Exam Review

Animals / Plants
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Vacuoles

Study all Vocabulary, Workbook pages, Notes and Quizzes

1. Cells:

What are the characteristics of life?

Cell Theory

Unicellular versus multicellular.

Structure, Function Use the cell powerpoint, CellsAlive and worksheet.

Be able to recognize organelles by shape and know the function of each.

-Book:;

-Workbook: 6-8

Lab Notebook: *Cell ppt. * means check Homework site for copies if yours are missing

-Quizzes: __1______2_ __3____

LbNbk pages: ______

2. Chemical reactions & cell membrane transport

Workbook Pkt ch. 2 all sections.

3. DNA- Cell Cycle Interphase, mitosis & cytokinesis

-Book: 80-84

-Workbook: 35 & 38

-Lab Notebook: *Cell Cycle Notes______

-Quiz #4 Lab Notebook pg. ______

Quizzes to practice. Try not to use your notes to take them, but use the notes and textbook to check your self.

Notes Here

Be able to label an Animal Cell

A Microscope parts

Mitosis pictures for stages

Know Photosynthesis picture page 49

Cellular Respiration page 51

Cell Quiz Chapter 1 from textbook

1)The basic unit of life is the ______.

2)An ______is a living thing.

3)An example of genetic material is ______.

4)A widely accepted explanation or idea of something in the natural world is a scientific ______.

5)Living things made of one cell are called ______.

6)Living things made of more than one cell are called ______.

7)A ______is a tool that helps us to see things too small for our eyes to see.

8)The following 3 statements are part of the ______. Every living thing is made of one or more cells. All cells carry out the functions needed for life. New cells come only from other living things.

9)An example of a tiny single-celled organism is ______.

10) Which part of the cell theory describes the main role of cells? ______

11) List 2 of the 4 characteristics of living things: ______; ______

12) What are 3 things that living things need to live? ______; ______; and ______.

The ______is where the ribosomes are made.

The ______protects the chromosomes and controls what goes in and out of the nucleus.

The chromosomes are the ______for what the cell the makes and does. Another word for chromosomes is ______.

The ______is where the organelles are located and where cell metabolism and reactions happen.

The ______is where the instructions for the cells are stored.

DNA

  1. The full name of DNA is ______.
  2. When DNA is all wound up tight it is called a ______.
  3. When DNA is stretched out it is called ______.
  4. DNA is found in the (cytoplasm, nucleolus, nucleus.)

Label the parts of the cell below.

STRUCTURE / FUNCTION
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
Contains the organelles and allows for metabolism/chemical reactions.
Contains and stores the cell’s genetic information, which controls the cell’s activity.
Involved in the production of ribosomes.
The “gatekeeper”protects the nucleus and allows materials to pass in and out of the nucleus through pores.
The garbage collectors of the cell which digest unneeded or old cell parts.
The Power-House of the cell. They break down food molecules so the cell has the energy to live.
The “mailroom”, which receive proteins, package them, distribute them to others parts of the cell and release materials to the outside of the cell.
The “protein factory” that make proteins.
“Transport” passage way carry proteins from one part of the cell to another.
The genetic material, which are the instructions for the cell what the cell makes and does.
Lysosomes / Endoplasmic Reticulum / Golgi Bodies / Nucleolus / Centrioles / Nuclear Membrane
Chromosomes / Mitochondria / Cytoplasm / Ribosomes / Nucleus / Cell Membrane

The Cell Cycle has 3 basic parts

1. Interphase

  • Cell full size
  • Cell growing
  • Life activities
  1. Removing wastes (lysosome)
  2. Making proteins (ribosomes)
  3. Cellular respiration (Mitochondria)- O2 energy + C02
  4. Duplicate DNA and organelles in preparation for Mitosis

2. Mitosis (Has 4 steps of its own)

Purpose is to make 2 separate Nuclei each with its own copy of DNA.

  1. Prophase
  • Nuclear membrane breaks down
  • Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
  • Centrioles move apart towards poles

2. Metaphase

  • Chromosomes line up along the middle
  • Microtubules (spindle fiber) from Centrioles attach to the Centromeres
  • Centrioles are at opposite ends (poles)

3. Anaphase

  • Chromosome sets split
  • Chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides by the spindle fibers from the Centrioles
  • The spindle fibers shorten to pull the chromosomes by their Centromere.

4. Telophase

  • Nuclear membrane reform
  • Cell membrane pinches in
  • Chromosomes return to thread-like form called chromatin

3. Cytokinesis: Purpose is to make 2 separate Cells.

  • Total separation of the parent cell into two daughter cells
  • The fiber ring makes the final pinching off
  • Cytoplasm and organelles completely divided between 2 cells.
  • In plant cells a cell plate forms between the two new Nuclei. The plate then forms the cell membrane and then the new cell wall.
  1. There are (2, 3, 4, 6) major stages of the cell cycle.
  2. There are (2, 3, 4, 6) major stages of Mitosis.
  3. Interphase is part of (Cell cycle, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  4. Anaphase is part of (Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  5. Telophase is part of (Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  6. When the cell membrane separates into 2 cells is in (Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  7. DNA and organelle replication happens in (Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  8. Chromatin condensing to chromosomes happens in (Cell cycle, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  9. Cell growth happens in (Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis).
  10. The structures that send out the microtubules or spindle fibers are called (centromeres, centrioles, choloroplasts).

DNA- Deoxyribonucleic acid. Chromosomes are formed when the chromatin, which is the DNA in its loose form (thread-like) condense into the curled, compact form. A chromatid is one of the 2 parental chromosomes. The chromatid from the father is paired with the chromatid from the mother by the Centromere. This is sometimes called a chromosomal pair. Gene: A section of DNA that codes for a protein.

All these forms are DNA! Backbone of sugar and Phosphate; rungs of nucleotide bases

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Chromatids a & bCell membrane

X2

Centrioles

Centromere Chromatin

Nuclear Membrane

DNA

Interphase

Cytokinesis

Mitosis

WWhich two processes does it show?

a. / photosynthesis and breathing / c. / growing and cellular respiration
b. / breathing and growing / d. / photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Look at the figure. What does cellular respiration release in addition to energy?

a. / carbon dioxide and oxygen / c. / carbon dioxide and sweat
b. / carbon dioxide and glucose / d. / carbon dioxide and water

Inside plant cells, photosynthesis takes place in the

a. / mitochondria. / c. / chloroplasts.
b. / chlorophyll. / d. / chromosomes.

a. / photosynthesis / c. / fermentation
b. / respiration / d. / cellular respiration

This figure represents what important cell process?

The cell in which this process is taking place is

a. / eukaryotic, because the cell has a mitochondrion.
b. / eukaryotic, because the cell produces energy.
c. / prokaryotic, because the cell releases water and carbon dioxide.
d. / prokaryotic, because the cell has no cell wall.

Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?

a. / glucose / c. / water
b. / carbon dioxide / d. / heat energy

In In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes, is called

a. / mitosis. / c. / photosynthesis.
b. / cytokinesis. / d. / cancer.