Ch6 Part II Solutions and biological molecules
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 1. Water is a polar substance.
____ 2. In water, the oxygen is more negative because electrons spend more time around it.
____ 3. Water is considered the universal solvent because it can even dissolve lipids.
____ 4. Kool-aid is a solution and water is the solute.
____ 5. When salt (NaCl) is dropped into water the Na is pulled to the oxygen part of water breaking salt apart.
____ 6. A mixture is a combination of 2 or more substances that chemically combine.
____ 7. A heterogenous mixture is uniform throughout.
____ 8. A solvent is defined as what the solute dissolves in.
____ 9. A colloid is a solution whose particles don’t settle out.
____ 10. Hydroxide ions, OH- is what determines an acid.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 11. When added to water an acid is a substance that releases which of the following into solution.
a. / hydroxide ions / c. / Hydrogen ionsb. / Negative ions / d. / positive ions
____ 12. What happens when you mix a strong acid with a strong base?
a. / You still get an acid because acids are stronger / c. / a neutral solution of water and saltb. / You get a base because a base has a high pH / d. / a salt solution slightly basic
____ 13. A pH buffer does what?
a. / controls the pH level when too acidic or too basic / c. / keeps solutions basicb. / keeps solutions acidic / d. / keeps solution alkaline
____ 14. Which of the following would be a good reason to maintain a certain pH in the body?
a. / all of the body in mostly a basic pH and should be kept basic / c. / The body operates mainly in the acidic range and should be kept acidicb. / Various parts of the body operate at various pH levels and needs to adjust so as not to be too acidic or too basic. / d. / the body can operate in any pH range
____ 15. Which of the following elements is neccessary to be an organic molecule?
a. / nitrogen / c. / hydrogenb. / oxygen / d. / carbon
____ 16. Organic molecules only have a few elements that can they can form from. Which of the following accounts for the diversity of organic molecules and their functions?
a. / the ability to form so many different kinds of bonds / c. / forming different shapes even with the same elementsb. / forming small molecules / d. / all the above
____ 17. Which of the following bonds does an organic compound not form?
a. / covalent / c. / single carbon bondsb. / ionic / d. / double carbon bonds
____ 18. Which element would need to be removed from the molecule in Figure 6-2 to make it unsaturated?
Figure 6-2
a. / carbon / c. / oxygenb. / hydrogen / d. / phosphorus
____ 19. A student set up four test tubes containing a carbohydrate solution in which to perform carbohydrate digestion. Supplies included amylase (enzyme that breaks down carbs) and an incubator. In which tube listed would carbohydrate digestion proceed most quickly?
a. / Tube 1: No amylase, room temperature (25°C)b. / Tube 2: No amylase, body temperature (37°C)
c. / Tube 3: Amylase present, room temperature (25°C)
d. / Tube 4: Amylase present, body temperature (37°C)
____ 20. Which property is responsible for the fact that water and oil do not mix?
a. / density / c. / phaseb. / mass / d. / polarity
____ 21. Which is the best example of a solution and not a colloid
a. / blood / c. / paintb. / milk / d. / salt water
____ 22. When added to water, how does an acid affect the pH and H+ concentration?
a. / Both pH and H+ decrease.b. / Both pH and H+ increase.
c. / The pH decreases while the H+ increases.
d. / The pH increases while the H+ decreases.
____ 23. Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates or lipids?
a. / C / c. / Nb. / H / d. / O
____ 24. In humans and other multicelluar organisms, which substance plays a central role as a primary energy source?
a. / carbohydrate / c. / proteinb. / fat / d. / water
____ 25. Glycogen, used to store energy in the liver and muscle tissue, is an example of which type of molecule?
a. / carbohydrate / c. / saturated fatty acidb. / protein / d. / steroid
____ 26. Amino acids are the building blocks of which macromolecule?
a. / carbohydrate / c. / lipidb. / DNA / d. / protein
____ 27. An organism’s genetic information is stored in which type of macromolecule?
a. / DNA / c. / lipidb. / carbohydrate / d. / protein
____ 28. Which of the following is not found in a fat?
a. / a glycerol head / c. / an unsaturated fatty acidb. / a saurated fatty acid / d. / nitrogen
____ 29. Besides energy, fats can be used for....
a. / forming cell membranes with phospholipids / c. / making cholesterole and vitamin Db. / forming steroid hormones / d. / all the above
____ 30. Which of the following is not a protein.
a. / sucrose / c. / antibodiesb. / hemoglobin / d. / collagen and elastin
____ 31. Which of the following is less likely to unfold regarding protein structure.
a. / primary folding / c. / tertiary foldingb. / secondary folding / d. / quantinary folding
____ 32. Besides a phosphate group and a sugar, what is the 3rd thing needed to make a nucleotide?
a. / glucose / c. / a nitrogen baseb. / a nucleic acid / d. / none of these
____ 33. The sugar that forms a nucleotide is....
a. / Ribose / c. / fructoseb. / Glucose / d. / sucrose
____ 34. How many different nucleobases are there to form DNA, a nucleic acid.
a. / 1 / c. / 3b. / 2 / d. / 4
____ 35. Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA
a. / RNA is a single strand of nucleotides / c. / DNA has no oxygenb. / DNA is a double strand / d. / all the above
____ 36. Sucrose is a...
a. / monosaccharide / b. / disaccharide____ 37. Plants use polysaccharides to form....
a. / cellulose / b. / chitin____ 38. Why do lipids make a good cell membrane?
a. / they allow polar substances in and out / b. / they dont break down in water____ 39. Functional proteins are also known as....
a. / fibrous proteins / b. / globular proteins____ 40. Nucleic acids, carbohydrates and proteins can also be refered to as...
a. / polymers / c. / macromoleculesb. / long chains of monomeres / d. / all the above
Ch6 Part II Solutions and biological molecules
Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: T
This is the correct definition.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level A | DOK 1 REF: 156
TOP: 6-5
2. ANS: T
This is true
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level C | DOK 1 REF: 158
NAT: LS_1b TOP: 6-6
3. ANS: F
false, it cannot.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level D | DOK 1 REF: 159
NAT: LS_1b TOP: 6-6
4. ANS: F
This is false, water is the solvent
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level A | DOK 1 REF: 160
TOP: 6-7
5. ANS: T
true
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level C | DOK 2 REF: 161
TOP: 6-8
6. ANS: F
false, dont chemically combine.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level D | DOK 1 REF: 165
TOP: 6-10
7. ANS: F
false is not uniform
PTS: 1
8. ANS: T
true
PTS: 1
9. ANS: T
true
PTS: 1
10. ANS: F
false, H ions
PTS: 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE
11. ANS: C PTS: 1
12. ANS: C PTS: 1
13. ANS: A PTS: 1
14. ANS: B PTS: 1
15. ANS: D PTS: 1
16. ANS: C PTS: 1
17. ANS: B PTS: 1
18. ANS: B
Two atoms of hydrogen would need to be removed.
FeedbackA / Removal of a carbon atom would break the chain.
B / Yes, removing hydrogen atoms would leave a double bond.
C / Oxygen atoms are not involved here.
D / There is no phosphorus in this molecule.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level C | DOK 3 REF: 169
TOP: 6-13
19. ANS: D
Starch digestion would proceed most quickly in the presence of amylase at body temperature.
FeedbackA / An enzyme would increase the rate of the reaction.
B / An enzyme would increase the rate of the reaction.
C / The reaction would proceed more quickly at body temperature.
D / Well done.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level F | DOK 3 REF: 159
TOP: 6-7
20. ANS: D
Water is polar while oil is nonpolar.
FeedbackA / This explains why oil floats on water, but not why they do not mix.
B / Mass of oil molecules is only slightly related to this idea.
C / Both substances are liquid.
D / Correct.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level D | DOK 2 REF: 163
TOP: 6-8
21. ANS: D
A solution is a homegeneous substance that contains a solute dissolved in a solvent.
FeedbackA / This is a colloid.
B / See page 163.
C / This is a colloid.
D / Well done.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level D | DOK 2 REF: 163
TOP: 6-9
22. ANS: C
The pH decreases as the H+ increases.
FeedbackA / Only pH decreases.
B / The pH would decrease.
C / Correct.
D / This is opposite of the correct answer.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level D | DOK 2 REF: 164
TOP: 6-10
23. ANS: C
Proteins have nitrogen, but carbohydrates and lipids do not.
FeedbackA / All have C.
B / All have H.
C / Correct.
D / All have O.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level B | DOK 1 REF: 168
NAT: LS_5b TOP: 6-12
24. ANS: A
Carbohydrate is the key substance for energy metabolism. Fat is used for storage but not typically as a direct energy source.
FeedbackA / Well done.
B / This is mostly for energy storage, not use.
C / This can be used for energy but that is not its main role.
D / Water does not provide energy, though it is essential for life.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level C | DOK 2 REF: 168
NAT: LS_5b STA: LS.10.11 TOP: 6-13
25. ANS: A
Glycogen is made of glucose and is a carbohydrate.
FeedbackA / Correct.
B / See page 168.
C / Glycogen is not a fatty acid.
D / See page 168.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level A | DOK 2 REF: 168–169
NAT: LS_5b STA: LS.10.11 TOP: 6-13
26. ANS: D
Amino acids are the building blocks of protein.
FeedbackA / Carbohydrates are made of sugar units.
B / DNA is made of nucleotides.
C / See page 170.
D / Correct.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level B | DOK 2 REF: 170
NAT: LS_5b STA: LS.10.11 TOP: 6-12
27. ANS: A
DNA is the genetic material of the cell.
FeedbackA / Correct.
B / This provides fuel.
C / See page 171.
D / Protein is not the substance used to store the genetic information.
PTS: 1 DIF: Bloom's Level A | DOK 1 REF: 171
NAT: LS_5b STA: LS.12.1 TOP: 6-13
28. ANS: D PTS: 1
29. ANS: D PTS: 1
30. ANS: A PTS: 1
31. ANS: D PTS: 1
32. ANS: C PTS: 1
33. ANS: A PTS: 1
34. ANS: D PTS: 1
35. ANS: D PTS: 1
36. ANS: B PTS: 1
37. ANS: A PTS: 1
38. ANS: B PTS: 1
39. ANS: B PTS: 1
40. ANS: D PTS: 1