Deen City FarmQCA Unit 3A Teeth and Eating1

OBJECTIVES / ACTIVITIES / OUTCOMES
CHILDREN SHOULD LEARN
Revisit ideas about diet from Unit 2A 'Health and growth', asking children separate questions about what they eat and what they like to eat.
· that all animals, including humans, need to feed
· that animals need to feed to grow and to be active / Group foods into broad categories eg meat and fish, fats, starches and sugars, vegetables, fruit. Introduce the concept of groups of foods for particular purposes eg some foods, particularly meat, fish, cheese, lentils, beans, supply what we need for growth; fats, sugars and starches provide what we need to be active / · produce a record of the visit or work done in writing and drawing
· identitfy some foods 'for growth' and some foods 'for activity'
· that an adequate and varied diet is needed to keep healthy / Observe farm animals and discuss their diet, explaining how the livestock manager ensures that they have adequate amounts of food types. Talk with the children about different diets and explain the scientific use of the word 'diet'. / describe a varied and balanced diet suggesting some foods that are needed for growth and some that enable us to be active
· that different animals have different diets
· to raise questions about the diet of different animals / Ask children to find out using direct observation what local/familiar animals eat. Ask them to suggest questions eg Do all chickens eat the same food? Do sheep and cows eat the same? Do animals prefer particular foods? / · suggest what they could find out about the diets of their pets
· identify different sorts of food eaten by the animals
· that humans have teeth -molars for chewing, canines for tearing, incisors for cutting - and that teeth help us to eat · that the shape of the teeth makes them useful for different purposes / Ask children about their teeth and the function of different teeth and gums. Ask them to describe which of their milk teeth they have left and let them use a mirror to look at their teeth. / Explain why it is important to look after teeth· to make observations and
· to make observations and comparisons of different teeth, identifying important features / Present children with examples of teeth. Ask them to describe the teeth and say where they are found in the mouth and what makes them suitable for their purposes eg incisors are sharp for cutting / Identify the three types of milk teeth, either from drawings or models, and explain the function of each type of tooth

Farm Lesson Plan

Explain we are going to look at different animals and their diets and see if they have different teeth.

Start by thinking about human beings. Talk about our diet. We are omnivores - we eat meat as well as fruit and vegetables. Explore the idea of a balanced diet using the Velcro food and plate.

Look at poster/human skull/ourselves using mirrors and revise names of different teeth - incisors, canines, and molars.

Work on What do teeth do? worksheet together (children using clipboards)

Explain to the children they are going to look at some of the farm animals now. The Livestock & Land staff and Stables staff will be on hand to help you look closely at the animals' teeth.

Cows sheep, and goats

These farm animals eat grass or hay (dried grass) all day. Grass is hard to digest and so they have four stomachs.

They have a bottom set of incisors but no top front teeth. Instead there is something called a hard palette.

They nibble off the grass and swallow it straight down without chewing. (Which teeth would they therefore not need? (= molars) Ask children if that makes sense. Have they seen cows chewing? We've all seen cows chewing and they do have molars designed for chewing at the back of their mouths. What they do is regurgitate (like us being sick!!) a portion of grass into their mouths and slowly chew it before swallowing it again.

Pigs

Pigs eat meat and vegetables like us. Ask the children what that makes them (= omnivores). Explain we don't feed them meat here. We give them grains, nuts and vegetables in a special processed food. Ask what teeth we would expect them to have (incisors, canines and molars). Pigs don't need Vitamin C as they can make their own.

Horses

Horses are herbivores eating no meat and therefore have no? (= canines). They have incisors and molars. Look at food posters with packets.

Birds

Different birds eat different things. Some eat meat, some fish, some seeds and some worms, grubs and insects. Budgerigars, canaries, quails (flightless) and a rosella live in the aviary. They are mainly seed eaters but will also find some small insects and grubs. Sometimes the seeds begin to grow and the birds will eat the little shoots that emerge.

Our owl, Walnut, lives on mice, rats and chicks. Owls are called birds of prey. They tear their prey apart with their sharp beaks and claws or eat it whole. They can't digest bones, fur or feathers so once or twice a day they regurgitate (refer back to cows) these as pellets.

Small Animals e.g. rabbits and guinea pigs

These are herbivores. Check understanding. They have incisors and molars which are

quite far back in their mouths.

Rabbits teeth keep growing.

Guinea pigs need extra Vitamin C as their bodies, like ours can't make it.

Tortoise

A herbivore with no teeth, just a hard palefte with a sharp edge.

@ QCA 1998

Browse, save, edit or print Schemes of Work from the Standards Site at QCN9812IOW Ref QCAI98121