1. Name the Four Bones That Make up the Shoulder Joint. ______Clavicle, Sternum, Scapula

Name ______

Shoulder Review

1.  Name the four bones that make up the shoulder joint. ______clavicle, sternum, scapula, humerus______

2.  The joint formed by the sternum and the clavicle is called the ______sternoclavicular______

3.  A dislocated shoulder is an injury to what joint of the shoulder ______glenohumeral______

4.  A separated shoulder is a sprain to the _acromioclavicular______joint of the shoulder.

5.  The most vulnerable position for the shoulder is __abducted______- and ____externally rotated______.

6.  In most dislocated shoulders, the head of the humerus lies in an __anterior__ and __inferior______position.

7.  There are no muscles on the ____inferior______aspect of the shoulder.

8.  The __clavicle____ is the most commonly broken bone in the body.

9.  The __acromioclavicular______joint is formed by the acromion process of the scapula and the clavicle.

10.  *The function of the rotator cuff is to______hold the head of the humerus into the glenoid fossa______

11.  Unlike the hip, the shoulder sacrifices __stability_ in order to gain __mobility______.

12.  The __labrum____ is a ring of cartilage similar to the meniscus in the knee and acts to deepen the articular surface of the shoulder.

13.  The gliding motion of the __scapula__ (bone) allows for greater that two-thirds the motion of the shoulder.

14.  The ____sulcus sign______tests for multi-directional instability of the shoulder.

15.  The __apprehension test____ tests for a subluxing shoulder

16.  Evaluates the integrity of the supraspinatus ___empty can test or supraspinatus test___

17.  shrugs the shoulders _ trapezius

18.  flexes the arm biceps brachii

19.  extends the arm triceps brachii

20.  first 10º of abduction supraspinatus

21.  All fibers abduct the arm, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm deltoid

22.  internal rotation subscapularis

23.  external rotation (2) infraspinatus and teres minor

Things to remember

Joints:

Acromion process of the scapula + the clavicle = the acromioclavicular joint (tip of the shoulder)

Glenoid fossa of the scapula + humerus = glenohumeral joint (ball and socket joint)

Sternum + the clavicle = sternoclavicular joint ( only bony attachment of the upper extremity to the trunk)

Injuries

Clavicle is the most commonly broken bone in the body

Dislocated shoulder is a dislocation of the glenohumeral joint

Separated shoulder is a sprain of the acromioclavicular joint/ligament

Injuries during acceleration phase of throw are usually to the anterior shoulder

Injuries during deceleration phase of throw are usually to the posterior shoulder

In a dislocated shoulder the head of the humerus usually lies in an anterior/inferior position

Tests

Apprehension test= dislocated/subluxing shoulder

Drop arm test = rotator cuff

Empty can test/ supraspinatus test = supraspinatus

Piano key sign = separated sholder

Sulcus sign = multidirectional instability

Misc

Shoulder sacrifices stability to gain mobility

There are no muscles on the inferior aspect of the shoulder

If someone complains of numbness or tingling you should rule out a neck injury

The labrum is a ring of cartilage similar to the meniscus of the knee

After taking a history, you may have to palpate for a deformity instead of look for one if the athlete is wearing shoulder pads