Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Lipids

Name: Date:

Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Lipids

Background:

Like carbohydrates, lipid monomers join together forming polymers using dehydration synthesis and split apart into monomers using hydrolysis. In dehydration synthesis, however, lipid monomers on the reactant side include 3 fatty acids and a glycerol. Products include a triglyceride and 3 water molecules. Reactants in hydrolysis reactions include a triglyceride and 3 water molecules. Products include 3 fatty acid monomers and one glycerol monomer. Water is not a product in the hydrolysis reaction.

Materials:

Dehydration Synthesis Sheets

Hydrolysis Sheet

Scissors

Tape

Part 1: Dehydration Synthesis

Directions:

1.  Cut out 3 fatty acids, the arrow, and glyceride.

Is each fatty acid a monomer or a polymer?______

Is a glyceride molecule a monomer or a polymer?______

2.  Place the 3 fatty acid monomers and glyceride monomer to the left of the arrow.

Are the molecules on the left side of the equation reactants or products?______

3.  Cut off the OH group in each fatty acid monomer along the dotted square. Cut off each H group on the glycerol molecule along the dotted line. You should now have 3 H and 3 OH groups.

4.  Create 3 water molecules using the 3 H and 3 OH groups. Place each water molecule into its own separate water droplet (should have 3 water droplets total).

What is the loss of water molecules from monomers called?______

5.  Place 3 water droplets on the right side of the arrow.

Are the molecules on the right side of an equation reactants or products?______

6.  Join together the glyceride and 3 fatty acids. Tape each fatty acid to the single bonded oxygen group on the glyceride.

Is the newly formed molecule a monomer or a polymer?______

What is the name of the newly formed molecule?______

7.  Place the resulting molecule on the right side of the arrow.

8.  Tack your triglyceride on the cork board.

Part 2: Hydrolysis

1.  Cut out 1 triglyceride, 3 water molecules, and an arrow.

Is a triglyceride a monomer or a polymer?______

2.  Place the triglyceride and 3 water molecules on the left side of the arrow.

What is the role of the 3 water molecules in a hydrolysis reaction?______

3.  Cut along each dotted box for the triglyceride. You should have 3 fatty acids and a glyceride when you are done.

4.  Cut along the dotted boxes of each water molecule. You should now have 3 Hs and 3 OHs.

5.  Attach the OH groups to each fatty acid end.

Are the resulting 3 molecules monomers or polymers?______

6.  Attach an H to each O on the glycerol molecule.

Is the resulting molecule a monomer or a polymer?______

7.  Place the resulting glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acid molecules on the right side of the arrow.

8.  Tack the glycerol and 3 fatty acid molecules on the cork board.