Name ______
EOCT Review
Question Set #1
1) When trying to determine the mass of a heavy object, use
a. A spring scale.
b. A tripod.
c. An analytical balance.
d. A triple-beam balance.
2) What is the difference between mass and weight?
a. There is no difference
b. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, and weight measures gravitational force that attracts an object to the earth.
c. Weight is the amount of matter in an object, and mass measures gravitational force that attracts an object to the earth.
d. The only difference is the type of tool used to make each measurement.
3) Kilograms are the unit of measurement for
a. Mass.
b. Weight.
c. Volume.
d. Size.
4) In the Kelvin temperature scale, water freezes at
a. O K
b. 180 K
c. 273.15 K
d. –273.15 K
5) A scientist needs 4.2 grams of sodium chloride. How many kilograms of sodium chloride does she need?
a. 42
b. 0.0042
c. 420
d. 0.042
6) On a summer day, the outside temperature equals 86°F. What would be the equivalent temperature in degrees Celsius?
a. 97
b. 30
c. 38
d. 14
7) Graduated cylinders are marked in units of
a. Grams
b. Meters
c. Millimeter
d. Milliliters
8) Various safety rules apply in the laboratory. In order to protect your clothing, you should
a. Wear an apron
b. Wear clothing treated with Teflon
c. Wear clothing treated with Scotchguard
d. Wear as many layers as possible
9) In Biology class, the students are asked to do an experiment that shows the effects of temperature on bacterial growth rates. Suggest two pieces of laboratory equipment for this experiment.
a. Petri dish and thermometer
b. Bunsen burner and tongs
c. Microscope and watch glass
d. Test tube and eye dropper
10) Reaching across a flame is
a. Never acceptable
b. Always acceptable
c. Sometimes acceptable
d. Seldom acceptable
11) Hot glass looks the same as
a. Hot coals
b. Frosty glass
c. A piece of hot metal
d. Cold glass
12) This piece of equipment is used to handle liquids, but is also marked for accurate measurements.
a. Funnel
b. Flask
c. Beaker
d. Pipette
13) You should report a chemical spill to your teacher:
a. Immediately
b. After you’ve cleaned up the spill
c. Only if you think the spill is dangerous
d. After you’ve finished the experiment so your results are not ruined
14) Chemical fumes are properly removed from the laboratory by
a. Opening all the doors and windows
b. Using box fans to blow it out of the lab
c. A chemical fume hood
d. Positioning the experiment next to an air vent.
Question Set #2
Read the following experiment and identify the steps in the Scientific Method.
Last year, Wendy planted seeds in a garden. She noticed that not all of the seeds became plants. This year, she asked herself, “On average, how many of the seeds in a package will grow?” She thought maybe 25% of the seeds in a package would not grow.
She bought three packages containing 25 seeds each. She planted each package of seeds in separate boxes, so she could keep careful count of the number of seeds that would grow. She drew a diagram of the boxes, indicating where each seed was planted. As the seeds sprouted, she put a green X on her diagram where the seed was planted. If the seed didn’t grow, red X on the place in her diagram where the seed was planted.
At the end of her investigation, she noticed that four seeds in the first box did not grow. The second box had six seeds that did not grow. In the third box, only five of the seeds did not grow. Wendy concluded an average of five seeds in each package did not grow. For future gardens, Wendy assumed that 80% of the seeds in a package would grow.
1) What is the observation?
Not all seeds become plants
2) State the question.
“On average, how many of the seeds in a package will grow?”
3) What was her hypothesis?
She thought maybe 25% of the seeds in a package would not grow.
4) Explain the experiment she designed to test her hypothesis.
She planted each package of seeds in separate boxes, so she could keep careful count of the number of seeds that would grow.
5) How did she collect data?
She drew a diagram of the boxes, indicating where each seed was planted. As the seeds sprouted, she put a green X on her diagram where the seed was planted. If the seed didn’t grow, red X on the place in her diagram where the seed was planted
6) What was Wendy’s conclusion?
Wendy concluded an average of five seeds in each package did not grow
7) State the prediction she made.
Wendy assumed that 80% of the seeds in a package would grow
8) Keisha observes a goldfish in an outdoor pond. The goldfish seem to be more active when the weather is warm than when it is cold. She asks herself, “How do temperature changes affect goldfish?” If she were to do an experiment, which of the following would be the best hypothesis?
a. Do goldfish like warm water or cold water?
b. Goldfish are more active in warm water than in cold water.
c. Goldfish live in warm water and cold water.
d. Temperature changes will kill goldfish.
9) For a science project, Steve conducted a taste test on brands of regular cola. As part of his research, he determined the percentages of the main ingredients in each cola. He found that the percent of sugar in the colas strongly correlated with taste preference. He wanted to present the data showing the percentages of main ingredients in each cola as part of his project. Which of the following would be the best way to present this data?
a. In separate pie charts
b. In multiple line graph
c. In short paragraph summarizing each percentages
d. In a data table
10) Four groups of rats are tested in a lab. Group 1 is given a specific hormone for muscle growth. Group 2 is given a special multivitamin diet. Group 3 receive both the hormone and the multivitamin diet. Group 4 does not receive any extra treatment or special diet. Which of the following groups is the control for the experiment?
a. Group 1
b. Group 2
c. Group 3
d. Group 4
11) In a previous experiment, Josh determined that the growth of goldfish depends on the size of the container that they are in. Now, Josh wants to know if the number of goldfish in a container affects the growth of goldfish. To conduct his experiment, he placed 10 goldfish in a 20 gallon tank, 5 goldfish in a 10 gallon tank, and 1 goldfish in a 1 gallon tank. All the goldfish received the same food in equal amounts. He recorded goldfish growth over a 10 week period. From his data, he concluded that the more goldfish in a tank, the larger they grow. Why was his conclusion not valid?
a. His data was skewed because he should have put the 10 goldfish in the 1gallon tank and the 1 goldfish in the 20 gallon tank.
b. His data was not valid because he failed to control the size of the tank equally for all the groups.
c. His data was valid, but he should not make a conclusion base on just one experiment.
d. His new experiment assumed that validity of a past experiment.
Problem: Some green beans were grown in shaded areas while others were grown in full sun.
Question: What would happen to a green bean plant if the amount of sunlight it received was altered?
Hypothesis: Green bean plants will grow better in full sunlight.
Materials: 6 small green bean plants of approximately the same size, 6 cups with potting soil with a hole the bottom of each, 10 mL of water for each plant once a week, and a metric ruler
Directions:
1) Transfer the bean plants into the cups.
2) Water each plant once a week.
3) Measure each plant and record its height.
4) Place plants A and B in complete darkness.
5) Place plants C and D in full sunlight.
6) Place plants E and F in partial sunlight.
Observations: Closely measure the rate of growth for all plants. Take notes about the condition of each plant and record in a data table.
Record Data: Make a graph to show the growth of each plant. Plot the growth on a multiple line graph showing height and time.
Conclusion: What conclusion can be drawn about the growth of the plants in the relationship to the amount of light each received? Does the investigation support the hypothesis? Can a theory be stated about the effect light had on the green bean plants.
Prediction: Based on the stated hypothesis, make a prediction about the behavior of green bean plants and the presence of light.
12) What was the independent variable in the experiment with the green bean plants?
a. The type of potting soil
b. The amount of sunlight
c. The size of the container
d. How frequently the plant was watered
13) Which of the following factors were kept constant in order for the data to be valid?
a. The type of plant used
b. The size of the container used to grow the plants
c. The amount of the water given to each plant
d. All of the above are control factors
Question Set #3
1) Scientists communicate their findings
a. Because they are bored.
b. To share results and offer new perspectives.
c. Because they were told to do so.
d. But don’t want their experiments repeated.
2) The scientific method is used as a guideline to conduct an experiment to
a. Maintain objectivity.
b. Make it harder to do experiments.
c. Maintain subjectivity.
d. Stifle creativity.
3) Ways that researcher first communicate their discoveries to other are through
a. Journals and conferences.
b. The internet.
c. Television and radio.
d. None of these.
4) I “The atomic theory states that atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and all material on Earth is composed of various combinations of atoms.”
II “I have a theory that everyone is late to the dinner party because of traffic on the highway.”
Which of the following above statements is a scientific theory and why?
a) I because scientific theories must always encompass both living and non-living things.
b) II because scientific theories usually involve one incident.
c) I because scientific theories are based on research and supported by experimental evidence.
d) II because scientific theories are guesses.
5) The following four statements are headlines you read on various magazines covers while standing in the checkout line in the grocery store. Which one could be researched using scientific experimentation?
a. “Diamond is more beautiful than a ruby.”
b. “Metals are both helpful and harmful in the human body.”
c. “The earth was created in a miraculous event.”
d. “Poetry is the most artistic type of literature.”
6) In 1928, Alexander Fleming was conducting an experiment that involved growing bacterial cultures in Petri dishes. The cultures were contaminated, however, by the growth of a green mold. As he was preparing to discard the cultures, he realized that there was a ring around the mold where no bacterium was present. Based on his observation, Fleming conducted a series of scientific experiments. Which of the following questions cannot be answered by scientific investigation?
a. Does temperature change the effect of mold on bacteria?
b. What was preventing the bacteria from growing near the mold?
c. Why had nobody noticed that the presence of mold affects the growth of bacteria before?
d. Could the mold affect the growth of both harmful and beneficial bacteria?
7) You go to the doctor for a condition you are experiencing and he writes you a prescription for a new drug. He tells you that he and his colleagues have heard wonderful things about the effectiveness of the new drug. What would be the best approach in making a decision as to whether or not you should try this new drug?
a. Call the drug manufacturer’s advertising department and ask their opinion on the drug’s safety.
b. Go ahead and take the drug because doctors never make mistakes and always know what is in the best interest of their patients.
c. Read all of the product information on the drug, including clinical trial information, ingredients, and possible side effects.
d. Decide that you will have a positive outlook-after all, the people in the commercial advertising the drug look so healthy.
8) Which of the following should be included in a laboratory report?
a. Material and methods
b. Results
c. Conclusions
d. All of the above should be included
9) A scientist who studies organisms that are not visible using only the naked eye is most probably a(n)