Biology: Midterm Review (January 2014)
Know the concepts associated with the following terms
Cells Structure and Function –
Cell organelles and their function
Comparing plant and animal cells
A. nucleus
B. ribosome
C. lysosome
D. Golgi
E. mitochondrion
F. vacuole
G. endoplasmic reticulum- smooth and rough
H. cell membrane
I. cytoskeleton
J. chromosomes
K. Nucleolus
L. Cilia
M. flagella
N. Chloroplast
Prokaroytic vs. Eukaryotic
Differences and similarities between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic organisms
A. nucleoid
B. plasmids
Organization
A. tissue
B. organ
C. organelle
D. organism
E. organ system
Stem Cells
A. Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC)
B. Adult Stem Cells (ASC)
C. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells(iPSC)
D. blastocyst
E. pluripotent
F. multipotent
G. cord blood
H. synthetic organs
Cell Membrane/ Cell Transport
A. passive transport
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Facilitated diffusion
E. Examples of Active Transport
F. Hypertonic
G. Hypotonic
H. Isotonic
I. semipermeable
J. impermeable
K. exocytosis
L. cytolysis
M. plasmolysis
N. solute
O. solvent
P. solution
Q. concentration gradient
R. carrier molecules
S. Hydrophilic
T. Hydrophobic
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
A. Chlorophyll
B. Stroma.
C. Granum
D. Photosystem
E. Thylakoid
F. plant pigments
G. heterotrophs/consumers
H. autotrophs/producers
I. photolysis
J. electron transport chain
K. Calvin cycle/light independent reaction – reactants/products
L. light dependent reaction –reactants/products
M. names /roles of molecules in photosynthesis
N. Glycolysis
O. Kreb’s Cycle/ Citric Acid Cycle
P. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Q. Alcohol Fermentation
R. Aerobic/anaerobic respiration
Biological Molecules
A. Organic Compound
B. Monomer
C. Polymer
D. Carbohydrate
E. Monosaccharide/disaccharide/polysaccharide
F. Lipid- general characteristics and examples
G. Proteins - general characteristics and examples
H. Enzymes and their characteristics- Catalase
I.. Glycogen
J. Functional groups- carboxyl, amino/amine
K. dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis reactions
L. Denatured
M. Active site
N. Substrate
O. Catalyst
P. isomer
Q. Coenzyme
R. iodine test
S. Benedicts Solution
Know the following:
1. Examples of how form follows function.
2. Characteristics of plants and animal cells (compare and contrast)
3. Structure of the cell membrane and the major functions of membranes in general.
Fluid Mosiac Model. Explain how molecules move across a cell membrane.
4. Structure of ATP