English 9HName______

Mrs. ZarnasPeriod______Date______

SUBORINATE and INDEPENDENT CLAUSES

Identify each underlined clause as independent or subordinate.

  1. When my family went to New York last summer, we visited the Theodore Roosevelt museum.
  1. The museum has been established in the house where Roosevelt was born.
  1. It is located in the basement floor of Roosevelt’s birthplace, which is on East Twentieth Street.
  1. The museum contains book, letters, and documents that pertain to Roosevelt’s public life.
  1. There are mounted heads of animals, a stuffed lion, and zebra skins from the day when Roosevelt was hunting big game in Africa.
  1. Because Roosevelt was once a cowboy, there are also branding irons and chaps.
  1. Before Theodore Roosevelt became President, he gained fame in the Spanish-American War.
  1. During that war he led the Rough Riders, who made the famous charge up San Juan Hill.
  1. Trophies that Roosevelt received during his life are on exhibit in the museum.

10. The Roosevelt Memorial Association, which established the museum, charges a nominal admission fee to visitors.

ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

For each of the sentences below, do the following:

  1. Underline the adjective clause.
  2. Circle the relative pronoun (if there is one).
  3. Draw an arrow to the word that the clause modifies.

Be careful—some sentences may not contain an adjective clause.

  1. Both dogs that he had trained won blue ribbons.
  1. The same people who had copied her math homework now failed the big test.
  1. Which student in Mrs. Hawkins’ period three class got the best grades?
  1. The idea that we should not have class on Fridays is appealing to most students.
  1. Whose name has the teacher called?
  1. The man whom Patrick asked for directions did not hear him.
  1. Please lend me the new Justin Bieber CD you bought.
  1. That is the house where all of the construction has been completed.
  1. On which day is the grammar test?
  1. That kind of thinking frustrates me.
  1. The bathroom where all of the girls hang out between classes began to smell like hairspray and perfume.
  1. The grammar book that was printed in 1977 was covered in mold.
  1. Whose gym bag is on the floor?
  1. Andrea, who likes to write on the board, volunteered to keep score for the review basketball game.
  1. That is not the point, sir!
  1. The students who sit in the back of the classroom sometimes fall asleep.
  1. The committee that made that recommendation presented the award to Caitlin.
  1. Whose house will we visit next?
  1. The person whom you met is Amanda’s friend.
  1. Is that the test you failed?

Now, write 5 sentences. Each sentence should contain an adjective clause.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

ADVERB CLAUSES

For each sentence, please do the following:

  1. Underline the adverb clause, labeling the subject and the verb of each clause.
  2. Circle the subordinating conjunction in each sentence.
  3. Identify the question that is being answered by the clause.
  4. Draw an arrow to the word that each clause modifies.
  1. I will not go to the movies with you unless you buy me soda, popcorn, and candy.
  1. Erica will find the almanacs where the other reference books are shelved.
  1. Erin goes swimming whenever she gets the chance.
  1. After you have beaten the eggs, slowly add the dry ingredients to make Mr. Vincent a batch of cookies.
  1. The washer will stop if the door is opened.
  1. Residents of the quiet suburban neighborhood have been urged by the mayor to conserve water until the shortage ends.
  1. His pictures came out badly because the film was torn slightly.
  1. We had a good time at the picnic even though we were attacked by an angry swarm of bumblebees.
  1. No one may enter the studio while the red light is on.
  1. A tire blew out as the jet taxied to the runway.
  1. We arrived at the bus station as our bus was beginning to pull away onto the highway.
  1. The movie, Spiderman and Superman: Best Friends Reunited, had already started when Mr. Borysowski arrived.
  1. Because we had to get up at 4:30 in the morning, we went to bed before American Idol was over.
  1. Whenever it was possible, the guide planted trees.
  1. Denise arrived at the concert after the band had left.
  1. Will you move the couch when you have time?
  1. Because the music in the stadium was so loud, Katie got a piercing headache that made her nauseous.
  1. No one came to the party since Dave forgot to mail the invitations.
  1. Did you see my sister at the mall when you were in Williamsport?
  1. My ride came before I had finished breakfast.

Fill in the chart, determining how to tell the difference between an adjective and an adverb clause.

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE / ADVERB CLAUSE
What type of word does it modify?
What is it introduced by?
What question does this clause answer?
Where can the clause appear in the sentence?

NOUN CLAUSES

Underline the noun clause in each of the following sentences. On the line before each sentence, identify how the clause is being used in the sentence.

(S = subject, PN = predicate nominative, DO = direct object, IO = indirect object, OP = object of the preposition).

  1. _____ I said that I would bring the pasta salad to my cousin’s picnic.
  1. _____ The scientists were given an award for what they had accomplished.
  1. _____ That it will not clear before morning seems evident.
  1. _____ Whoever spilled the soda on the floor left in a hurry.
  1. _____ We sent whomever we contacted a letter of appreciation.
  1. _____ Serve me whatever that guy with the bib is eating.
  1. _____ That is what Roy wants.
  1. _____ I believe that service to others brings joy.
  1. _____ That he had solved the math problem seemed clear.
  1. _____ We were grateful for what they were able to contribute.
  1. _____ Lyric poetry is what I like best.
  1. _____ That he possessed wisdom was apparent.
  1. _____ We do not question how you rule.
  1. _____ The problem with the new club is that we have no leader.
  1. _____ Dr. Pickle gave whoever attended his fascinating lecture a fountain pen.
  1. _____ Did you know who had written the note with all of the curse words in it?
  1. _____ Whoever had slept in the car had left it in good order.
  1. _____ Jonathan simply could not remember what he had been told.
  1. _____ The explorer told us stories about how the Alaskan winds had buffeted the people.
  1. _____ Our representative will be whoever shows the most initiative.
  1. _____ That no one had cut the grass for two weeks was apparent.
  1. _____ Whatever the doctor orders is to be done.
  1. _____ Too many speeches have already been given about how you should use the days ahead.
  1. _____ I think that we can finish cleaning the house by Tuesday.
  1. _____ The leather jacket was exactly what Jim had asked for this Christmas.

Directions: Write 5 sentences that meet the following criteria.

1 with a noun clause as a subject

1 with a noun clause as a predicate nominative

1 with a noun clause as a direct object

1 with a noun clause as an indirect object

1 with a noun clause as the object of the preposition

SUBORDINATE CLAUSE REVIEW

Identify whether the underlined subordinate clause in each sentence functions as an ADJECTIVE, ADVERB, or NOUN clause.

  1. ______When he auditioned for the leading role in the school play, he felt his stomach twist into knots.
  1. ______Henner Free was an immigrant who believed that America was the land of opportunity.
  1. ______While he was painting, Rembrandt could concentrate completely.
  1. ______The belligerent student did not listen to what the teacher was saying.
  1. ______We pitied the little boy whom everyone had ridiculed.
  1. ______Algebra, which was first used by the Arabs, was brought to Europe during the Crusades.
  1. ______Little Billy was allowed to go outside and play after he finished his math homework.
  1. ______The bouquet was presented to the opera singer, whom everyone was applauding wildly.
  1. ______English is what any normal person likes best in school.
  1. ______The college student knew that he was not getting enough sleep to function normally

Underline the subordinate clause in each of the following sentences. Then, identify whether the clause is an adjective, adverb, or noun.

  1. My cousin, who enjoys practical jokes, put pepper on my popcorn.
  1. He who knows nothing about the topic does not have “a right to his own opinion”.
  1. Margaret knows what our secret is.
  1. I am glad that you are coming to my Superbowl party next weekend.
  1. The champion of the boxing competition will be whoever fights best.
  1. Mike often sends flowers to whoever is sick.
  1. As the strangers talked, the icy distance between them gradually melted.
  1. Steven did well on the test that covered yesterday’s assignment.
  1. I will attend my college roommate’s wedding if it takes place this Saturday.
  1. Because she felt dizzy, Rebecca sat down for a while.

OPTIONAL: If you are still having trouble, try a few more exercises.

  1. My cousin Maria often tells stories about what she used to do at camp.
  1. I fell madly in love with the artist who lives next door to me.
  1. Columbus knew that the world was round.
  1. We will be coming over for dinner at seven unless my aunt changes her mind.
  1. Across the street is the yellow house with the blue shutters where I was born.
  1. Dan will give whoever is interested his tickets to the Nelly concert.
  1. Whoever saw Kara sail through space that day will never forget how she turned a flip in midair and then landed safely on her feet.
  1. My sister slept in much later than I did.
  1. This is the dress that I want desperately.
  1. The paroled prisoner visited the couple whose car he had stolen.

CLASSIFYING SENTENCES BY STRUCTURE

Types / Independent / Subordinate
Simple / 1 / 0
Compound / 2+ / 0
Complex / 1 / 1+
Compound-Complex / 2+ / 1+

Follow the steps listed below to classify each of the sentences on the sheet.

  1. I expect to get the contract, and I will do the best work that I can.

List the clauses:

Label each clause as INDEPENDENT or SUBORDINATE:

How many independent clauses are there?

How many subordinate clauses are there?

Type of Sentence:

  1. Tom is aware of your objections, for he has seen your notes about his proposal to the board.

List the clauses:

Label each clause as INDEPENDENT or SUBORDINATE:

How many independent clauses are there?

How many subordinate clauses are there?

Type of Sentence:

  1. Severely tested by an hour of all-out soccer practice, the girls had shown their excellent conditioning.

List the clauses:

Label each clause as INDEPENDENT or SUBORDINATE:

How many independent clauses are there?

How many subordinate clauses are there?

Type of Sentence:

  1. The high-frequency filter cuts down record noise and the hiss that tapes generate, but it cannot eliminate them completely.

List the clauses:

Label each clause as INDEPENDENT or SUBORDINATE:

How many independent clauses are there?

How many subordinate clauses are there?

Type of Sentence:

Label the clauses in each sentence and identify the sentence structure (simple, compound, complex, compound-complex).

  1. ______The hamburger came from Hamburg, Germany, and the frankfurter came from Frankfurt.
  1. ______The idea of placing meat on a bun, however, came from the United States.
  1. _____ When the hamburger first arrived in the United States, it was eaten almost raw.
  1. ______The French still prefer rare meat, but the Germans eat raw hamburger meat.
  1. ______Hamburger first became popular among German immigrants who lived in Cincinnati.
  1. ______Hamburger wasn’t placed between halves of a bun until early this century.
  1. ______Officially, the first hamburger sandwich appeared in 1904 in St. Louis, Missouri, which was also the birthplace of the ice-cream cone.
  1. ______Today the frankfurter is not so popular, but the hamburger is on the rise.
  1. ______Chopped meat now accounts for about 30 percent of all meat sales.
  1. ______Scientists are working on the hamburger, and it may change drastically in the future because it may be made of soybeans or cotton!

CLAUSE/SENTENCE PRACTICE EXAM

Part I: Clauses

Directions- Look at each underline portion of the sentence. Determine when it is an independent clause, subordinate clause, or not a clause at all. Darken the appropriate letter.

A. IndependentB. Subordinate C. Not a clause

_____1. After I graduated high school, I attended a four-year college.

_____ 2. Yvonne enjoys hiking because it is good exercise.

_____3. You should always brush your teeth before school.

PART II: Subordinate Clause Types

Directions- Locate the subordinate clause in each sentence and identify it using the letters. Some sentences may NOT contain any subordinate clauses! Darken the appropriate letter.

A. Adjective Clause B. Adverb Clause C. Noun Clause D. no subordinate clause

_____ 4. The city where I live is very large.

_____ 5. When she was leaving the theatre, she dropped her gloves.

_____ 6. I do very well in school, although I am not a genius.

_____ 7. Whoever can spell best will be the winner of the annual spelling

PART III: Rules

Directions- Using the letters, identify where the statement is true or false.

A. TrueB. False

_____ 8. Because is a subordinating conjunction.

_____9. Every sentence must contain at least one subordinate clause.

_____10. Where is a relative pronoun.

PART IV: Noun Clauses and their functions

Directions-Using the letters, identify the function of the underlines noun clauses.

A. SubjectB. Direct object C. Indirect object

D. Predicate nominative E. object of the preposition

_____11. What I like at a rodeo is the excitement

_____12. My cousin Maria often tells stories about what she has done at rodeos.

_____13. She will give whoever is interested an exciting account of her adventures.

_____14. In Arizona all the other riders knew that “Five Minutes till Might” was too dangerous a horse to ride.

_____15. That she had the courage to ride the wild horse was what Maria wanted to prove to everyone.

PART V: Sentence Types

Directions-Classify the sentence as being simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.

A. SimpleB. CompoundC. ComplexD. Compound-Complex

_____ 5. From what language does the word chauffeur come?

_____ 6.Perhaps you correctly guessed that chauffeur is a French word, but do you know anything

about the history of the word?

_____ 7. Actually, chauffeur is originally derived from the Latin word calefacere, which means “to

make hot.”

_____ 8. During its early history, the automobile was often a steam-driven vehicle.

_____ 9. The French teased the professional drive of the car by calling his a chauffeur, or stoker.

_____ 10. Of course, the chauffeur is no longer a fireman or stoker, but the name has remained

with him.

Answers can be found on my webpage: 9H 2nd semester

(under Grammar/Clauses/Practice Test)

CLAUSE/SENTENCE EXAM REVIEW

The following exercises are set up in the same format as your upcoming grammar test. For each sentence, do the following:

  1. Classify the sentence as being simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex.
  2. Identify all of the SUBORDINATE clauses in each sentence and identify those clauses as being either NOUN, ADJECTIVE, or ADVERB.
  3. If the clause is an ADJECTIVE or an ADVERB, draw an arrow to the word that it modifies.
  4. If the clause is a NOUN, identify it as being a subject, predicate nominative, direct object, indirect object, or object of the preposition.
  1. _____ As he diligently worked on his grammar review, the boy with the 4.0 G.P.A. realized that classifying sentences by structure was actually quite easy.
  1. _____Shawn gets a headache whenever he rides in an airplane; however, he finds that it is the quickest way to get from place to place.
  1. _____The answer to the algebra equation is whatever Eric says it is.
  1. _____ Rachael’s brother, who is somewhat loud and obnoxious, is actually a lot of fun because he tells such entertaining jokes.
  1. _____ The new novel must sell a number of copies to be accepted, and it will hopefully become a potential candidate for an upcoming movie.
  1. _____ While Katie practiced her dance routine, she felt that this may finally be her chance to shine and to become a star.
  1. _____ Give whoever is late to class a late pass.
  1. _____ On the floor of the classroom is a note from a girl to her boyfriend about the big test she just failed.
  1. _____ That is a film which does not interest me in the least.
  1. _____Elizabeth Bennet, who is a character from Pride and Prejudice, can be considered a Romantic hero because she displays such strong independence.
  1. _____ A math teacher should be available whenever I am doing my homework so that he can help me with any problems that may arise.
  1. _____ If you believe in ghosts, then that old house might be the place to visit.

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