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Chapters 14 – Stress & Health Open Book / Notes ½ Test– Answer Sheet

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AP Psychology Test – Chapter 14 – Stress and Health Psychology

(2 pts each; 50 pts total)

1)The best definition of stress is:

  1. A process by which we appraise and cope with environmental threats and challenges.
  2. An automatic behavioral response to objectively difficult life events
  3. Anything that produces negative effects on the mind
  4. Anything that produces negative effects on the brain
  5. A process by which we physiologically respond to negative life events

2)Resistance to stress is greatest during the ______phase of the GAS.

  1. First
  2. Second
  3. Third
  4. Fourth

3)There are 3 rats, Alfred, Bertha, and Colleen. Alfred and Bertha are shocked periodically, but these two rats have a differing ability to control the shocks. Alfred can stop the shocks by pressing the lever in his cage. Bertha cannot stop the shocks no matter what she does. Colleen is never shocked. Which of the following rats is/are LEAST LIKELY to develop ulcers?

  1. Alfred only
  2. Bertha only
  3. Colleen only
  4. Alfred and Colleen
  5. Bertha and Colleen

4)The leading cause of death of Americans today and since the 1950s is/has been:

  1. Accidents
  2. Coronary heart disease
  3. Cancer
  4. Surgery issues
  5. Alzheimer’s disease

5)B lymphocytes are to ______as T lymphocytes are to ______.

  1. Bacterial infection; viruses
  2. sympathetic arousal; parasympathetic inhibition
  3. viruses; cancer cells
  4. alarm reaction; resistance
  5. insulin; glucose

6)All of the following are methods of promoting good stress management, EXCEPT:

  1. Exercising regularly
  2. Relaxation exercises such as yoga
  3. Social support networks
  4. Faith based communities
  5. All of the above promote good stress management

7)Hypochondriasis is to misinterpreting normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease as a psycho-physiological illness is to ______.

  1. Mental disorders
  2. Personality disorders
  3. any stress-related physical illness
  4. Downplaying one’s serious physical diseases
  5. Downplaying one’s serious mental diseases

8)Which of the following is the MOST susceptible to heart disease?

  1. Type A personalities
  2. Type B personalities
  3. Type A and B are equally susceptible to heart disease
  4. All of the above
  5. None of the above

9)Research on obesity and weight control indicates that:

  1. a sustained diet reduces one's set point for body weight.
  2. when an obese person has lost weight, a diet and exercise program are no longer necessary for maintaining the lower weight.
  3. lean tissue is maintained by fewer calories than is fat tissue.
  4. overweight people typically suffer from a lack of willpower and self discipline.
  5. no matter how carefully people diet, they can never lose fat cells.

10)The best way to increase the production of serotonin is to:

  1. avoid high-carbohydrate foods.
  2. make use of biofeedback.
  3. engage in aerobic exercise.
  4. receive training in meditation.

11)Atherosclerosis is most likely to increase one's vulnerability to:

  1. stomach ulcers.
  2. obesity.
  3. high blood pressure.
  4. lung cancer.
  5. pneumonia.

12)Who is the best example of a Type B personality?

  1. George, a self-confident, time-conscious mail carrier
  2. Wang Lung, a relaxed, easy-going dentist
  3. Henry, an irritable, impatient college professor
  4. Stasio, a fun-loving, hard-driving corporation president

13)John, a 50-year-old electrician, opens his pay envelope and finds a pink slip inside indicating that he has been fired from his job. Which phase of the general adaptation syndrome is John most likely experiencing?

  1. alarm reaction
  2. resistance
  3. fight or flight
  4. adjustment
  5. exhaustion

14)By dramatically reducing her daily caloric intake, Marilyn plans to reduce her normal body weight by 10 to 15 percent. Research suggests that after 3 or 4 weeks of sustained dieting, Marilyn will:

  1. have a lower fat cell count.
  2. feel an increase in pep and physical energy.
  3. experience a decrease in her feelings of hunger.
  4. have a lower resting metabolic rate.

15)As you are waiting to be interviewed for a job, your heart rate, body temperature, and breathing rate begin to increase. These physiological changes are produced by activation of the ______nervous system.

  1. Parasympathetic
  2. Sympathetic
  3. Skeletal
  4. Central
  5. Peripheral

16)Which of the following is most likely to cause premature death?

  1. the failure to use automobile seat belts
  2. alcohol abuse
  3. smoking
  4. obesity
  5. lack of exercise

17)Stress lowers the body's resistance to:

  1. viral infections.
  2. bacterial infections.
  3. cancer.
  4. heart disease.
  5. all the above.

18)The three successive phases of the general adaptation syndrome are:

  1. attention, comprehension, and resistance.
  2. alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion.
  3. adrenal release, cognitive appraisal, and stomach ulceration.
  4. reactive frustration, sympathetic arousal, and parasympathetic inhibition.

19)Who is the best example of a Type A personality?

  1. Philip, a competitive, hard-driving corporation president
  2. Ho, a relaxed, easy-going mail carrier
  3. Valentin, a self-confident, intelligent journalist
  4. Thomas, an introverted, inhibited mental patient

20)Aviad, a 50-year-old banking executive and Type A personality, recently suffered a serious heart attack. To prevent a recurrence, Aviad would probably benefit most from:

  1. strenuous exercise.
  2. early retirement.
  3. relaxation training.
  4. pain control medication.

21)In response to stress, the adrenal gland releases:

  1. cortisol.
  2. lymphocytes.
  3. uric acid.
  4. teratogens.
  5. acetylcholine.

22)Smoking is especially common among young teens who:

  1. are not very self-conscious about their behavior.
  2. come from wealthy families.
  3. receive low grades in school.
  4. are highly popular among their classmates.

23)Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol:

  1. are released by the thymus and lymph glands.
  2. accelerate the buildup of plaques on artery walls.
  3. divert blood flow from muscle tissue to the body's internal organs.
  4. accelerate the proliferation of lymphocytes.
  5. decrease heart rate and blood pressure.

24)Adina wants advice on how to cope with the stress of college life. She would be best advised to approach college with a sense of personal:

  1. skepticism and humility.
  2. control and optimism.
  3. ambition and competitiveness.
  4. urgency and time-consciousness.

25)Which of the following is the most addictive according to your book?

  1. Heroin
  2. Cocaine
  3. Tobacco products
  4. Heroin, cocaine, and tobacco are essentially equally addictive
  5. None of these drugs are addictive

Extra Credit (up to 5 pts each on the test):

No page length requirement! Put answers on your own paper!

1)You are creating an advertisement for a weight loss program. You want to remain as factual and objective as possible. What does research show to be the most successful strategies for long term weight loss?

2)You are creating an advertisement the government’s truth campaign against tobacco use (specifically smoking cigarettes). You want to remain as factual and objective as possible. What does research show to be the harmful effects of smoking tobacco?