-tidak larut
Large intestine-usus besar
Liver-hati
Saliva-air liur
Small intestine-usus kecil
Stomach-perut
8
22.2.10
-
26.2.10 / 2.4 Understanding the process of absorption of digested food / Discuss the process of absorption of the product of digestion in small intestine
Carry out an experiment to show the absorption of glucose through a Visking tube / A student is able to :
o explain the process of absorption of the products of digestion
o make inference about the absorption of glucose through Visking tube / Absorption-penyerapan
Analogise-membuat analogi
Blood stream-aliran darah
Diffusion-resapan
9
1.3.10
-
5.3.10 / 2.5 Understanding the reabsorption of water and defecation / Discuss the reabsorption of water by the large intestine and the process of defecation
Discuss the importance of good eating habits to avoid constipation / A student is able to :
o state how water is reabsorbed in the large intestine
o explain defecation
o relate the problem of defecation with eating habits / Constipation-sembelit
Defecation-penyahtinjaan
Large intestine-usus besar
Reabsorption-penyerapan semula
2.6 Put into practice the habits of healthy eating / Plan and carry out a healthy eating habit
Discuss the following topics :
a)practising good eating habits i.e. eating nutritious food and eating in moderation
b)the generous distribution of food to the underprivileged or the needy
c)cultural practice in dining conforming to sensitivities and religious beliefs / A student is able to :
o justify the importance of eating nutritious food
o put in practice good eating habits
o justify the generous distribution of food to the underprivileged/needy
o relate the dining culture of different people conforming to sensitivities and religious beliefs / Needy-sangat miskin
Nutritious food-makanan berkhasiat
Underprivileged-kurang bernasib baik
Religious beliefs-kepercayaan agama
10
8.3.10
-
12.3.10 / USBF 1
THEME : MAN AND THE VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS
LEARNING AREA : 3. BIODIVERSITY
Week / Learning Objectives / Suggested Learning Activities / Learning Outcomes / Vocabulary11
22.3.10
-
26.3.10 / 3.1 Understanding the variety of living organisms and their classification / Discuss the diversity in the general characteristic of living organism
Collect and classify various plants and animals into a system based on common characteristics
-Animal :Invertebrate, vertebrate, mammal, fish, bird, amphibian, reptile
-Plant :Flowering plant, non-flowering plant, monocotyledon, dicotyledon
Build a concept map on living organisms based on the classification above
Discuss the importance of maintaining the biological diversity as one of the country’s natural heritage / A student is able to :
o explain the diversity of living organisms in a habitat
o classify various animals based on common characteristic
o explain the importance of biodiversity to the environment / Amphibian-amfibia
Bird-burung
Dicotyledon-dikotiledon
Diversity-kepelbagaian
Fish-ikan
Flowering plant-tumbuhan berbunga
Invertebrate-invertebrata
Living organism-organisma hidup
Mammal-mamalia
Monocotyledon-monokotiledon
Non-flowering plant-tumbuhan tidak berbunga
Reptile-reptilia
Vertebrate-vertebrata
LEARNING AREA : 4. INTERDEPENDENCE AMONG LIVING ORGANISMS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Week / Learning Objectives / Suggested Learning Activities / Learning Outcomes / Vocabulary12
29.3.10
-
2.4.10 / 4.1 Analyzing the interdependence among living organism / Carry out a field work to study species, habitat, population, community in ecosystem
Carry out a discussion on interdependence among living organisms and the environment to create a balanced ecosystem / A student is able to :
o state what species, population and community are
o state what habitat and ecosystem are
o identify various habitats in one ecosystem
o explain through examples the interdependence among living organisms and the environment to create a balanced ecosystem / Community-komuniti
Ecosystem-ekosistem
Environment-persekitaran
Habitat-habitat
Interdependence-saling bersandaran
Predict-meramal
Population-populasi
Species-spesies
4.2 Evaluating the interaction between organisms / Collect and interpret data on the types of interactions between living organisms as follows :
a)prey-predator
b)symbiosis: commensalism, mutualism and parasitism e.g. remora and shark, algae and fungi, tapeworm and man
c)competition
Conduct an activity to show the importance of the interaction between organisms and the environment
Discuss the advantages of biological control in regulating the numbers of pests in certain areas / A student is able to :
o list the types of interaction between living organisms
o explain with examples the interactions between living organisms
o justify the importance of interaction between living organisms and the environment
o explain through examples the advantages and disadvantages of biological control in regulating the number of pest in certain areas / Advantage-kebaikan
Biological control-kawalan biologi
Competition-persaingan
Disadvantage-keburukan
Interaction-interaksi
Parasitism-parasitisme
Pest-perosak
Prey-predator-mangsa pemangsa
Regulate-mengawal
Symbiosis-simbiosis
13
5.4.10
-
9.4.10 / 4.3 Synthesizing food web / Collect and interpret data on the producer, consumer, decomposer and pyramid of numbers
Construct a food web from a few food chains and identify the producer, consumer and decomposer
Discuss the energy flow in the food web constructed
Conduct a game to show the effects of an increase or decrease in the number of organisms in a pyramid number
Discuss the consequences if a component of living organisms in an ecosystem is missing / A student is able to :
o explain what producers, consumers and decomposers are
o combine a few food chains to construct a food web
o identify the produce, consumer and decomposer in a food web
o construct a pyramid number from a food chain
o relate the food web and the pyramid number to energy flow
o predict the consequences if a certain component of living organisms in the ecosystem is missing / Balance in nature-keseimbangan alam
Consumer-pengguna
Decomposer-pengurai
Food web-siratan makanan
Primary consumer-pengguna primer
Producer-pengeluar
Pyramid number-piramid nombor
Secondary consumer-pengguna sekunder
Tertiary consumer-pengguna tertier
14
12.4.10
-
16.4.10 / 4.4 Analyzing photosynthesis / Carry out discussion on what photosynthesis is
Carry out experiments to determine the factors needed for photosynthesis i.e. carbon dioxide, water, light and chlorophyll
Discuss the importance of photosynthesis in maintaining a balanced ecosystem
Discuss the carbon and oxygen cycles / A student is able to :
o state what photosynthesis is
o state the factors required for photosynthesis
o state the products of photosynthesis
o control the variables that are required for photosynthesis
o explain the role of photosynthesis in maintaining balanced ecosystem / Balanced ecosystem-ekosistem seimbang
Oxygen cycle-kitar oksigen
Carbon cycle-kitar karbon
Photosynthesis-fotosintesis
15
19.4.10
-
23.4.10 / 4.5 Evaluating the importance of conservation and preservation of living organisms / Collect and interpret data on the conservation and preservation of living organisms
Carry out a field work in a natural forest reserve(wetlands, highland forest or tropical rainforest) or an animal sanctuary to study the conservation and preservation of living organisms
Carry out a discussion on how the improvement in science and technology helps in the conservation and preservation of living organisms
Run a campaign to stress on the importance of conservation and preservation
Carry out a role play involving the parties concerned in solving problems related to the conservation and preservation of living organisms / A student is able to :
o explain what conservation and preservation are
o explain the steps taken to preserve and conserve living organisms
o justify the importance of conservation and preservation of living organisms
o support activities organized by various parties to preserve and conserve the living organisms / Conservation-pemuliharaan
Reserve forest-hutan simpan
Highland forest-hutan tanah tinggi
Indigenous people-orang asli
Preservation-pemeliharaan
Sanctuary-santuari
Tropical rainforest-hutan hujan tropika
Wetland-tanah bencah/ lembap
4.6 Evaluating the role of man in maintaining the balance in nature / Carry out a brainstorming session to discuss the environmental issues affecting the balance in nature and how to solve them
Carry out a discussion to justify that man needs a stable and productive ecosystem to ascertain a harmonious life / A student is able to :
o explain the effects of human activities on the balance in nature
o describe how man solves problems related to the environment
o justify that human need a stable, productive and balanced ecosystem / Acid rain-hujan asid
Brainstorming-sumbangsaran
Climate change-perubahan iklim
Deforestation-penebangan hutan
Excessive-berlebihan
Land overuse-penggunaan tanah yang tidak terkawal
Green house effect-kesan rumah hijau
Over fishing-penangkapan ikan yang tidak terkawal
Pollution-pencemaran
Solid waste management-pengurusan sisa pepejal
Pesticides-pestisid
Species extinction-kepupusan spesies
Toxin-toksin
THEME : MATTER IN NATURE