Name: ______

Hour: ______Date: ______

Cell Processes, Reproduction & Heredity

Study Guide

Directions: Fill in the blank with the best answer:

1)An organism that makes its own food is an ____autotroph______.(2-1)

2)During ______respiration______, most energy is released in the mitochondria.(2-2)

3)An energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen is ______fermentation______.(2-2)

4)Uncontrolled cell division is a characteristic of ______cancer______.(2-4)

5)In ______codominance______, neither of the alleles is dominant or recessive.(3-2)

6)An organism’s physical appearance is its ______phenotype______.(3-2)

7)The scientific study of heredity is called______genetics______.(repro. pkt)

8)If the body cells of an organism have 34 chromosomes, then the sex cells would have been ______17______chromosomes.(repro. pkt)

Directions: Answer the following questions using the Punnett Squares provided.(3-2)

9)In the cross between two black guinea pigs shown in Punnett Square A,what is the probability that an offspring will be black? __75__% White? __25___%

10)Is it possible that the cross between two black guinea pigs in PunnettSquare A would not produce a white guinea pig? __Yes______Explain._If one black guinea pig was homozygous for black.

11)What color are the guinea pig parents in the cross shown in Punnett Square B? _White & Black______

12)Which guinea pig parent(s) in Punnett Square B is homozygous? _____bb__WHit______

13)Whichis heterozygous? ___Bb___Black______

14)Calculate the probability that an offspring will be black in the cross inPunnett Square B. What is the probability that an offspring will be white? _____50%______

Directions: Answer the following questions using complete sentences.

15)How can cancer spread from a tumor to other parts of the body?(2-4) Cells from the tumor break off and enter the blood stream, spreading the cancer to other areas of the body
______

16)What is asexual reproduction? (rep. pkt) Reproduction that occurs without sex cells – only 1 parent_
______

17)Name the 3 types of asexual reproduction & give an example of an organism that completes each.(rep. pkt)

  1. _____Binary Fission______example organism: Amoeba______
  2. ______Spores______example organism: Mushrooms______
  3. ______Budding______example organism:Hydra or Coral______

18)During which type of reproduction (sexual or asexual) would the off-spring look more like the parent organism? (rep. pkt)______asexual______Explain why.
The offspring only gets genetic information from one parent causing it to have the same genetic information as its parent.

19)Complete the chart below.(2-1 & 2-2)


20)In pea plants, the allele for yellow pods (Y) is dominant over the allele for green pods (y). Construct a Punnett square that shows a cross between an YY plant and an Yy plant. Predict what percent of the offspring are likely to have yellow pods.(3-2)

Y Y

YY / YY
Yy / Yy

Y 100% Chance Offspring will be Yellow

y