NEWARK PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Curriculum Guide:
LAW ENFORCEMENT AND PUBLIC SAFETY III
NEWARK PUBLIC SCHOOLS
SCHOOL ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS
2013-2014
Ms. Antoinette Baskerville-Richardson, Chairperson
Mr. Marques-Aquil Lewis, Vice Chairperson
Mr. Rashon K. Hasan
Mr. Alturrick Kenney
Ms. Eliana Pintor Marin
Ms. DeNiqua Matias
Dr. Rashied McCreary
Ms. Ariagna Perello
Mr. Khalil Sabu Rashidi
Mr. Jordan Thomas, Student Representative
NEWARK PUBLIC SCHOOLS ADMINISTRATION
2013-2014
Cami Anderson, State District Superintendent
Chief of Staff & General Counsel: Charlotte Hitchcock
Assistant Superintendent: Mitchell Center
Assistant Superintendent: Brad Haggerty
Assistant Superintendent: Tiffany Hardrick
Assistant Superintendent: Roger Leon
Assistant Superintendent: Aqua Stovall
Assistant Superintendent: Peter Turnamian
Special Assistant, Office of Curriculum and Instruction: Caleb Perkins
School Business Administrator: Valerie Wilson
NEWARK PUBLIC SCHOOLS
SCHOOL ADVISORY BOARD
Program and Instruction Committee
Ms. DeNiqua Matias
Dr. Rashied McCreary
Ms. Ariagna Perello
Mr. Khalil Rashidi
Dr. Caleb Perkins, NPS Special Assistant of Curriculum
Valerie Merritt, NPS Director of Board Relations
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Course Description 5
Recommended Textbooks/Resources 6
Course Proficiencies 7
Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE 13
Part 1: Introduction: Definition, Scope of and History of Forensic Science 13
Part 2: The Crime Scene: Functions and Types of Forensic Scientists and Labs 15
Unit 2: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE 17
Part 3: Physical Properties: Glass, Soil and Sand 17
Part 4: Hairs, Fibers, and Paint: Trace Evidence: Hair and Fiber 19
Part 5: Fingerprints: Prints, Tracks and Toolmarks 21
Part 6: Document and Voice Examination: Document and Handwriting 23
Part 7: Forensic Aspects of Arson and Explosion: Arson and Explosion 24
Part 8: Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions: Ballistics and Firearms 25
Part 9: Drugs & Forensic Toxicology 26
Unit 3: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE 28
Part 10: Forensic Serology. 28
Part 11: DNA: The Indispensable Forensic Science Tool 30
Part 12: Entomology 31
Part 13: Anthropology 32
Part 14: Odontology 34
APPENDIX A: Common Core State Standards Applicable to LPS III 36
APPENDIX B: Activities 42
THE NEWARK PUBLIC SCHOOLS DISTRICT
MISSION STATEMENT
The Newark Public Schools District’s mission is to develop a productive citizen who is distinguished in all aspects of academic endeavors and willing to challenge the status quo in our society. We are committed to ensuring that our policies and practices will prepare our students for a world that is increasingly diverse and knowledge driven. We expect our schools and classroom environments to be emotionally safe and intellectually challenging. We pledge to partner with parents, groups, and organizations that add support to the mission by changing hearts and minds to value education.
Newark Public Schools
Law Enforcement and Public Safety III: Forensic Science
Forensic Science is a science of the 21" century. While in the past it was difficult to teach on the high school level, new opportunities and avenues and availabilities are allowing us to bring the science of mysteries into the classroom. Forensic science can be defined as the application of science to the law. In criminal cases forensic scientists are often involved in the search for and examination of physical traces which might be useful for establishing or excluding an association between someone suspected of committing a crime and the scene of the crime or victim. Due to a crime scene's diverse characteristics, forensic science can be considered a combination of both a social science and a physical science. Some of the sciences that are useful during a crime scene investigation may include physics, chemistry, biology, psychology, and criminal justice. (http://www.bergen.org/ESTlYear51) Forensic Science presents a way for students to learn science through inquiry and critical thinking skills and to explore the path of careers in forensic science. This course will have students using inductive and deductive reasoning in order to apply the scientific method to solve the mysteries before them.
Newark Public Schools
Law Enforcement and Public Safety III: Forensic Science
Course Description
This curriculum guide has been designed to support the instruction of a college prep introduction and overview of forensic science course for a half year of regular schedule classes (43 minutes). The content of this curriculum has been specifically constructed and aligned with the philosophy for teaching high school science. A one-year course in chemistry and a one-year course in physics is a prerequisite for this 12th grade forensic science course. This course also requires that biology have been taken or is being taken simultaneously. The purpose of this curriculum is to fulfill the following:
1. Establish student interest in of their surroundings and sustain that interest by encouraging student to apply knowledge of all science to solve real world mysteries.
2. Introduce and further student inquiry in new topics in science.
3. Equip students to extend knowledge of concepts presented in class by incorporating the use of inquiry and technology in the learning process.
4. Enable student to exercise practical applications of physical sciences in real world scenarios.
5. Promote scientific literacy and thereby enable student to assess local and global impact of science and technology on society.
6. Demonstrate proficiency in the use of the scientific method through the collection, analysis and application of results to solve crime scenes; also through oral and written communication.
7. Use inductive and deductive reasoning and application of the scientific method to solve real world crimes and mysteries
8. Allow students to engage and be aware of public discourse and debate about scientific and technological matters and their impact on society.
9. Empower student to function in independent and collaborative environments.
Recommended Textbooks/Resources
Richard Saferstein (2004). Criminalistics: An Introduction to Forensic Science. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. ISBN#O-13-113706-9
Teacher Reference Texts
Deslich, Barbara and Funkhouser, John (2005). Forensic Science for High School. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendal/Hunt Publishing Company. ISBN#O-7575·1824·9
Sutton, James. Forensics-Searching for Clues. West Chester, OH: T&S Educational, Inc. ISBN #1·877960-24·1
Wood, Elaine and Walker, Pam. (1998) Crime Scene Investigation. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN #0·7879·6630·4
Deslich, Barbara and Funkhouser, John. (2003) TopShelf Forensics. Portland, ME: J. Weston Walch. ISBN #0·825\-4627-5
Further Resources Recommended
Using T1·84 Plus Calculator to collect and analyze forensic data: http://education.ti.com/en/us/activities/explorations-series-books/activitybook_forensics
No Bones About It Activity (data collection): forensics.rice.edu/en/materials/activity_nine.pdf
.
Course Proficiencies
UNIT #1: INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE
Definition, Scope of and History of Forensic Science
1. Explain what forensic science is.
2. Present a timeline of events in the development of forensic science.
3. Observe the relevance of classroom study to real-life situation.
Functions and Types of Forensic Scientists and Labs
4. Describe the various jobs performed in the area of forensic science.
5. Describe the development and services of a crime lab.
Crime Scenes and Physical Evidence
6. Describe various types of physical evidence and the methods of collection.
7. Examine and classify a crime scene.
8. Illustrate and label a crime scene.
9. List and describe the common types of physical evidence.
10. Compare and contrast individual and class evidence.
UNIT #2: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL EVIDENCE
Physical PROPERTIES OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE: Glass, Soil and Sand
11. Distinguish between chemical and physical properties
12. 2. Experimentally calculate density
13. Differentiate between various types of glass by comparing the refractive indices of glass samples to the refractive indices of known liquids.
14. Recognize fracture patterns in glass and classify them as radial or concentric
15. Determine the direction of impact on glass by analyzing the conchoidal fracture patterns in a piece of glass.
16. Identify characteristics of different types of soil and sand.
17. Apply knowledge of characteristics of glass, sand and soil to determine which came from a crime scene.
Trace Evidence: Hair and Fiber
18. Name the microscopic parts of a hair.
19. Differentiate between animal and human hair.
20. Identify the hair scale patterns.
21. Differentiate between various types of fiber based upon their characteristics.
22. Solve a crime by identifying hair and fibers from the scene of a crime.
Prints, Tracks and Toolmarks
22. Understand the three fundamental principles of fingerprinting.
23. Determine the primary classification of fingerprints.
24. Describe and evaluate several methods for detecting fingerprints.
25. 4. Identify various types of tool-marks.
26. 5. Identify various types of track marks.
Document and handwriting Analyses
27. Perform chromatography as a method of separating and identifying materials.
28. Describe and identify the various characteristics of handwriting.
29. Identify various types of forgery.
Arson and Explosion
30. Explain types of evidence found and collected at an arson investigation.
31. Compare and contrast types of explosives.
32. Describe and explain what an accelerant is.
Ballistics and Firearms
33. Describe and label the parts and types or firearms
34. Observe trajectory motion.
35. Explain the relationship between angle and velocity and use it to calculate velocity.
Toxicology
36. Identify and label the major parts of the circulatory and excretory systems.
37. Describe how blood flows through the body.
38. Name and describe the various types or equipment used by forensic toxicologists.
39. Perform test to identify certain drugs and/or poisons.
UNIT #3: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE
Serology
40. Name and describe the four major blood types.
41. Name and describe the three major blood cells.
42. Accurately type blood.
43. Solve genetic probabilities using blood types.
44. Describe and identify differences between animal and human blood.
45. Use probability to determine blood heritage.
46. Determine blood spatter angle.
47. Observe and draw conclusions using blood spatter patterns.
DNA Fingerprinting
48. Describe the general structure or DNA.
49. Make a model or DNA
50. Compare and contrast RFLP and PCR DNA fingerprinting
51. Determine the legality of DNA as a courtroom tool.
52. Research and draw conclusions concerning a specific case using DNA.
Entomology
53. Describe what forensic entomology is.
54. Discuss the three sub-categories of forensic entomology.
55. Describe the role insects play in estimating the time of death
Anthropology
56. Name the major bones of the human body.
57. Determine the age, height, race and sex from a given bone.
58. Distinguish a human bone from that of an animal.
59. Use an insect to determine the time of death at a crime scene.
Odontology
60. Name and number baby and permanent teeth.
61. Describe the anatomy of a tooth.
62. Explain how bite marks are used as evidence ion a court of law.
63. Use dentition to ID human remains and solve crimes
Suggested Course Pacing
UNIT #1: INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE / Part I - Introduction: Definition, Scope of and History of Forensic Science / 10 / 5
Part 2 - The Crime Scene: Functions and Types of Forensic Scientists and Labs / 2 / 1
UNIT #2: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE / Part 3 - Physical Properties: Glass, Soil and Sand / 8 / 4
Part 4 - Hairs, Fibers, and Paint: Trace Evidence: Hair and Fiber / 12 / 6
Part 5 - Fingerprints: Prints, Tracks and Toolmarks / 12 / 6
Part 6 - Document and Voice Examination: Document and Handwriting Analyses / 8 / 4
Part 7 - Forensic Aspects of Arson and Explosion: Arson and Explosion / 6 / 3
Part 8 - Firearms, Tool Marks, and Other Impressions: Ballistics and Firearms / 4 / 2
Part 9 – Drugs & Part 10 - Forensic Toxicology / 12 / 6
UNIT #3: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE / Part 10 - Forensic Serology. / 6 / 3
Part 11 - DNA: The Indispensable Forensic Science Tool / 10 / 5
Part 12 - Entomology / 4 / 2
Part 13 - Anthropology / 10 / 5
Part 14 - Odontology / 6 / 3
Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE
Part 1: Introduction: Definition, Scope of and History of Forensic Science
Essential Questions / Instructional Objectives/Skills and Benchmarks / Types of Activities and Assessments that could illustrate Objectives / Suggested Resources / Academic Alignments /What are the requirements, benefits, and challenges of various careers in the field of forensic science?
What courses of study are required for this profession?
In general, what tasks do those who practice this career perform?
Where can you find useful information about forensic science?
How has forensic science developed and changed with advancement in technology?
Who are the key people in the development of forensic science?
How can information be utilized to solve a crime? / 1. Present a timeline of the development of forensic science.
2. Identify some key figures in the development of forensic science through an activity.
3. Discuss and present various organizations and universities associated with forensic science and career possibilities.
4. Examine the lives and contributions of important scientists who affected major breakthroughs in our understanding of the natural and designed world.
5. Discuss significant technological achievements in which science has played an important part as well as technological advances that have contributed directly to the advancement of scientific knowledge.
6. State their own opinions as to the cause of death and give reasons for their decisions.
7. Define forensic science and be able to list five types of forensic sciences currently allowed as evidence in our courts.
9. Observe the relevance of classroom study to real-life situation. / Appendix B Activities
Timeline
Web Research
Observation Skills
Who's Who
Perceptual Fallacies
Logic Puzzle / List of Forensic Science Associations
List of Forensic Science Books on the internet
Timeline Info:
History of Forensic Science in Canada
Compiled by the American College of Forensic Examiners
FBI Handbook of Forensic Science / CPI
21st Century:
9.1.12.A.1
9.3.12.C.4
9.4.12.L.(4).3
9.4.12.L.18
9.4.12.L.21
9.4.12.L.67
CCSS
ELA-Lit:
L.6
RH.3
SL.1, 4
WHST.2
WHST.6-9
Unit 1: INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE
Part 2: The Crime Scene: Functions and Types of Forensic Scientists and Labs
Essential Questions / Instructional Objectives/Skills and Benchmarks / Types of Activities and Assessments that could illustrate Objectives / Suggested Resources / Academic Alignments /What evidence is present at a crime scene and how can it be analyzed?
In what order should evidence be analyzed?
What evidence is admissible in court? / 1. Research careers in forensic science.
2. Describe the development and services of a crime scene laboratory.
3. When making decisions, evaluate conclusions, weigh evidence, and recognize that arguments may not have equal merit.
4. Observe and draw a crime scene, labeling the evidence.
5. Develop observation skills and make inferences through completing a lab on crime scene. evaluation.
6. Cooperatively create and perform a crime scene.
7. Reconstruct a crime scene.
8. Explain types and significance of evidence in evaluating a crime scene.
9. Discuss safety within a crime scene laboratory.
10. Compare and contrast class and individual characteristics.
11. Develop quality controls to examine evidence. / Appendix B Activities
Career Research
Crime Scene Drawing
Deductive Reasoning
Crime Suspect Sketch
Making Faces / FBI Crime Scene Info
Smart Draw Software
Crime Scene Investigation Activities:
STEM Works
Kids Ahead
Protecting the Crime Scene
FBI Adventures / CPI
21st Century:
9.1.12.A.1
9.4.1.O.(2).4
9.4.12.L.18
9.4.1.O.(2).6
9.4.12.L.(4).3
9.4.12.L.(4).3
9.2.12.C.2;
Sci:
5.1.8.B.3
5.1.12.B.2
5.1.12.B.3
5.1.12.B.4
5.1.12.C.1
5.1.12.C.3
5.1.12.D.2
CCSS
ELA-Lit:
RST.3, 8
SL.4
WHST.1, 2.b, 7-9
Unit 2: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE
Part 3: Physical Properties: Glass, Soil and Sand
Essential Questions / Instructional Objectives/Skills and Benchmarks / Types of Activities and Assessments that could illustrate Objectives / Suggested Resources / Academic Alignments /How is trace evidence discovered at a crime scene?
How is trace evidence analyzed?
What are some types of physical properties?
What are some types of chemical properties? / 1. Compare and contrast physical and chemical properties.
2. Activate prior knowledge and reinforce the concepts of weight/mass, density and temperature.
3. Describe and discuss glass properties through an experiment.
4. Understand of the properties of sand and soil through an experiment.
5. Experimentally and mathematically identify unknown pieces of glass.
6. Observe and determine glass fracture patterns and direction of impact on glass through an experiment.
7. Use a virtual lab activity to determine various characteristics of sand and relate that information to the environment of formation.
8. Examine soil and investigate some of the physical and chemical properties of soil. / Appendix B Activities
Virtual Sand Activity
Glass Analysis Activity
Analysis of Minerals and Soils Lab Activity / Video-Forensic Detectives:
Chemistry at Work from
Discovery School: Chemistry at
Work / CPI
21st Century:
9.1.12.A
9.4.12.L.18
9.4.1.O.(2).4
9.4.1.O.(2).6
SCI:
5.2.8.A.5
5.1.8.B.3
5.1.12.B.2
5.1.12.B.3
5.1.12.B.4
5.1.12.C.1
5.1.12.C.3
5.1.12.D.2
5.2.12.A.2
CCSS
ELA-Lit:
RST.3
SL.1, 4
WHST.2.b
MTH:
G.MG.1
G.MG.2
Unit 2: TYPES AND PROPERTIES OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE