Senior Science, Volcanoes
1 Which of the following is NOT a major volcano cone type?
a. cinder cone
b. mantle plume
c. composite
d. shield
2 What is an area of volcanic activity far from a tectonic plate boundary?
a. Hot spot
b. Island arc
c. Mantle plume
d. Cone
3 Where do most volcanoes occur?
a. Randomly
b. Along divergent boundaries
c. Along convergent boundaries
d. Far from tectonic plate boundaries
4 Volcanic island arcs are associated with what type of plate boundary?
a. Divergent boundary
b. Convergent oceanic-oceanic boundary
c. Convergent oceanic-continental boundary
d. Convergent continental-continental boundary
5 Which type of volcano would be the least explosive?
a. stratovolcano
b. composite cone
c. shield volcano
d. cinder one
6 What type of volcanism is associated with the Hawaiian Islands?
a. Subduction zone volcanism
b. Intraplate volcanism at a hot spot
c. Volcanism at a divergent plate boundary
d. Volcanism at a convergent plate boundary
7 Lava from volcanoes that erupt under water cools rapidly. This may result in the formation of which rounded structure?
a. Gabbros
b. Shield volcano
c. Pillow lava
d. Black smokers
8 An opening on the earth’s surface through which molten rock flows and the material that builds up around the opening together form a ______.
a. Trench
b. Volcano
c. Subduction zone
d. Convergent boundary
9 A broad volcanic feature formed by quiet eruptions on thin lava flows is called a
a. Rift
b. Cinder cone
c. Strato-volcano
d. Shield zone
10 Which of the following formations would most likely result from a single violent volcanic eruption?
a. Vent
b. Caldera
c. Cinder cone
d. Shield volcano
11 What is formed when a magma chamber empties and collapses?
a. A vent
b. A crater
c. A fissure
d. A caldera
12 Before a volcanic eruption, seismic activity seems to ______.
a. increase in both frequency and intensity
b. decrease in both frequency and intensity
c. increase in frequency and decrease in intensity
d. decrease in frequency and increase in intensity
13 Volcanic belts form along
a. islands in the Pacific Ocean.
b. North American mountain ranges.
c. the boundaries of Earth’s plates.
d. the coast of Antarctica.
14 The formation of the Hawaiian Islands is one example of
a. volcanoes forming over a hot spot.
b. volcanoes forming along plate boundaries.
c. the Ring of Fire.
d. continental drift.
15 The viscosity of magma depends upon its silica content and its ______.
a. pahoehoe
b. temperature
c. magnetism
d. pyroclastic flow
16 What is the long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth’s surface?
a. vent
b. side vent
c. pipe
d. crater
17 If a volcano’s magma is high in silica, the volcano will probably ______.
a. erupt quietly
b. remain dormant
c. erupt explosively
d. produce dark-colored lava
18 What is pahoehoe?
a. Cooler, slower-moving lava
b. Fast-moving, hot lava
c. Volcanic ash
d. Lava that is carrying a lot of debris
19 What is it called when groundwater is heated by magma, then rises to the surface and collects in a natural pool?
a. Hot spring
b. Geyser
c. Vent
d. Pyroclastic flow
20 In volcanic areas, what is groundwater heated by magma a source of?
a. Lava flows
b. Silica
c. Geothermal energy
d. Pyroclastic flows
21 Which of the following volcano hazards is made up of rocky particles about the size of a grain of sand?
a. Volcanic bombs
b. Pahoehoe
c. Volcanic cinders
d. Volcanic ash
22 What is the main hazard from a quiet volcanic eruption?
a. Volcanic gases
b. Lava flows
c. Geysers
d. Pyroclastic flows
23 Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash are called ______.
a. shield volcanoes
b. cinder cone volcanoes
c. composite volcanoes
d. lava plateaus
24 When many layers of thin, runny lava build up a high, level area, what is the result?
a. Lava plateau
b. Shield volcano
c. Cinder cone volcano
d. Composite volcano
25 Which type of rock would you expect to form as the result of an explosive eruption?
a. Pahoehoe
b. Granite
c. Pumice
d. Morganite
26 What is the landform that forms when a mass of hardened magma is uplifted, causing the layers of rock to bend upward?
a. Volcanic neck
b. Mesa
c. Lava plateau
d. Dome mountain
27 What is the major ingredient of magma?
a. Pahoehoe
b. Silica
c. Gases
d. Obsidian
28 What triggers the small earthquakes that occur around a volcano before an eruption?
a. Upward movement of magma
b. Pyroclastic flow
c. Cooling magma inside the crust
d. Plate tectonics
29 What is lava called before it reaches the surface?
a. Rock
b. Magma
c. Volcanic ash
d. Liquid fire
30 The volcanoes along converging oceanic plate boundaries may form a(n) ______.
a. hot spot
b. mid-ocean ridge
c. island arc
d. subducting plate
31 A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust is called a ______.
a. neck
b. dike
c. lava plateau
d. batholith
32 What do we call a volcano that may erupt again at some time in the future?
a. Active
b. Dormant
c. Explosive
d. Extinct
33 The huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain is called a ______.
a. lava plateau
b. caldera
c. cinder cone
d. shield volcano
34 If geologists detect many small earthquakes in the area near a volcano, what can they infer about the volcano?
a. It is dormant.
b. It is probably about to erupt.
c. It is extinct.
d. It is a good source of geothermal energy.
35 Several kilometers from a volcano, a geologist observes an old lava flow made up of dark-colored basalt rock. The geologist infers that the lava must have had ______.
a. high silica content
b. high viscosity
c. low viscosity
d. medium viscosity
36 When ash, cinders, and bombs build up in a steep pile around a volcano’s vent, what is the result?
a. Cinder cone volcano
b. Shield volcano
c. Composite volcano
d. Dormant volcano
37 When magma hardens in a volcano’s pipe, the result will eventually be a landform called a
a. batholith.
b. dike.
c. volcanic neck.
d. sill.
38 What provides the force that causes magma to erupt to the surface?
a. The silica in the magma
b. Dissolved gases trapped in the magma
c. Gravity in the lithosphere
d. The density of the magma
39 Which of the following helps to determine how easily magma flows?
a. The amount of silica in the magma
b. The diameter of the pipe
c. The size of the crater
d. The number of vents on the volcano
40 What is the name of the mass of rock that forms when magma cools inside the Earth’s crust?
a. Dike
b.Sill
c. Caldera
d. Batholith
41 A quiet eruption may produce slow moving, cooler lava that hardens to form rough chunks. What is this type of lava is called?
a. Magma
b. Volcanic rock
c. Morganite
d. aa
42 What is a shield volcano made of?
a. Oceanic crust
b. Ash and cinders
c. Basic lava
d. Acidic lava
43 What can be formed at a convergent boundary?
a. Cinder cone volcano
b. Vent
c. Shield volcano
d. New crust
44 What happens at divergent boundaries?
a. The sea floor spreads and magma rises up to fill the gap, forming oceanic ridges and submarine volcanoes.
b. Magma rises up and heat up the surrounding water to form tsunamis.
c. A gap is formed and surrounding water rushes in to cool the magma into a lower layer of crust.
d. A gap is formed and heat from the core of the earth creates hot springs and geysers.
45 Which of these is NOT typical of a stratovolcano?
a. Many types of low viscosity lava
b. One type of very low viscosity lava
c. One type of very viscous lava
d. Layered appearance with lakars and debris flows
46 Which of the following is an example of a stratovolcano?
a. Sunset Crater
b. Mauna Kia
c. Mauna Loa
d. Mt. Etna
47 Which of the following is true of a flank eruption?
a. It must tap the main magma source
b. It may tap the main magma source
c. It taps magma from a secondary source
d. It produces a different type of magma from the main cone
48 Where can volcanoes form?
a. Underwater
b. On land
c. Between tectonic plates
d. All of the above
49 What are two greenhouse gases released by volcanoes?
a. sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide
b. sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride
c. hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide
d. carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide
50 What is the world’s largest shield volcano?
a. Mt. St. Helens
b. Mt. Etna
c. Mauna Loa
d. Mt. Agua
51 Which type of volcano has gentle slopes?
a. Shield volcano
b. Stratovolcano
c. Scoria cone volcano
d. Splatter cone volcano
52 Where is cold, denser mantle found?
a. A mid-oceanic ridge
b. A mid-oceanic trench
c. A mid-oceanic geyser
d. A mid-oceanic bridge
53 What are volcanic gasses that escape through a hole in the side of a volcano?
a. Parasitic cone
b. Fumerole
c. Summit crater
d. Magma chamber
54 Where is volcanism least present?
a. divergent plate boundary
b. convergent plate boundary
c. transform plate boundary
d. adduction plate boundary
55 Which of the following is a type of volcano that has gentle lower slopes, but steep upper slopes?
a. shield volcano
b. stratovolcano
c. scoria cone volcano
d. splatter cone volcano
56 What does spreading center volcanism produce?
a. green smokers
b. mid-oceanic ridges
c. mid-continental ridges
d. geysers
57 What is a batholith?
a. A massive pluton that cools slowly
b. The first stage in the formation of metamorphic rocks
c. Usually generates fine textured igneous rocks
d. A moderate size pluton that forms just below the Earth's surface
58 Divergent plate boundaries are characteristic of what?
a. Seafloor spreading centers
b. All plate boundaries
c. Lateral motions of plates
d. Collision zones of compression between plates
59 Which of the following is true of volcanic activity in the Hawaiian Islands?
a. It is descriptive of magma generated by plate subduction.
b. It produces andesite-type volcanoes.
c. It is illustrative of magma generate at a mid-ocean rift zone.
d. It results from magma intrusion through ocean crust that has been moving across the top of a hot-spot magma convection flow.
60 Which of the following is true of a laccolith?
a. It usually cools more rapidly than a batholith.
b. It usually is larger in size than a batholith.
c. It is illustrated by the local hot-spot landforms of the Hawaiian Islands.
d. It represents a place where extrusive igneous rocks form.
61 Where do the youngest rocks at the Earth's surface tend to be located?
a. On major mountain range where the crust is thickest
b. Near the midocean ridge
c. Near ocean trenches where subduction is occurring
d. The to shield region of North America
62 Shiprock, New Mexico, formed from lava solidifying in the "throat" of a volcano. Today, the exposed sharp spire is called a ______.
a. batholith
b. dike
c. volcanic neck
d. sill
63 Mount Fuji, Mount Rainier, and Mount Shasta are all
a. composite volcanoes.
b. lava domes.
c. shield volcanoes.
d. cinder cones.
64 A caldera forms
a. over a batholith.
b. from the collapse of a laccolith.
c. from the intrusion of a dike.
d. from the collapse of a volcanic crater.
65 A volcano which is composed of lava flows and pyroclastic material and which is steep- sided and very tall is known as:
a. Syncline
b. Composite cone
c. Anticline
d. none of these
66 The solidified lava of a volcano belongs to which rock family?
a. igneous
b. metamorphic
c. sedimentary
d. fossilized
67 Iceland has a great deal of volcanic activity. Why is this?
a. It was formed above a mid-ocean rift.
b. It is part of the "Ring of Fire".
c. Two tectonic plates are rubbing against each other under Iceland.
d. The American plate is diving under the European plate in this region.
68 Which of the following was the Roman god of fire?
a. Jupiter
b. Neptune
c. Vulcan
d. Ceres
69 In what year did Mt. Vesuvius erupt?
a. AD 26
b. AD 32
c. AD 79
d. AD 113
70 Which of the following volcanoes in Italy is not active?
a. Mt. Vesuvius
b. Vulsini
c. Mt. Etna
d. Stromboli
71 What results when an oceanic plate subducts under another oceanic plate?
a. Island-arc volcano
b. Rift volcano
c. Spreading center
d. Continental rift zone
72 What results when plates move away from each other, spreading or splitting the earth’s surface?
a. Island-arc volcano
b. Rift volcano
c. Continental rift zone
d. Anticline
73 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cinder cone volcano?
a. Made up of ash and cinders
b. Mainly explosive volcanoes
c. Steep cone-shaped hills
d. Relatively large in size
74 Stratovolcanoes can also be called ______volcanoes.
a. cinder cone
b. shield
c. composite
d. lava dome
75 Which type of volcano is formed when rapid streams of lava spread and then cool, forming smooth, gentle slops?
a. cinder cone
b. shield
c. composite
d. lava dome
76 When lava is so viscous that it mounds over the vent without flowing away, what forms?
a. cinder cone
b. shield
c. composite
d. lava dome
77 Which of the following is a type of mudflow or debris flow composed of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water?
a. Lava
b. Pumice
c. Lahar
d. Magma
78 Which of the following is a light, porous volcanic rock that forms during explosive eruptions?
a. Lava
b. Pumice
c. Lahar
d. Magma
79 What is the world’s largest active volcano?
a. Mauna Loa