1
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE FOR JUICE AND JUICE PRODUCTS MEETING
September 15, 2005
Orlando, FL
MINUTES
- CALL TO ORDER & INTRODUCTIONS
Susan Martin, Chair, called the meeting to order and welcomed attendees. Attendees introduced themselves and gave their company affiliations. A list of participants is attached.
II. MINUTES OF PREVIOUS MEETING
The Minutes of the March 3, 2005 Technical Committee for Juice and Juice Products (TCJJP) meeting were distributed to members. Minutes were approved as written.
III. MEMBERSHIP & TREASURER’S REPORT
It was reported by Lars Reimann that we currently have 25 paid organization members and 9 paid individual members of TCJJP for a total of 34, down from 2004 membership of 40. A list of paid members was circulated.
As of9/15/05, the balance in the TCJJP bank account was $7,022.72.
A discussion about paid administrative support for TCJJP resulted in a motion and second, that we conclude our contract with Tammy Andis for administrative support and revert back to an all volunteer operation. Current membership funds will not allow the luxury of a paid admin support person.
The establishment of some additional standing committees (New members, Methods, Organization/Program) was proposed. No action taken at this time.
- UPDATES – N. America, Europe, Codex, Associations
David Hammond sent in a report from the AOAC and IFU (see attached). No other news to report.
- DISCUSSION: Resin-treatment of for stabilization of Apple Juice color
A lively discussion led by Wilhelmsen and Levigne touched on apple processing techniques, results seen from various techniques, abuse/lack of process control and resulting analytical data, definition of juice, Codex allowed process techniques and more. A motion was made that TCJJP hold a series of workshops to bring the issue of effects of different processing techniques/aids on apple juice profiles to help set guidelines to answer the question: How much can you “process” apple juice and still call it apple? Following group discussion the motion was voted on and did not pass.
As a Community of Interest in AOAC, a symposium slot if available for the next annual meeting. A motion was made, seconded and passed to explore this platform for discussion.
- COLLABORATIVE AND OTHER RESEARCH
David Cunningham gave us an update on the AOAC Cranberry project. An Expert Review Panel is reviewing the proposed methods for Anthocyanins and Organic Acids. NIST is considering a Cranberry/Blueberry standard.
- TCJJP/AOAC COMMUNITY OF INTEREST
Anita Mishra reported that TCJJP has been accepted as q community of interest. A story will be written for the ILM which will allow us to “sell” TCJJP to others. We will also link our website to ours and vice versa. The community also allows us space for discussion forums on the AOAC website.
VIII. NEW BUSINESS
A. New Methods/Instrumentation
Constant flow analyzer for Scott Oil determinations is being explored by Tropicana (Paul Milne). The instrument gives recoverable oil results in 2 minutes vs. the current distillation/titration method of 15 minutes.
UPLC technology is analogous to change from packed GC columns to capillary columns. Many spoke highly of new technology. Still need more detectors to make feasible for all applications.
Agilent deconvolution software/RTL library very useful for multi-residue work per D. Cunningham.
S. Kupina reported ACS information on authenticity of wine varieties work using FTIR/Chemometrics, and HS/MS/MS for red & white varietals and blends determinations.
C. Commodity Issues
W. Haddad looking to develop database for pomegranate. Members were polled for information. GfL, KFL, Eurofins and S&S to submit data to S. Sirivicha @ Strasburger & Siegel for compilation and publishing on TCJJP website.
S. Martin presented an overview of acai for the members.
China has established criteria for determining the percent juice content of beverages based on potassium, total phosphorus, proline, isocitric and flavanoid levels.
There was in import alert on Argentine grape juice due to elevated lead levels.
D. Ballot – Voting for new officers/board members
Nominated were:
Chair-Elect:Paul Cancalon (Florida Dept of Citrus)
Board members:I-Pin Ho (Food Products Association)
Greg Joseph (Nestle)
Michael Kennedy (Cargill)
Results: All individuals listed above were elected.
- NEXT MEETING
The next TCJJP meeting will be held on March 16, 2006 in conjunction with PittCon meeting in Orlando, FL.
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE FOR JUICE AND JUICE PRODUCTS
MEETING
September 15, 2005
Orlando, FL
ATTENDEES
Nora BardaCIATI AC
Natalie BoivinCanadian Food Inspection Agency
Paul CancalonFDOC
Teresa CorkumThe Coca-Cola Company
David CunninghamOcean Spray Cranberries
Gary DavidAdvanced Analytical
Tom EiseleTree Top Inc.
Kevin GaffneyFlorida’s Natural Growers
Gayle GleichaufThermo Electron Corp.
Stacie HammackFL Dept of Agriculture
I-Pin HoFood Products Association
Hans HofsommerGfL
Mikko HofsommerGfL
Greg JosephNestlé USA, Inc.
Prabhakar KasturiGTA
Mike KennedyCargill
Dana KruegerKrueger Food Laboratories, Inc.
Steve KupinaConstellation Wines, US
Sue LeVigneGerber Products Co.
Susan Martin (Chair)The Coca-Cola Company
Michael McCroanThe Coca-Cola Company
Allen MitchellFlorida’s Natural Growers
Howard NivensCargill Juice
Lars ReimannEurofins Scientific
Sam SerivichaStrasberger & Seigel
Kathy SharplessNIST
Eric WilhelmsenAlliance of Technical Professionals
From David Hammond:
Here is an update for the TCJJP meeting for the AOAC & IFU
GR report AOAC
Determination of total monomeric anthocyanin pigment content, by the pH differential method for fruit juices, beverages, natural colorants and wines (Ron and Jungmin Lee)
This has been accepted and shortly will be published in the Journal. The repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) varied from 1.06 to4.16%. The reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSDR) rangedfrom 2.69 to 10.12%. Horrat values for all the materials were well within the acceptable range (0.30 - 1.33). This provides us with areproducible method for the quantification of monomeric anthocyanins.
Hydrolysed inulin syrup and high fructose corn syrup detection in apple juice by GC (Michael McLaughlin)
This is a capillary-GC method for the detection of hydrolysed inulin andhigh fructose syrups when added to apple juices. A collaborative studywas undertaken using this method and it gave acceptable results in termsof false positive/negative results. However, the method failed to gainapproval as all of the test samples had been prepared from a singleapple juice.
Mike is presently preparing a revised protocol for a new study. Thisshould have been completed earlier in the year but due to other factors it has not been completed. He had hoped to get it to me for the TCJJPmeeting but then you had a major problem in the Gulf States which haddelayed Mike a bit.
Determination of Hypoglycin-A in canned Ackee fruit by liquid chromatography (George Ware)
Hypoglycin-A (HG-A) is a toxic compound that is found in unripe Ackeefruit but is not present at significant concentrations in the ripematerial. There is a regulatory need to have a collaborativey testedprocedure for the analysis of hypoglycin-A in canned fruit. An HPLCmethod for the analysis of hypoglycin-A in canned Ackee fruit has beendeveloped based on a pre-column derivatisation followed by reverse phaseHPLC linked with UV detection.
The SD would like to hold open the possibility of conducting apeer-validated study for this analyte in the future. I would supportthe continuation of this study with an assessment of its status nextyear.
Detection of 13C/12C Ratio of Ethanol Derived from Fruit Juices and Maple Syrup by IRMS (Eric Jarmin)
The method for the determination of the carbon 13-isotope ratio in theethanol produced from sugars of fruit juices and maples syrups has been approved as first action by the OMB. This allows the material to beanalysed on the ethanol after fermentation rather than on the isolatedsugars or the "whole juice".
Detection of components associated with pulpwash in orange juice (Paul Cancalon)
The data for the HPLC method were also poor, but no clear reason couldbe identified why the data were so poor. We have decided not to takethis any further.
Capillary Electrophoresis of Organic acids in Juices (Michael McCroan)
Some years ago Steve Kupina organised a peer validation of a method forthe analysis of organic acids using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). However, the data returned from this were unacceptable and thehe did not want to continue with this study. Mike McCroan at Coca-Cola would like to pick this up and he is to work up a protocol to do afurther PVM.
IFU "Raising the Global Juice Industry: new ways forward together"
The IFU held its last meeting in China in Hot and Humid August. The congress was good with a wide variety of topics discussed from Codex,quality, health benefits and materials to add to juices to promote health, and developments going on in China with apple, orange and berry production. Two technical tours were organised too. The first was to Huiyuan Beverage & Food Group Co Ltd who is a very large juice packer on
the outskirts of Beijing. The second technical tour went to Shandong tovisit Haisheng and Zhonglu Juice processing factories around Quingdao.
The later two I visited and the factories were very clean and appearedto be very well run and organised.
Analytical Commission
We had our last meeting during the IFU congress, which some of youattended. The topics discussed were the work carried out to update theIFU methods manual, which we hope will be available to buy over the webearly/mid next year, which will get over the problems we have had so farwith the need for money transfers etc.
1) A recommendation on methods of analysis for high intensity sweetenersin nectars and juice containing beverages was approved
2) A recommendation for the measurement of colour by tri-stimulus colourmeasurement (needs expanding to cover the US case of using this approachfor the assessment of the colour of orange juices)
3) Modification to method # 25 for the sensory assessment of juices(this will be modified into a recommendation for sensory analysis)
4) Modification to method # 24 for the detection of synthetic colours byTLC
Ring tests
1) Small scale validation of a method to measure the colour of hazyred/black juices was discussed. These modifications will be assessed ina full validation test this winter.
2) A collaborative study ring for a reverse phase HPLC method for theanalysis of limonin was carried out last year. Four samples weresupplied by Paul Cancalon at DOC and these were sent out to 12 labs. In the end only 11 returned results. The data for two of these sampleswere acceptable, with good Horrat values, but the values for the othertwo samples gave values over 2. This will have to be revisited a further time! We have also recently found with some oranges samplesthat using this method there can be a peak that elutes just afterlimonin and is not properly resolved. (see attached)
New Work
1) Reliable method for the detection of low levels of sorbitol
The possibility of measuring low levels of sorbitol using a Dionexmethod was discussed and this will be tested over the Winter withred/black juices.
2) The possibility of measuring shikimic acid in juices by HPLC wasdiscussed as it was felt that in some juices this was an importantvariable.
General information
The new Acclaim column from Dionex has been examined for the analysis oforganic acids by HPLC and UV detection by DAH. This is one of the newgeneration HPLC column that can be reliably and reproducibility in 100%aqueous systems. From limited work it produces similar results to thatseen by enzyme for citric, malic and fumaric acids in about 10 minutes. However, there is problems with the resolution of quinic and oxalicacids which elute very early in the run. This may provide anotheruseful method to analyses these types of materials. So try it and see!
Next IFU meeting in probably in October 2006 near Paris.