Reconstruction Era Notes: Answer Key
Difficulties:
1.Poor ______and black families struggled. White
2.White landowners were left without______to work the plantations, after slavery was abolished. Laborers
3.Newly freed slaves did not ______land in which to make a living. Some left the plantations for better ______up North and out West. Own , opportunities
4.Some former slaves found jobs in factories for freed slaves. Others began new lives out______by working land on their own terms.West
5. Many freed slaves:
•Married and established strong ______. communities
•Formed their own______. churches
•Received an ______in the______schools that had been established. Education, freedom schools
•Started their own______.Businesses
6.The Freedman’s Bureau was established by Congress before the end of the Civil War.
•Its______was to helpall people in the South in need, especially freedmen.goal
•It provided ______, clothing, medical care, ______,and some protection from hostile Southerners. Food, education
•It also helped findjobsand provide someprotection in labor contracts dealing with ______. sharecropping
7.One of Freedmen’s Bureau’s most important contributions was in creating thousands of______. Schools
8.This action was influenced by ______who is known as the “Father of the Common School.” Horace Mann
9.The ______was a time, beginning in the 1830s, where social reformers pushed for a better-developed, tax-funded, secular public school system that allowed students from varying backgrounds to attend.Common School Movement
10.Reconstruction was a time of great ______, incredible ______and ______efforts after the civil war. Hope, change, rebuilding
11.Reconstruction turned out to be a political, social and economicchange that ______to fulfill its promises and left the US with problems of poverty and discrimination that still has an effect on us today.failed
12.The Reconstruction Period lasted about ______years. 12
•______was one of the most unfortunate Presidentsduring this period. Andrew Johnson
•______in Congress, very much against him and were ruthless in their tactics. Johnson was no match for them.Radical republicans
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13.The “Radicals” passed the ______of 1866, which established Negroes as American citizens and forbade discrimination against them.Civil Rights Act
14.A few months later Congress submitted to the states the ______Amendment, which specified that no state should "deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."14th
15.Many southern states passed ______as a way to keep freed slaves inferiorsocially, politically, and economically. These replaced former slave codes as they denied the rights of African Americans. Black Codes
16.Black codes Prohibited African Americans from traveling freely, owning ______property, owning _____and ______.Personal, guns, voting
17.______was not in favor of this amendment and campaigned against it.Johnson
18.By 1874, ______had regained control of their state governments through fraud, intimidation, and violence.White southern democrats
19. Many white Southerners did not believe ______should have full and equal rights during Reconstruction.African Americans
20.New laws passed in the 1890’s had African Americans attending separate schools and churches.
These new laws were called the ______Laws.Jim Crow
21.The Jim Crow laws were the beginning of ______(separation) of the two races. Segregation
22.These laws suggested a “______” society. Separate but equal
23.Jim Crow was not a ______, yet affected the lives of millions of people. Person
24.African Americans:
•Could ______with their families and create a network of ______in which to build their community around. Reunite, churches
•Were considered ______. citizens
•Had the right to ______.vote
•Attended freedom______. schools
•Could be (and were) elected into government positions
•Had hopes for ______. land
•Could leave the plantations
•Became ______. sharecroppers
25.Poor Southerners
•Known as ______.“Scalawags”
•Cooperated with the Republican government to gain some kind of power
•Had a political voice for the first time since they cooperated with the Radical Republican government in the South.
•Became ______also, since they didn’t own land or have lots of money. Sharecroppers
26.The13th Amendment ended ______everywhere.Slavery
27.The 14th Amendment:
•Recognized citizenship of______Americans. African
•Gave rights to all citizens for due process and equal protection of the law
28.The 15th Amendment:
•All men have the right to ______no matter their race, creed, or previous condition of servitude.vote
•While the 15th Amendment gave all menthe right to vote, it did NOT include voting rights for ______.women