HOORAY FORMolarity, Molality, & Dilutions?
Molarity (M)
1.) What is the molarity of a solution in which 58.5 grams of NaCl are dissolved in 1.0 L of solution?
2.) What is the molarity of a solution in which 10.0 grams of AgNO3 is dissolved in 500. mL of solution?
3.) How many grams of KNO3 should be used to prepare 2.00 L or a 0.500 M solution?
4.) To what volume should 5.0 grams of KCl be diluted in order to prepare a 0.25 M solution?
5.) How many grams of CuSO4 are needed to prepare 100. mL of a 0.10 M solution?
Molality (m)
1.) What is the molality of a solution in which 3.0 moles of NaCl are dissolved in 1.5 kilograms of water?
2.) What is the molality of a solution in which 25 grams of NaCl is dissolved in 2.0 kilograms of water?
3.) What is the molality of a solution in which 15 grams of I2 is dissolved in 500. grams of alcohol?
4.) How many grams of I2 should be added to 750 grams of CCl4 to prepare a 0.020 m solution?
5.) How much water should be added to 5.00 grams of KCl to prepare a 0.500 m solution?
Dilutions
1.) How much concentrated 18 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is needed to prepare 250 mL of a 6.0 M solution?
2.) How much concentrated 12 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) is needed to prepare 100. mL of a 2.0 M solution?
3.) To what volume should 25 mL of 15 M nitric acid (HNO3) be diluted to prepare a 3.0 M solution?
4.) To what volume should 50. mL of 12 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) be diluted to produce a 4.0 M solution?
5.) To what volume should 100. mL of 18 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) be diluted to prepare a 1.5 M solution?
HAVING FUN WITH SOLUBILITY CURVES
* Use the solubility curve in your reference table to answer the following questions.*
1.) Which compound is least soluble at 20 oC? At 80 oC?
2.) Which substance is the most soluble at 10 oC? At 50 oC? At 90 oC?
3.) The solubility of which substance is most affected by changes in temperature?
4.) The solubility of which substance is least affected by changes in temperature?
5.) A solution is prepared by adding 50 grams of KNO3 to 100 grams of water at 50 oC. Is this solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated?
6.) A solution is prepared by adding 100 grams of NaNO3 to 100 grams of water at 80 oC. Is this solution saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated?
8.) For each of the following, tell whether the solution described is saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated. (Assume all are dissolved in 100 grams of water.)
(A) 50 grams of KCl at 80 oC______
(B) 65 grams of NH4Cl at 70 oC______
(C) 90 grams of KNO3 at 60 oC______
9.) NH3 is a gas. Describe what happens to its solubility as the temperature goes from 20 oC to 80 oC.
10.) Which two substances have the same solubility at 68 oC? What is the solubility?
11.) Which two substances have the same solubility at 94 oC? What is the solubility?
12.) For each of the following, indicate the temperature at which the solution described would be saturated. (Assume all are dissolved in 100 grams of water.)
(A) 30 grams of NH4Cl______
(B) 130 grams of NaNO3______
(C) 50 grams of Na2SO4______
(D) 20 grams of KNO3______
(E) 40 grams of KCl______
(F) 60 grams of NH3______
13.) For each of the following, indicate how many grams of solute (per 100 grams of water) will dissolve.
(A) NaNO3 at 70 oC______
(B) NH4Cl at 50 oC______
(C) KI at 20 oC______
(D) KClO3 at 90 oC______
14.) At 80 oC, you have a saturated solution of KClO3. How many grams of solid precipitate will form if the solution is cooled to 50 oC?
25.) How many grams of NaNO3 precipitate will form if a saturated solution at 70 oC is cooled to 10 oC?
USING SOLUBILITY RULES AND LOVING EVERY MINUTE OF IT!
Part 1 - Indicate whether the following compounds are soluble (aq) or insoluble (s).
___ 1. KClO3 ___ 7. BaS
___ 2. Ca(C2H3O2)2 ___ 8. (NH4)2SO3
___ 3. Al2S3 ___ 9. ZnCO3
___ 4. CuSO4 ___ 10. Fe3(PO4)2
___ 5. AgNO3 ___ 11. PbBr2
___ 6. AgCl ___ 12. CuS
Part 2 - In the following double replacement reactions, place (aq) beside the soluble product and (s) beside the precipitating (insoluble) product.
1. KCl (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) --> KNO3 + AgCl
2. CuSO4 (aq) + Pb(C2H3O2)2 (aq) --> Cu(C2H3O2)2 + PbSO4
3. NH4Cl (aq) + AgClO3 (aq) --> AgCl + NH4ClO3
4. KNO3 (aq) + NaOH (aq) --> NaNO3 + KOH
5. FeCl3 (aq) + Na3PO4 (aq) -->
6. Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + K2CO3 (aq) -->
7. Na2S (aq) + ZnCl2 (aq) -->
Part 3 - Give an example of each of the following. Make sure you write the formula correctly!
1. an insoluble sulfide ______6. a soluble phosphate ______
2. an insoluble chloride ______7. an insoluble sulfate ______
3. a soluble sulfide ______8. a soluble carbonate ______
4. a soluble sulfate ______9. an insoluble nitrate ______
5. an insoluble bromide ______10. a soluble sulfite ______