Name ______Mod ______Date ______

REVIEW WORKSHEET – CHAP. 9

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

1. ______Connective tissue covering over entire muscle

2. ______Attaches muscle to bone

3. ______Stores & releases Ca++

4. ______Connective tissue covering over muscle fiber

5. ______Muscle bundle

6. ______Light area on either side of the Z line

7. ______Repeating units of skeletal muscle that cause its striped

appearance

8. ______Thin filaments

9. ______Area of sarcomere that consists of overlapping fibers of actin & myosin

10.______Carries the impulse from the neuron further into muscle fibers

11.______Stores neurotransmitters

12.______Connective tissue covering over muscle bundle

13.______Blocks the binding sites of a muscle at rest

14.______The neurotransmitter that motor neurons use to stimulate muscles

15.______Functional unit of muscles that shorten when muscles contract

16.______Enzyme that breaks down any excess neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft

17.______Area of sarcomere that consists of myosin filaments only

18.______Ending points of sarcomere

19.______Thick filaments

20.______The motor neuron & the muscle fibers it acts on

*OVER*

Multiple Choice

_____ 21. In smooth muscle, Ca++ combines with ______to allow cross-bridges to form.

a. calmodulin

b. troponin

c. myosin

d. tropomyosin

_____ 22. The period of time during which a muscle will not respond to a stimulus is:

a. refractory period

b. threshold

c. latent period

d. relaxation period

_____ 23. The reddish brown color of muscle is due to the presence of

a. creatine phosphate

b. hemoglobin

c. myoglobin

d. iron

_____ 24. The antagonist of the triceps is the

a. deltoid

b. lattisimus dorsi

c. biceps

d. brachioradialis

_____ 25. The gap between the muscle & the nerve is the

a. synapse

b. motor end plate

c. synaptic vesicles

d. motor unit

_____ 26. During the contraction of a sarcomere, calcium ions bind with the protein

a. actin

b. myosin

c. troponin

d. tropomyosin

_____ 27. Which of the following is true about lactic acid?

a. Lactic acid uses up the O2 in muscle cells, resulting in oxygen debt

b. Lactic acid is produced in muscle cells in the presence of oxygen

c. Lactic acid accumulation results in soreness after exercise

d. Lactic acid is used in cellular respiration to synthesize creatine phosphate

_____ 28. As the diameter of a muscle fiber increases,

a. the strength of its contraction decreases

b. the strength of its contraction increases

c. they are said to hypertrophy

d. both B & C

_____ 29. Rigor mortis can best be described as

a. muscular relaxation due to the unavailability of ATP

b. after death when ATP collects in muscle tissue & causes total release of cross bridges & consequently muscle rigidity

c. muscle rigidity due to unreleased cross bridges in muscle cells

d. a lack of ATP because of halted metabolic activities resulting in cold body temperatures

_____ 30. What biochemical change is most directly responsible for the return of a muscle fiber to a resting condition?

a. absence of Ca++

b. absence of acetylcholinesterase

c. the release of acetylcholine

d. the regeneration of ATP

Sequencing – Place the following events in the correct order by putting a 1 in the 1st step, etc.

_____ 31. Z lines of the sarcomere are drawn together & sarcomere shortens

_____ 32. Cross bridge movement begins

_____ 33. Cross bridges b/t actin & myosin form

_____ 34. Ca++ bind to troponin

_____ 35. ATP is converted to ADP & cross bridges are released

Select the type of muscle that best fits the descriptions listed below.

Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle

______ 36. Spindle shaped

______37. Large T-tubules

______38. Susceptible to a release of hormones

______39. May undergo peristalsis

______40. Slower to contract, but may retain contraction longer

41. Compare smooth, skeletal & cardiac muscle tissue by filling in the chart below.

Skeletal / Smooth / Cardiac
Cells elongated w/multiple nuclei/cell
T-tubules present
Striated/voluntary
Needs nerve impulse for contraction
Ca+² binds to troponin
Not affected by hormones
Contracts & relaxes rapidly
Not affected by stretching

42. The function of creatine phosphate is ______

43. Oxygen is carried in the bloodstream bound to ______

44. Liver cells can convert lactic acid to ______, but it requires ______

45. A muscle cramp results when ______

46. Threshold is defined as ______

47. A myogram is ______

48. Three parts of a muscle contraction are ______

49. Summation occurs when ______

50. Recruitment of muscle means ______