Matter Unit

Names and Formulas

for Compounds

Key

Matter Unit

Rules for Naming Compounds

Covalent

/

Ionic

Two or more Nonmetals / Metal and Nonmetal / Formed
Between:
  • Use prefixes to tell how many of each element.
  • End the name of the 2nd particle with “ide”
  • mon (1)
  • di (2)
  • tri (3)
  • tetra (4)
  • penta (5)
  • hex (6)
  • hept (7)
  • oct (8)
  • non (9)
  • dec (10)
/
  • Cation (positive ion) name.
  • If the cation can have more than one charge, a roman numeral is used to denote the charge in that compound.
  • Anion (negative ion) name.
  • End the name of binary (2 elements) compounds with”ide”
  • Compounds with Polyatomic ions end with “ate” or “ite”
/ When
Naming:
P2Cl5 diphosphorous pentachloride / NaBr sodium bromide
FeS iron(II) sulfide
CaCO3 calcium carbonate / Example:

Memorize the following polyatomic ions names and corresponding formula and charge (make flash cards!):

acetatecarbonatehydrogen phosphateperoxide

hypochloritepermanganatehydrogen sulfitehydroxide

chloritecyanidehydrogen sulfatephosphate

chloratechromateammoniumsulfite

perchloratedichromatenitratesulfate

bicarbonatenitriteoxalate

Assignment 1:Name the following binary compounds:

Identify each as ionic or covalent.

CS2carbon disulfide (covalent)

MgSemagnesium selinide (ionic)

CuCl2copper(II) chloride (ionic)

SO2sulfur dioxide (covalent)

FeSiron(II) sulfide (ionic)

CaCl2calcium chloride (ionic)

PbF2lead(II) fluoride (ionic)

KIpotassium iodide (ionic)

Na2Osodium oxide (ionic)

CBr4carbon tetrabromide(covalent)

Fe2O3iron(III) oxide(ionic)

Cl2O7dichlorine heptoxide (covalent)

CaOcalcium oxide(ionic)

Al2S3aluminum sulfide (ionic)

Cu2Ocopper(I) oxide (ionic)

Why do the elements iron, copper, and lead have a roman numeral in the name while the other metals do not? What does the roman numeral tell you?

Assignment 2: Name the following compounds:

Identify as ionic or covalent; binary or ternary.

NaClsodium chloride(binary ionic)

NaHCO3sodium bicarbonate(ternary ionic)

CaOcalcium oxide(binary ionic)

NaClOsodium hypochlorite(ternary ionic)

CaCO3calcium carbonate(ternary ionic)

Al2O3aluminum oxide(binary ionic)

CO2carbon dioxide(binary covalent)

Fe2S3iron(III) sulfide(binary ionic)

XeF6xenon hexafluoride(binary covalent)

NaNO2sodium nitrite(ternary ionic)

LiCNlithium cyanide(ternary ionic)

K2Spotassium sulfide(binary ionic)

NH3nitrogen trihydride(binary covalent)

NaOHsodium hydroxide(ternary ionic)

COcarbon monoxide(binary covalent)

SO2sulfur dioxide(binary covalent)

TiO2titanium(IV) oxide(binary ionic)

KNO3potassium nitrate(ternary ionic)

KClO3potassium chlorate(ternary ionic)

SiO2silicon dioxide(binary covalent)

Assignment 3: Name the following compounds of all types

including acids:

MgSO4magnesium sulfate

H3PO3phosphorous acid

CuBr2copper(II) bromide

HIhydroiodic acid

Mn3(PO4)2manganese(II)phosphate

Na2SO4sodium sulfate

Al2(CO3)3aluminum carbonate

Fe2SO3)3iron(III) sulfite

HClO3chloric acid

NaHSO4sodium bisulfate (sodium hydrogen sulfate)

SnOtin(II) oxide

Bi2(SO4)3bismuth(III) sulfate

HNO3nitric acid

Cd(NO2)2cadmium(II) nitrite

H2Shydrosulfuric acid

How do you know when to name a compound as an acid?

Assignment 4: Write formulas for the following compounds of all types including acids:

sodium phosphiteNa3PO3

hydrochloric acidHCl

copper(I) nitrateCuNO3

carbon tetrachlorideCCl4

dinitrogen trioxideN2O3

strontium chlorateSr(ClO3)2

iron(III) chromateFe2(CrO4)3

cobalt(II) chlorideCoCl2

sulfuric acidH2SO4

disulfur difluorideS2F2

chromic acidH2CrO4

oxalic acidH2C2O4

manganese(III) sulfateMn2(SO4)3

phosphoric acidH3PO4

chromium(III) oxideCr2O3

Assignment 5: Naming and Formulas

Part 1: NamingPart 2: Formulas

1. Fe(NO3)2iron(II) nitrate11. cadmium(II) fluorideCdF2

2. Mg(NO2)2magnesium nitrite12. barium phosphateBa3(PO4)2

3. KOHpotassium hydroxide13. copper(I) chlorideCuCl

4. NH4NO3ammonium nitrate14. barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2

5. CaSO4calcium sulfate15. iron(III) carbonateFe2(CO3)3

6. PbF2lead(II) fluoride16. calcium sulfiteCaSO3

7. PbO2lead(IV) oxide17. copper(II) hydroxideCu(OH)2

8. Ba(HCO3)2barium bicarbonate18. aluminum phosphateAlPO4

9. Al2(CO3)3aluminum carbonate19. zinc sulfiteZnSO3

10. Cu(OH)2copper(II) hydroxide20. zinc chlorideZnCl2

Part 3: What’s Wrong With These Formulas?

21. (NH3)2CO3NH3 is not an ion. NH4 is ammonium.

22. Na2PO4Because Na has a charge of +1 and phosphate is -3, the charges are not equal. Should be Na3 PO4.

23. K(OH)2Because K has a charge of +1 and hydroxide is -1, the charges are not equal. Should be KOH.

Assignment 6: Naming and Formulas

Name / Use / Formula
calcium sulfate / plaster / CaSO4
calcium carbonate / chalk / CaCO3
aluminum sulfate / deodorant / Al2(SO4)3
potassium nitrate / saltpeter / KNO3
silicon dioxide / amethyst / SiO2
cobalt(II) chloride / foam stabilizer
in beer / CoCl2
copper(II) sulfate / controls algae in
tropical fish aquariums / CuSO4
aluminum chloride / antiperspirant / AlCl3
nitrogen dioxide / Los Angeles smog / NO2
sulfur dioxide / London smog / SO2
nitrogen monoxide / auto exhaust / NO
carbon tetrachloride / once used as
cleaning fluid / CCl4
tin(II) fluoride / fluoristan in toothpaste / SnF2
tin(IV) fluoride / toothpaste additive / SnF4
iron(II) sulfate / iron pills, dyes, inks / FeSO4
ammonium nitrate / fertilizer ingredient / NH4NO3
silver bromide / photographic emulsion / AgBr
lead(IV) oxide / electrode in car battery / PbO2
sodium phosphate / grease cleaner / Na3PO4