Name: ______Block: ____ Date: ____ Mrs. Stone
Study Guide: Chapter 7
Prentice Hall Biology
Practical Biology
Directions: On a separate piece of paper, answer the following questions in complete sentences.
Section 7-1
1. What common structure makes up every living thing?
2. Describe the first time a scientist observed cells, what was the name of the scientist who discovered them and why did they name them cells?
3. What three statements describe the cell theory?
4. What two parts do all cells have in common?
5. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (you should have 2 similarities and at least 3 differences.)
Section 7-2
6. Define organelle.
7. Look at figure 7-6. What structures do plant and animal cells have in common. What structures are different?
8. Use the attached table and draw a picture of each organelle listed, describe both the structure (what the organelle is made of) and function (what jobs the organelle does) for each organelle.
9. You examine an unknown cell under the microscope and discover that the cell contains chloroplasts. What type of organism could you infer that the cell came from?
Section 7-3
10. Draw a picture of the cell membrane label the lipid bilayer, protein channel and carbohydrate chains (use figure 7-12).
11. What are the main jobs of the cell membrane?
12. What is the main job of the cell wall in plants? What is the cell wall made of?
13. What happens during diffusion?
14. Define equilibrium.
15. Define selectively permeable.
16. What is osmosis?
17. Define isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic.
18. What structures protect plant and bacterial cells from potential damage resulting from osmotic pressure?
19. What would happen if an animal cell in an isotonic solution were placed in pure water?
20. Define facilitated diffusion.
21. Define active transport.
22. Does active transport occur up or down a concentration gradient?
23. Define endocytosis. What are two types of endocytosis, define them.
24. Define exocytosis.
25. Compare and contrast active transport, passive transport, osmosis, and diffusion.
Section 7-4
26. What is cell specialization?
27. What are the four levels of organization in multicellular organisms?
28. How are unicellular organisms similar to multicelluar organisms?
Number 11
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (describe rough and smooth)
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Drawing / Structure / Function
Vacuoles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Cytoskeleton
Centrioles
Cell membrane (p. 182)